stm32启动代码分析

rj2019 · 2019-04-07T14:36:54+00:00

启动代码在芯片上还是很重要的一部分，我们以F4的启动代码为例( |* d; e5 Z1 J. H* z! b " p, y; u, m m) M: i* Q+ \下面启动代码里的汇编的注释已经去掉，添加的注释用 // 表示5 \: t7 ]$ z+ t2 B+ ?7 n 6 ` e7 d, A; a- z1 J/****************************************************************************/; u6 ^ m. R5 n" ?4 ?( f9 H+ { # {$ {: V% c; V, a" @1 u$ } 7 K/ q" C7 g8 l 0.分号“；”后的内容相当于C程序中的注释/ V; F7 e. Q* k, n" F4 L 7 i; O6 b* H' r 8 ]# S/ _, a" C }9 f& R" G0 A: o1.标号的作用：标号必须顶格写，让汇编器计算程序转移的地址 8 i1 U1 _! j2 G4 C8 a ` }, i! O! n c 9 P! z1 ]8 c8 m; _" n2.伪指令) f! j- }5 U, B5 v; k6 `. D+ c EQU 用于定义常数% L; g* m z& ]8 w$ w- f! H LDR 被汇编器转换成一条“相对PC的加载指令”( T7 t8 c7 i* a+ O/ x& I ^4 U BLX 转移到后面代表的地址/ `8 M$ w- Y# k7 c. k BX 转移到后面的地址 4 ~5 Q; S0 a. g PROC，ENDP 表示一段程序的开始和结束 # f7 Q4 A; ?) b, h8 { H- l5 f- A9 G3 I: Y, p8 ` 2 y" M: x" K6 y/****************************************************************************/% h, `+ \. N8 _1 K6 G6 ]% K, _ , M( e$ s2 [. k* y: Q Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400: r3 ]) M1 L1 r E: c- p1 ~0 b " y2 j M( _$ B& h AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //定义一段叫STACK的数据段，并初始化为0，可读可写，以8字节对齐/ g, d8 K4 k. t, j" C4 W Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size //开辟一个大小为1KB（0x0000400，以字节为单位）的内存空间命名为Stack_Mem ' k: G, X' D# g__initial_sp //__initial_sp是一个标号，在这里相当于栈顶地址 * h. z" l7 |6 y# y7 c$ p4 y$ m& g' O8 N8 b" j1 {- y6 X Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200 7 F- | q+ z. V, o( _& P9 `. i ! d8 G# q, u- g2 D AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //定义一段HEAP数据段，不初始化为0，可读可写，8字节对齐 - N* Q+ K! j7 R V__heap_base //堆的基地址 6 h$ p+ P* v; I8 F8 iHeap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size //开辟一段0.5KB的空间，命名为Heap_Mem % d0 E8 j5 s% g__heap_limit //堆的结束地址 ! r% _* G- S" T/ S& ]; G" r7 z- t- F. ~ PRESERVE8 //表示当前文件中的堆栈空间以8字节对齐 + g# W# X$ D. q THUMB //使用YHUMB指令 ) y# ]4 v# w2 b; O - N/ _' W- ^$ q5 s" p: A( e/ k! O9 |+ d& ? AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY //开辟一段数据段，只读，命名为RESET; y4 Z; c8 ~. j, }) B EXPORT __Vectors //EXPORT表示可被外部调用5 Z& K: A; k d EXPORT __Vectors_End ; G9 p6 q/ y, U( Z. ] EXPORT __Vectors_Size. W) z: b5 I. s$ _ ' r5 `* y+ L4 u6 ]. g1 _) C9 ^ f__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack //DCD表示分配一个四字节的空间! u( @5 @2 N+ q5 d0 s DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler 4 c1 z4 c, g3 U) z) e% O DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler0 P$ K4 C+ v3 A9 S. F3 J8 [! i) A2 [ DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler7 W2 ~" I9 v" C0 @1 l . 2 J/ W7 N8 c y1 s% k% O . //中间部分省略，这一段定义的是中断向量表' T& t1 T8 T/ F @1 O 7 R9 J: c0 [* U O4 G; n$ J+ r% W; L . ) C0 r- N8 K6 l: t- v5 s DCD DCMI_IRQHandler ; DCMI # z4 A6 I: n' s; r DCD CRYP_IRQHandler ; CRYP crypto 3 E- ?