点个灯是为了上手,了解一些最基础的东西,比如程序框架,外设的一般操作方式。
5 X/ e5 g1 H- J" ?$ {# L5 ?" H+ j5 _2 S1 u+ w) J; ^7 o
Alios即然是一个OS,程序框架必然和裸机操作不同,先看个简单的hello-world,代码如下
% y* G- m. f, ]$ h- #include <aos/aos.h>
- Q7 {* E) r. Q3 G
" z8 ?9 b+ Q& O* c* n- static void app_delayed_action(void *arg)6 O( U1 u _9 v) B
- {
" @& d, r$ s/ O7 @- h) W' R E' l2 w - LOG("helloworld %s:%d %s\r\n", __func__, __LINE__, aos_task_name());
6 G% n7 ~" a9 U3 g S - aos_post_delayed_action(5000, app_delayed_action, NULL);
- J2 D# K% m+ s! V - }
. ^) T4 p. u+ ~ - 1 g2 v% w4 M5 p/ F. {
- int application_start(int argc, char *argv[])$ M* x, D/ @5 L4 e2 K( i& y
- {
6 x S. a7 f: i3 h; `9 T: y - LOG("application started.");
3 u- u m# D4 b0 i9 V4 ]6 K - aos_post_delayed_action(1000, app_delayed_action, NULL);/ }6 `- m& P- k4 k' t3 P8 ^
- aos_loop_run();
* j. p* A9 @8 \: x, T - 2 C+ f4 C3 G7 e0 D
- return 0;
. A' O; V' J: e) p: O5 _5 K - }
复制代码 头文件aos.h是alios动力的源头,先不管有多复杂,照抄就是了。/ X3 a4 p' ~$ ^9 d7 B6 _- I, ?
application_start是程序的入口点,硬件上电初始化后,要跳到这里来执行。" |* V4 p, D' W9 k% \) W5 J% y
; k ^: g- U* `+ q) `# Y( }1 H6 A0 }aos_post_delayed_action(1000, app_delayed_action, NULL)的作用是延迟执行指定的代码,在1秒钟后执行app_delayed_action函数,这个用法有点和Android中的Handler.postDelay方法类似。* R7 j. j* `: n J F
; O+ v$ ^5 s( {$ @然后在app_delay_action函数中,反复延迟调用自身,从而达到反复执行的目的。; k' K6 v8 P+ f1 @2 J' r
. K; ]* _& w8 ?) N4 C& w: V% r) p3 Y
在入口函数中的aos_loop_run则是进入事件循环,该干啥就干啥。
8 s" F- v$ m4 @5 s1 }: g+ h
4 S" f2 D/ K# P8 X5 x点灯用到GPIO,alios要忽略硬件之间的差异,必然得提供一份统一的API及差异化的硬件配置,统一的API提供了GPIO的初始化、读写操作,而差异化的硬件配置则针对特定的硬件平台。
I! J+ D6 C. w7 b: E; |
5 a5 ]7 Z+ R, P这个差异化的配置文件位于board目录下,针对Alios Things Development Kit来说,该文件为+ J% _% ~9 d4 J% d9 X; g/ f
- AliOS-Things\board\developerkit\hal\hal_gpio_stm32_l4.h
复制代码 中,部分代码摘录如下$ u# P/ F: y- Y0 ?3 B
( n) M7 m( J0 Z) w8 ~. x/ \7 s6 N- #include "stm32l4xx_hal.h"
8 B" _8 g7 g; v% g - #include <string.h>
* w! l7 }5 {4 T+ v. [ - #include <stdlib.h>0 U) g5 q* }$ l
- #include <stdio.h>/ v. ?! p- @( U( U1 P, L
- #include <stdbool.h>
8 Z# ^! _1 a/ B - #include "aos/kernel.h"( v$ L- w- T* i$ ^/ D: |' J
- 4 C& f. W0 N G' E
- #define PINS_IN_GROUP 16
4 f J( i" H0 ^ - #define GROUP_GPIOA 0$ D+ u( ~$ L9 G/ \. { H
- #define GROUP_GPIOB 1
; t6 k2 @7 ^/ N! _1 u5 v* ~ - #define GROUP_GPIOC 2
* ~( l( k+ [1 i, N+ I, j- _: }; H - #define GROUP_GPIOD 3 : K k! C& K9 t0 B; v) \
- #define GROUP_GPIOE 4
; Y6 K( p) J W& A: R - #define GROUP_GPIOF 5& n$ A K9 x$ K- Q/ \% j9 d
- #define GROUP_GPIOG 6: C& q. ~8 j7 U4 H1 }
- #define GROUP_GPIOH 7
( P0 e. u2 j3 C6 C; y- P - 4 ~4 [$ |$ o5 f
- #define HAL_GPIO_0 ((uint8_t)0) /* represent GPIOA pin 0 */+ M& m* t8 P9 ]) q7 N( @, i( f
