算法是一个程序和软件的灵魂,作为一名优秀的程序员,只有对一些基础的算法有着全面的掌握,才会在设计程序和编写代码的过程中显得得心应手。本文是近百个C语言算法系列的第二篇,包括了经典的Fibonacci数列、简易计算器、回文检查、质数检查等算法。也许他们能在你的毕业设计或者面试中派上用场。
1、计算Fibonacci数列
Fibonacci数列又称斐波那契数列,又称黄金分割数列,指的是这样一个数列:1、1、2、3、5、8、13、21。
C语言实现的代码如下:
- /* Displaying Fibonacci sequence up to nth term where n is entered by user. */
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int count, n, t1=0, t2=1, display=0;
- printf("Enter number of terms: ");
- scanf("%d",&n);
- printf("Fibonacci Series: %d+%d+", t1, t2); /* Displaying first two terms */
- count=2; /* count=2 because first two terms are already displayed. */
- while (count<n)
- {
- display=t1+t2;
- t1=t2;
- t2=display;
- ++count;
- printf("%d+",display);
- }
- return 0;
- }
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结果输出:
- Enter number of terms: 10
- Fibonacci Series: 0+1+1+2+3+5+8+13+21+34+
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也可以使用下面的源代码:
- /* Displaying Fibonacci series up to certain number entered by user. */
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int t1=0, t2=1, display=0, num;
- printf("Enter an integer: ");
- scanf("%d",&num);
- printf("Fibonacci Series: %d+%d+", t1, t2); /* Displaying first two terms */
- display=t1+t2;
- while(display<num)
- {
- printf("%d+",display);
- t1=t2;
- t2=display;
- display=t1+t2;
- }
- return 0;
- }
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结果输出:
- Enter an integer: 200
- Fibonacci Series: 0+1+1+2+3+5+8+13+21+34+55+89+144+
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2、回文检查
源代码:
- /* C program to check whether a number is palindrome or not */
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int n, reverse=0, rem,temp;
- printf("Enter an integer: ");
- scanf("%d", &n);
- temp=n;
- while(temp!=0)
- {
- rem=temp%10;
- reverse=reverse*10+rem;
- temp/=10;
- }
- /* Checking if number entered by user and it's reverse number is equal. */
- if(reverse==n)
- printf("%d is a palindrome.",n);
- else
- printf("%d is not a palindrome.",n);
- return 0;
- }
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结果输出:
- Enter an integer: 12321
- 12321 is a palindrome.
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3、质数检查
注:1既不是质数也不是合数。
源代码:
- /* C program to check whether a number is prime or not. */
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int n, i, flag=0;
- printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
- scanf("%d",&n);
- for(i=2;i<=n/2;++i)
- {
- if(n%i==0)
- {
- flag=1;
- break;
- }
- }
- if (flag==0)
- printf("%d is a prime number.",n);
- else
- printf("%d is not a prime number.",n);
- return 0;
- }
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结果输出:
- Enter a positive integer: 29
- 29 is a prime number.