& ]/ b) O DCD HASH_RNG_IRQHandler ; Hash and Rng; q4 d( @4 h. J5 e DCD FPU_IRQHandler ; FPU ; {+ e! {0 X7 z( U! D$ l" [0 Z % b( v- q0 G# q% W; d0 t __Vectors_End% U) _! ~. v5 F+ p; b" d; h0 [ 3 b7 r/ y& z/ s' N- y: ^2 \ __Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors //向量表的大小为最后的地址减去开始的地址，为188字节 6 c4 a/ v9 n, V1 j$ Z1 d* |( Q/ P! I( T7 {1 X: ~7 _ AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY //定义一段代码段，只读 3 P9 j7 Q7 A5 J/ P# z' W* I . o: _* x) ~- G- z8 x) o & C! n5 _: @. q* p- M4 d" ?9 M; z0 c5 uReset_Handler PROC //这一段定义复位中断服务函数7 ?9 s7 t. s M( R EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] //[WEAK]为弱定义，表示如果在该文件外还有和这个相同的标号，则优先执行外部的，这样我们的中断服务函数就可以在文件中的任意位置放置) L* x5 l+ M/ I: m, c/ ` IMPORT SystemInit //IMPORT表示从外部引用 SystemInit（在system_stm32f4文件内） ' w) c$ V/ t: f/ e |- L; ]1 U IMPORT __main //__main为C库中的函数，会完成一系列的配置，最终调用用户写的main函数 ; E. F+ X$ f5 O4 e5 N0 k . x- Y, |: V& `9 f; \1 Y LDR R0, =SystemInit //将SystemInit地址加载到R0寄存器) W" r2 O! x/ H7 r1 t% ? BLX R0 //相当于执行上面加载的函数 7 }% X& H3 ?4 l' _ LDR R0, =__main //将__main地址加载到R0寄存器 1 r v6 Y7 _5 B* W BX R0 //执行上面加载的函数! a/ h; G) r8 T9 k, ^ \) S ENDP/ _' _! {! e+ Y7 w7 c ; e0 |1 O* p6 s& p6 \' w0 A; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)( u. g8 d8 I7 U0 q1 j - n; t H# e# G, S3 FNMI_Handler PROC //NMI_Handler为不可屏蔽中断. [* M" Y( |, t# E EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]: _. D. S2 \, ]; y3 i B . //如果这个中断服务函数在外部没有定义，就会进入启动文件默认的中断服务函数B . 表示死循环， $ U' F* O6 A' @" G# o5 u2 T3 S ENDP //可以用仿真器实际操作一下，下面的和这里的一样 " Z6 N5 O" f) HHardFault_Handler\% w7 |7 t& l& Q& \( }8 m PROC : T# h m$ |0 b {3 m EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK] $ a* j: A' U4 R$ j2 c B . ! m6 s9 v+ P9 G) Q ENDP / N5 n" Z) |# `8 bMemManage_Handler\2 L5 J9 E, C4 Y3 a4 O# S! o$ d PROC+ a" C/ D" q& U2 b, v EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK]; t' j$ B( t1 M5 K5 i4 w B . 7 S& q. h4 {9 y z5 ]' ^# I# A ENDP * s+ T$ V2 h! IBusFault_Handler\ ' P2 R, o* Q1 y* u' a PROC6 a( N$ W, s0 j% j' a2 F/ o EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK] - j! T; b) Z1 h7 T* a( l! v9 M$ I B . / A* I v; D: ~( ~, l* a- ? ENDP . U0 P* `; y0 {% k8 _UsageFault_Handler\ & E$ ^1 B) G+ S6 L PROC ( y' }4 O9 f% L) F8 b, D1 Y6 u EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK] . P$ O% b8 G; a- L. n( \' T$ d B . n( X2 p: M3 {' E ENDP- `7 Q! B. Z) t0 O s9 D SVC_Handler PROC 6 t4 S- S6 e$ y) j/ e: [ EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK]( B& v$ j+ P* j4 ~4 M+ O B . 4 s9 Z0 T2 _4 ~3 I: a' M ENDP$ A: d6 f$ ], h; f3 C8 } DebugMon_Handler\' Q: [8 i2 M/ l Z PROC, I% m. t) S b0 [ EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]7 W3 j- t% b1 n* f4 X4 N# d4 s, c B .$ U" H2 j7 D, \6 L$ x; s ENDP 1 [5 s1 p0 Y7 \' c; T, p& aPendSV_Handler PROC 7 v6 ~, L8 }' J EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK] ' ^# r4 l% U: Z8 ~" q B .1 k/ U" n8 l8 `! w ENDP ! b$ ~3 X0 G# P/ j& v$ c4 q9 e5 Q' xSysTick_Handler PROC - }( ~" k* V7 ]* v+ `6 b EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK] 2 t. n/ b6 T- b" K, x" Y B .# h, s5 L6 L6 u" A5 P1 b$ X ENDP# i8 P8 \! p: R, m! i. {0 I . i! {1 ~- p6 v9 M+ w% K* Z2 o! gDefault_Handler PROC ( B6 ^6 a y; d7 K/ |/ {4 H4 n1 T! x; S8 V$ ~1 @7 ?