- #define HAL_GPIO_1 ((uint8_t)1) /* represent GPIOA pin 1 */
# h' M2 t% |6 O4 t3 u - #define HAL_GPIO_2 ((uint8_t)2) /* represent GPIOA pin 2 */! b+ D0 n5 ^7 k0 ?
- #define HAL_GPIO_3 ((uint8_t)3) /* represent GPIOA pin 3 */
' ^# f k5 p6 I* h - #define HAL_GPIO_4 ((uint8_t)4) /* represent GPIOA pin 4 */4 _& }* V% L3 s3 g- k
- #define HAL_GPIO_5 ((uint8_t)5) /* represent GPIOA pin 5 */. }$ y I. c Z% e9 o( G
- #define HAL_GPIO_6 ((uint8_t)6) /* represent GPIOA pin 6 */
9 p, K& X; N/ j4 g8 Q" O" k - #define HAL_GPIO_7 ((uint8_t)7) /* represent GPIOA pin 7 */
' y, H( X( J. x3 X, M) M& v/ n5 V - #define HAL_GPIO_8 ((uint8_t)8) /* represent GPIOA pin 8 */
# q! S0 ]1 `% s - #define HAL_GPIO_9 ((uint8_t)9) /* represent GPIOA pin 9 */
1 \/ ?/ L; J i - #define HAL_GPIO_10 ((uint8_t)10) /* represent GPIOA pin 10 */
8 l& L6 E& I6 N# P2 d: ~ - #define HAL_GPIO_11 ((uint8_t)11) /* represent GPIOA pin 11 */1 a1 }8 k$ V$ n
- #define HAL_GPIO_12 ((uint8_t)12) /* represent GPIOA pin 12 */9 t* C1 G% a" o0 |2 { d
- #define HAL_GPIO_13 ((uint8_t)13) /* represent GPIOA pin 13 */
" I6 J- E/ n9 ]" J - #define HAL_GPIO_14 ((uint8_t)14) /* represent GPIOA pin 14 */
# @# g1 x$ N2 k m$ s - #define HAL_GPIO_15 ((uint8_t)15) /* represent GPIOA pin 15 */! o1 R1 R. r% ^+ ~* S
- 1 `/ Y$ b* I: v9 j5 B! j8 _
- #define HAL_GPIO_16 ((uint8_t)16) /* represent GPIOB pin 0 */
% Z+ d! m3 W. P* t" J - #define HAL_GPIO_17 ((uint8_t)17) /* represent GPIOB pin 1 */- ~: L; I4 u9 @9 A) w, K" I! V
- #define HAL_GPIO_18 ((uint8_t)18) /* represent GPIOB pin 2 */) o. |& a0 `* F5 ?/ d5 H% i! j
- #define HAL_GPIO_19 ((uint8_t)19) /* represent GPIOB pin 3 */# M$ ^) {+ A1 X% T6 X# O
- #define HAL_GPIO_20 ((uint8_t)20) /* represent GPIOB pin 4 */9 J% A; I! I+ A( }2 [. C( ^
- #define HAL_GPIO_21 ((uint8_t)21) /* represent GPIOB pin 5 */6 f4 k" B( B5 f5 S8 r( |: t
- #define HAL_GPIO_22 ((uint8_t)22) /* represent GPIOB pin 6 */- |' T( K* \5 U
- #define HAL_GPIO_23 ((uint8_t)23) /* represent GPIOB pin 7 */1 m4 M7 d* M7 X% N
- #define HAL_GPIO_24 ((uint8_t)24) /* represent GPIOB pin 8 */
7 }0 _; f g+ w" l/ ?4 C - #define HAL_GPIO_25 ((uint8_t)25) /* represent GPIOB pin 9 */
复制代码 这个倒是非常清楚,不过在官方的文档里却没有提到,需要用户自己去找,找了很久才找到!