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4、打印金字塔和三角形
使用 * 建立三角形
- *
- * *
- * * *
- * * * *
- * * * * *
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源代码:
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int i,j,rows;
- printf("Enter the number of rows: ");
- scanf("%d",&rows);//微信搜索公众号【C语言中文社区】关注回复C语言,免费领取200G学习资料
- for(i=1;i<=rows;++i)
- {
- for(j=1;j<=i;++j)
- {
- printf("* ");
- }
- printf("\n");
- }
- return 0;
- }
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如下图所示使用数字打印半金字塔。
- 1
- 1 2
- 1 2 3
- 1 2 3 4
- 1 2 3 4 5
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源代码:
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int i,j,rows;
- printf("Enter the number of rows: ");
- scanf("%d",&rows);
- for(i=1;i<=rows;++i)
- {
- for(j=1;j<=i;++j)
- {
- printf("%d ",j);
- }
- printf("\n");
- }
- return 0;
- }
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用 * 打印半金字塔
- * * * * *
- * * * *
- * * *
- * *
- *
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源代码:
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int i,j,rows;
- printf("Enter the number of rows: ");
- scanf("%d",&rows);
- for(i=rows;i>=1;--i)
- {
- for(j=1;j<=i;++j)
- {
- printf("* ");
- }
- printf("\n");
- }
- return 0;
- }
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用 * 打印金字塔
- *
- * * *
- * * * * *
- * * * * * * *
- * * * * * * * * *
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源代码:
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int i,space,rows,k=0;
- printf("Enter the number of rows: ");
- scanf("%d",&rows);
- for(i=1;i<=rows;++i)
- {
- for(space=1;space<=rows-i;++space)
- {
- printf(" ");
- }
- while(k!=2*i-1)
- {
- printf("* ");
- ++k;
- }
- k=0;
- printf("\n");
- }
- return 0;
- }
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用 * 打印倒金字塔
- * * * * * * * * *
- * * * * * * *
- * * * * *
- * * *
- *
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源代码:
- #include<stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int rows,i,j,space;
- printf("Enter number of rows: ");
- scanf("%d",&rows);
- for(i=rows;i>=1;--i)
- {
- for(space=0;space<rows-i;++space)
- printf(" ");
- for(j=i;j<=2*i-1;++j)
- printf("* ");
- for(j=0;j<i-1;++j)
- printf("* ");
- printf("\n");
- }
- return 0;
- }
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5、简单的加减乘除计算器
源代码:
- /* Source code to create a simple calculator for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division using switch...case statement in C programming. */
-
- # include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- char o;
- float num1,num2;
- printf("Enter operator either + or - or * or divide : ");
- scanf("%c",&o);
- printf("Enter two operands: ");
- scanf("%f%f",&num1,&num2);
- switch(o) {
- case '+':
- printf("%.1f + %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1+num2);
- break;
- case '-':
- printf("%.1f - %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1-num2);
- break;
- case '*':
- printf("%.1f * %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1*num2);
- break;
- case '/':
- printf("%.1f / %.1f = %.1f",num1, num2, num1/num2);
- break;
- default:
- /* If operator is other than +, -, * or /, error message is shown */
- printf("Error! operator is not correct");
- break;
- }
- return 0;
- }
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结果输出:
- Enter operator either + or - or * or divide : -
- Enter two operands: 3.4
- 8.4
- 3.4 - 8.4 = -5.0
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6、检查一个数能不能表示成两个质数之和
源代码:
- #include <stdio.h>
- int prime(int n);
- int main()
- {
- int n, i, flag=0;//微信搜索公众号【C语言中文社区】关注回复C语言,免费领取200G学习资料
- printf("Enter a positive integer: ");
- scanf("%d",&n);
- for(i=2; i<=n/2; ++i)
- {
- if (prime(i)!=0)
- {
- if ( prime(n-i)!=0)
- {
- printf("%d = %d + %d\n", n, i, n-i);
- flag=1;
- }
-
- }
- }
- if (flag==0)
- printf("%d can't be expressed as sum of two prime numbers.",n);
- return 0;
- }
- int prime(int n) /* Function to check prime number */
- {
- int i, flag=1;
- for(i=2; i<=n/2; ++i)
- if(n%i==0)
- flag=0;
- return flag;
- }
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结果输出:
- Enter a positive integer: 34
- 34 = 3 + 31
- 34 = 5 + 29
- 34 = 11 + 23
- 34 = 17 + 17
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7、用递归的方式颠倒字符串