* q$ ~ EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK] % r8 \! W8 N: ]' i S EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK] % S# E' I9 L, S! l: | EXPORT TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler [WEAK] " d1 _3 n0 X( \* a' W$ P EXPORT RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] ; Y# G* v3 M! h, C1 ? N' N EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK] ) C& j# U# m# j% K1 c. I4 b6 h EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK] , D. M& l' ^" h! w- l7 a" j. j7 B EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK] ; v# m5 b5 _: Z9 K! @" y EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] ) q5 v. |& L$ G: |/ R2 ~& ] EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] 3 k& \2 R! ~+ @7 } EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] % [0 i* A! X( s' P5 j9 ?* p EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK] : \6 K, ]8 \. l% W: P, t EXPORT DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! z2 _7 N# ^0 _" Z EXPORT DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler [WEAK] 7 f5 f& @5 ?: k0 u EXPORT DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler [WEAK] / \7 K6 J6 K6 d: v9 d u. u) e EXPORT DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler [WEAK] 4 [) e2 ?$ Y4 j$ X# k- }+ } EXPORT DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler [WEAK] / C. y" ^# Y6 V( E9 q6 N8 z EXPORT DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler [WEAK] " Q2 L0 o8 V5 X9 g EXPORT DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 |8 t8 h5 ?% W/ v4 G1 U EXPORT ADC_IRQHandler [WEAK] + D1 u" \& c1 {7 N5 V4 H6 e EXPORT CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK] ) q! Z% k6 O* s9 r% m( m% ~ EXPORT CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK] $ H: ?% A& {9 m* ^, [ EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK] # G3 S9 V& A3 m/ H& B& E% p EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK] 9 T. r$ B; D6 e8 q EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK] 8 w: q* B. G p2 \# s EXPORT TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 [+ u) S9 G* ? EXPORT TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler [WEAK] & t0 M* o8 Z* H4 v# `4 g' g- @( O- H/ f EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler [WEAK] ; \7 ?) I1 _6 j; R Y EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] ' r+ A" D% u9 w; x& e EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK] , E7 c. @5 I. b$ N8 O. ~ EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK] 9 m7 I7 D* Z& U$ w! ?- f8 _ EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK] 8 Y( S% e+ L8 M- f2 z q EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] * r: g- W$ S& }( D) j* G EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] * E" @9 ~0 Z8 M$ Q( `' w" e# A EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] 1 ]2 k% m5 u5 l" A% F$ v EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] " P, M5 ^9 b; B6 }) G, A% D5 a EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] 7 e ^# U' P( m' D EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] , r2 I6 `. A$ I: R EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK] - z8 |3 x4 `7 S, k8 n" W EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK] & d O5 Z5 x! Y3 o m8 l, U EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK] 3 x8 o K2 J, y3 V EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK] - Y- k$ r S9 O% q `" r8 p EXPORT RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler [WEAK] 9 M- L5 U; {; C: i" K# G' U