9 H) t% r* J, ~4 ~1 q( J/ ?1 j# ~! \' V" b4 M+ E7 V! V7 c
GPIO通用的API列表如下 u3 H6 m1 n- [! D% o* S6 @! r
- 1 hal_gpio_init. p% ?/ c& B _* |9 _5 u9 R. R y
- 2 hal_gpio_output_high& Z' z- i7 }5 m0 y
- 3 hal_gpio_output_low
1 k8 s5 D: `% a" g, t4 E# ` - 4 hal_gpio_output_toggle8 k$ f- R' q4 q' Y0 J) F6 s; l7 k
- 5 hal_gpio_input_get
% ^) ? K, e' \$ d - 6 hal_gpio_enable_irq" i' g6 k! _8 m7 X9 t& V. {5 Q6 D
- 7 hal_gpio_disable_irq
e6 x! q# M" z1 w+ ~# W* o' S - 8 hal_gpio_clear_irq% ~, P. H( d1 v( M; w
- 9 hal_gpio_finalize
复制代码 有了这些基础,接下来就可以点灯了。 G% @+ \4 H: _4 ?
/ O( ~0 V+ ~# b: X9 k, i0 i) s$ n开发板上提供了LED1, LED2,LED3,对应的硬件连接如图
' ]$ n$ Y8 y2 t# o2 x" S
9 O8 Y: b* Z: H# p
6 T# U8 E/ A1 U& u- ^0 y
( K+ S" ^' O2 G( {
对应前面的GPIO映射得知在ALIOS中其编号为22,接下来修改代码如下
" ]# i; G$ k# X, F" Q3 \) x5 \0 K( }4 F" q6 I) U$ J1 M1 ^
- #include <aos/aos.h>. _/ W0 o0 ?2 I4 d6 e# j
- #include <hal/soc/soc.h>* @4 ]7 X6 H J; w* n
0 g% U& ^2 z; ~! b- #define LED1 22/ d8 m5 Y8 e& M& b) p
- gpio_dev_t led;, o; C8 \4 K1 [9 V% H
- ' C& H, M" A( {' K+ | H( h6 V2 H( K
- . d9 V% ~6 t. n5 N% S
- static void app_delayed_action(void *arg)
) X; `3 b0 ~$ W! i - {2 \0 s. t$ b6 A7 m+ W$ z
- //LOG("helloworld %s:%d %s\r\n", __func__, __LINE__, aos_task_name());) b$ X" j1 [2 [& M7 @
- hal_gpio_output_toggle(&led);; I8 R/ v6 O5 E8 P3 g
- aos_post_delayed_action(500, app_delayed_action, NULL);
$ L/ H: o, J" `$ f+ v3 h; a - }
# w+ S: K0 w# Q; a: d1 T1 N5 S2 G5 X2 B$ | - 8 g7 o% q4 z8 \6 K
- int application_start(int argc, char *argv[])
4 @9 w+ c8 R! J6 X2 G8 I5 q, o - {
( G, W M0 h$ a8 ~2 Z4 X - LOG("application started.");
6 E: V3 Z: u( X& i' F% k$ ]+ A - /* gpio port config */
) Q+ |: C( |5 B' @- r - led.port = LED1;
z+ G( o% N* F% I - /* set as output mode */
$ B* r) \& `/ T7 e7 a" G - led.config = OUTPUT_PUSH_PULL;8 i/ j. K7 y8 Y5 J' f3 l
- /* configure GPIO with the given settings */
' O$ F+ L; A3 F7 m+ t, Y0 M - hal_gpio_init(&led);
+ K. m! e# K" S' g d
9 U7 Y( v# d+ \2 I" t- aos_post_delayed_action(1000, app_delayed_action, NULL);1 U/ ^4 J/ |: C
- aos_loop_run();- r" h4 m" C- `* K
; E' T$ | g% i/ Z+ p2 R- return 0;
- { b5 Z* U4 m. V( @ - }
8 W* d% @/ m+ N4 l# i3 g# s - , a* G+ @4 K" V3 P
复制代码
; D3 g8 Z0 s8 I% q( B6 r, r9 d' \! j9 c7 @3 V
非常简单的代码,然后编译,上传到开发板,LED1开始闪烁。
0 e5 e, J# v) c% X) W# D' g( s
3 W# A. Z8 Y8 m/ }, B i H关于开发环境,使用的是VSCode,使用之前记得先安装相关的组件,如下6 G! ?8 W& k% ]# v
4 V( O W" E; }- R* X
; t7 `: @' H5 G
. @/ _& T+ |# b# N! i j3 k) F: K
然后就可以在VSCode里打开Github上拉下来的代码文件夹,开始体验。
" M6 @* u3 D1 }$ I) e# j/ B+ W$ c6 t" C2 {( L- S# L6 M) E. a% h
5 ]* o& R1 F3 @
# H8 A7 E2 N8 t$ ?4 a% Q3 r, r' [9 V: Z0 j$ t/ ]* j4 ?
|