源代码:
- /* Example to reverse a sentence entered by user without using strings. */
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- void Reverse();
- int main()
- {
- printf("Enter a sentence: ");
- Reverse();
- return 0;
- }
- void Reverse()
- {
- char c;
- scanf("%c",&c);
- if( c != '\n')
- {
- Reverse();
- printf("%c",c);
- }
- }
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结果输出:
- Enter a sentence: margorp emosewa
- awesome program
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8、实现二进制与十进制之间的相互转换
- /* C programming source code to convert either binary to decimal or decimal to binary according to data entered by user. */
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <math.h>
- int binary_decimal(int n);
- int decimal_binary(int n);
- int main()
- {
- int n;
- char c;
- printf("Instructions:\n");
- printf("1. Enter alphabet 'd' to convert binary to decimal.\n");
- printf("2. Enter alphabet 'b' to convert decimal to binary.\n");
- scanf("%c",&c);
- if (c =='d' || c == 'D')
- {
- printf("Enter a binary number: ");
- scanf("%d", &n);
- printf("%d in binary = %d in decimal", n, binary_decimal(n));
- }
- if (c =='b' || c == 'B')
- {
- printf("Enter a decimal number: ");
- scanf("%d", &n);
- printf("%d in decimal = %d in binary", n, decimal_binary(n));
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
- int decimal_binary(int n) /* Function to convert decimal to binary.*/
- {
- int rem, i=1, binary=0;
- while (n!=0)
- {
- rem=n%2;
- n/=2;
- binary+=rem*i;
- i*=10;
- }
- return binary;
- }
-
- int binary_decimal(int n) /* Function to convert binary to decimal.*/
- {
- int decimal=0, i=0, rem;
- while (n!=0)
- {
- rem = n%10;
- n/=10;
- decimal += rem*pow(2,i);
- ++i;
- }
- return decimal;
- }
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结果输出:
9、使用多维数组实现两个矩阵的相加
源代码:
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main(){
- int r,c,a[100][100],b[100][100],sum[100][100],i,j;
- printf("Enter number of rows (between 1 and 100): ");
- scanf("%d",&r);
- printf("Enter number of columns (between 1 and 100): ");
- scanf("%d",&c);
- printf("\nEnter elements of 1st matrix:\n");
-
- /* Storing elements of first matrix entered by user. */
-
- for(i=0;i<r;++i)
- for(j=0;j<c;++j)
- {
- printf("Enter element a%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
- scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
- }
-
- /* Storing elements of second matrix entered by user. */
-
- printf("Enter elements of 2nd matrix:\n");
- for(i=0;i<r;++i)
- for(j=0;j<c;++j)
- {
- printf("Enter element a%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
- scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
- }
-
- /*Adding Two matrices */
-
- for(i=0;i<r;++i)
- for(j=0;j<c;++j)
- sum[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
-
- /* Displaying the resultant sum matrix. */
-
- printf("\nSum of two matrix is: \n\n");
- for(i=0;i<r;++i)
- for(j=0;j<c;++j)
- {
- printf("%d ",sum[i][j]);
- if(j==c-1)
- printf("\n\n");
- }
-
- return 0;
- }
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结果输出:
10、矩阵转置
源代码:
- #include <stdio.h>
- int main()
- {
- int a[10][10], trans[10][10], r, c, i, j;
- printf("Enter rows and column of matrix: ");
- scanf("%d %d", &r, &c);
-
- /* Storing element of matrix entered by user in array a[][]. */
- printf("\nEnter elements of matrix:\n");
- for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
- for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
- {
- printf("Enter elements a%d%d: ",i+1,j+1);
- scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
- }
- /* Displaying the matrix a[][] */
- printf("\nEntered Matrix: \n");
- for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
- for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
- {
- printf("%d ",a[i][j]);
- if(j==c-1)
- printf("\n\n");
- }
-
- /* Finding transpose of matrix a[][] and storing it in array trans[][]. */
- for(i=0; i<r; ++i)
- for(j=0; j<c; ++j)
- {
- trans[j][i]=a[i][j];
- }
-
- /* Displaying the transpose,i.e, Displaying array trans[][]. */
- printf("\nTranspose of Matrix:\n");
- for(i=0; i<c; ++i)
- for(j=0; j<r; ++j)
- {
- printf("%d ",trans[i][j]);
- if(j==r-1)
- printf("\n\n");
- }
- return 0;
- }
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结果输出:
|