EXPORT OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] r# o# B" E Y* N$ i8 t$ y EXPORT TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler [WEAK] ( [; H1 h9 `) T, k- Y. p5 f EXPORT TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler [WEAK] * Y @, q0 T4 z4 ~# T: U EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler [WEAK] z6 m! ]- j" E1 }4 I, p# h EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] % h3 y$ w% b7 g, C) x" X2 j EXPORT DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler [WEAK] 3 s2 z9 u/ Q3 ]5 \# E9 g2 ]- A' I EXPORT FSMC_IRQHandler [WEAK] - D' Z: Y. X$ a/ u) v EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 h/ H( T. n6 u- n8 w- j9 m EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 Q4 A" C! ]/ M* I* p EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] 4 X0 \ ]7 l4 |) h' Z# _ EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK] 4 ?9 O4 b( {5 i5 Y EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK] + @6 k# D5 i+ Y6 t9 {; ^6 r' \' b0 ? EXPORT TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler [WEAK] * s+ x3 u4 h6 d e1 m, B- T9 _ EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK] : t2 U& o. Y! M3 x/ z EXPORT DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler [WEAK] / _0 l- w9 B# _& }* }4 A EXPORT DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler [WEAK] ( A$ y2 `5 P% z# S EXPORT DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler [WEAK] 7 z- n0 v+ q; | EXPORT DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 I0 p7 \& y! y& k EXPORT DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler [WEAK] 7 C4 } J, n# I0 | EXPORT ETH_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 f2 z) w3 U F3 M. R6 q2 R7 u. C& c EXPORT ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] + \& h) }; y: B; A0 ?7 v3 D EXPORT CAN2_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK] 6 z6 _% T" T9 v4 h+ V. @ EXPORT CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK] & C8 l% D% d" B& f8 v4 { EXPORT CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK] ) ?( C% j9 o% G, N5 Q EXPORT CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 `; p& M0 n2 h! P+ X' D' ~% q EXPORT OTG_FS_IRQHandler [WEAK] $ C. Z: Y1 P, H8 m EXPORT DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler [WEAK] 4 j. ?3 n7 t$ {3 H8 ` EXPORT DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler [WEAK] + `2 q6 {. ~' ^1 u Z EXPORT DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler [WEAK] % v: L ]9 j) y EXPORT USART6_IRQHandler [WEAK] ( d! E, o2 `* i+ K EXPORT I2C3_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] $ h8 a! ]6 d& G EXPORT I2C3_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] % p9 N& j; B. `- {& A3 W" p EXPORT OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler [WEAK] : x6 j+ g* x. _ EXPORT OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler [WEAK] 7 d/ a+ E: S% _" ^ q EXPORT OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] 7 }% E# {! L: l, i8 r. @/ q EXPORT OTG_HS_IRQHandler [WEAK] + |# t( I6 }7 v( A6 ?2 I EXPORT DCMI_IRQHandler [WEAK] & C, z3 B4 a7 {! Y- m EXPORT CRYP_IRQHandler [WEAK] 9 x- P& i7 f6 e EXPORT HASH_RNG_IRQHandler [WEAK]/ X8 N* i: j7 p# e( q EXPORT FPU_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! B ^0 R: I% H1 q+ m3 A( I; o9 z& O6 g) R) Y) b7 Q WWDG_IRQHandler * o( [/ A6 j5 b4 R& ~ PVD_IRQHandler $ D. c% w0 A, d8 E8 _5 Z0 fTAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler $ B& L: ?, u7 x7 O0 E: @' X! N- i( qRTC_WKUP_IRQHandler 7 {5 ?, x. e0 @6 w/ k4 A FLASH_IRQHandler " A# e' P, q/ C& z, |' K RCC_IRQHandler $ X1 L7 H* F9 a! H8 p% @4 j/ D EXTI0_IRQHandler & w0 A& z$ ~$ ZEXTI1_IRQHandler 8 @' Q: ~: b4 kEXTI2_IRQHandler ) k, a$ J7 w$ ~1 c4 P) P EXTI3_IRQHandler 9 e1 u a) j A9 p% xEXTI4_IRQHandler * D; s! v5 y2 C0 d k DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler # { M$ f# F2 [& g3 `$ z; }DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler 9 b# W: c3 b+ a9 m/ N+ Z9 PDMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler k& w+ W& _1 G! U: {7 W2 Y$ W DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler ) o9 i. y0 a2 M! W+ C DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler . r; \: q( t' f/ }. H3 e* e% y DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler , T* a6 t3 K% a K$ EDMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler * P9 H* @2 x W9 B4 C4 C ADC_IRQHandler / G5 o7 V8 Y# W, D5 iCAN1_TX_IRQHandler " z! f1 R/ l( T9 R1 t2 @8 d: | CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler * \- T, h! d$ i' D4 Q- @2 |5 g! c CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler + a& }2 ~! [- `' V" ?CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ^1 [8 w% P( g1 h' Z4 S' _6 uEXTI9_5_IRQHandler + E1 @8 v1 ~3 `) `9 E$ S" e$ c TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler 1 b4 Y/ W8 L0 T C: J6 p TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler ' d5 p5 a( G1 \; o/ o TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler 9 G; W4 h: X. ^ e8 m TIM1_CC_IRQHandler 3 ~0 i8 D$ W+ V& ] TIM2_IRQHandler 1 V# J R/ s4 \% ~! S+ X! \ TIM3_IRQHandler 2 k- D3 T# K$ M: ^# sTIM4_IRQHandler * ]' O2 g: ], K. x+ P6 p1 h I2C1_EV_IRQHandler / |5 `1 S( @& f. J7 |I2C1_ER_IRQHandler . w1 E" [5 j/ uI2C2_EV_IRQHandler 4 n7 H7 G. K5 ^I2C2_ER_IRQHandler % G$ W! j p, p6 w SPI1_IRQHandler 7 d, H" e U- b6 _ SPI2_IRQHandler 8 C6 a" z. ?3 ~) W& f; k# Y% Z USART1_IRQHandler 9 ?3 m8 o' ]* ^) L- j/ V% H" q iUSART2_IRQHandler # L( x8 p1 x4 P( n USART3_IRQHandler - |8 n; ]$ Z& o; a9 iEXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; q% w6 T3 l4 p- ZRTC_Alarm_IRQHandler 0 E# Z% T; r% T5 m% s3 bOTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler : R8 D7 R9 S4 [, ]& T7 n TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler + D I4 D4 [. J" i8 {; g9 P TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler 0 z# H- j/ `& i: \ \* m# Y, K2 E TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler 2 k7 d: P$ Z* |TIM8_CC_IRQHandler , Q* C) y; @0 K6 I1 t' J2 y o DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler 1 d0 Z$ ]8 d! K# [% u FSMC_IRQHandler 3 u4 @1 L( _; b9 C% `6 JSDIO_IRQHandler ( m0 e% Q6 t: l Z+ B- w7 s TIM5_IRQHandler 1 n- L5 f0 x) V SPI3_IRQHandler 5 [7 p4 H! g: \$ ^UART4_IRQHandler 5 }9 ~: _& g1 d9 rUART5_IRQHandler 2 y0 k1 [2 X4 d( R) p8 d1 H# \ TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler 0 j' a; d+ u' N b6 O& [ TIM7_IRQHandler ; {$ k. q/ m& z0 l n+ \3 fDMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler " t- m* G9 N K4 k6 \DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler 2 Q9 K) y9 N+ t( d) }, S: v6 q9 zDMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler $ N, Y1 r1 ]: E. h DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler ' C% R$ a2 g) w% eDMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler ) V }# ~4 W% j; x ETH_IRQHandler 3 k. X+ I: {. U. @0 `1 UETH_WKUP_IRQHandler . B F3 ~, z6 Q& k5 x$ f7 U CAN2_TX_IRQHandler 6 t! ~: ^# F5 I& ?. e2 A2 c# z CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler 9 G8 r4 {" w, ^8 W: l$ q- D' ^CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler ! H& s4 ~1 K" [# R9 o. E CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler 0 m9 ^' W' T5 E" B/ C$ aOTG_FS_IRQHandler 9 z9 i8 X4 u; A9 Z; \DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler 9 x* b) f: S& _5 t/ n6 t" N* o3 N% } DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler . ?- f6 w8 Z9 CDMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler ( B+ S2 S4 q/ ]8 Q& ZUSART6_IRQHandler 3 `- S" |) N3 v1 lI2C3_EV_IRQHandler & s; M/ C: o. w) b2 D2 ?" @* a+ e/ E$ aI2C3_ER_IRQHandler , |/ U& B: |1 K+ O OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler 7 I$ t9 y8 T% C$ Y9 _$ ZOTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler 3 F* {6 ]% A2 r. c6 g+ v F OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler / V) D5 {% x. s5 W6 c$ T OTG_HS_IRQHandler 8 _% S) w! _% B; }, ]6 UDCMI_IRQHandler : r$ g+ D8 A( k: ^) B2 R7 o& DCRYP_IRQHandler ) n. L- z) p( b( FHASH_RNG_IRQHandler% N& ^: a# n) K. F+ A+ X FPU_IRQHandler0 k0 c9 W6 c1 j6 `2 j& {2 u + j; y/ x% e! T4 K+ \- i B .- J* D' c! T2 ?0 @& V$ g8 P 8 y) t0 H- }4 A& o6 b9 ? ENDP" @1 Z. b; }1 V6 \! D + m7 {1 v/ S6 T3 _! r ALIGN m4 u f' T. _, m, T 7 X L8 d, Z& s ]( ? ;*******************************************************************************- C, Q/ O4 W/ F$ D/ G$ M, V- M ; User Stack and Heap initialization 7 T5 s7 @9 W$ F0 A2 \$ h- f4 W6 C, e;*******************************************************************************) K7 x7 [( Q. z/ p3 z IF EF:__MICROLIB //这边判断是否使用微库 8 g1 _6 k, v& i# u& ? 8 w% G! G2 N4 {, K) x/ A7 b5 T EXPORT __initial_sp3 x* [* z+ Z0 p' L9 @0 @, O, T5 Y EXPORT __heap_base 2 K8 ]" \4 Z: i- F& f) R3 Z EXPORT __heap_limit: c" @0 M7 E! a- [! v8 h' }) y 9 ?) N: s$ k9 S1 g4 R+ r* N ELSE , b8 r6 o7 `- T) M 4 H. @7 p Z1 [7 I2 K' C. R IMPORT __use_two_region_memory" u1 z$ E$ R0 r8 y# ]* o! L, d2 m EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap1 q9 n" x+ C7 R, p7 O # G0 X9 F$ L9 j+ h8 C* R' h__user_initial_stackheap 1 |) t w8 b+ w0 ?" a: O+ _& w9 H: K- Y LDR R0, = Heap_Mem //分别将分别将栈顶地址，栈底地址，堆顶地址及堆基地址存放在寄存器R1，R3，R0，R2中。 ! z1 b% N: y' X1 v% c1 b8 _ LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size) 9 V* V2 w% o# r' t) H+ R8 A LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size)) E4 m6 n0 b! ~0 n G LDR R3, = Stack_Mem. i# ]0 U V7 W" I BX LR ) ~+ o0 Z- f* o' D4 r2 a$ ?$ }7 \$ B% e8 c- [2 M ALIGN: v! U3 |! L6 O0 v8 [5 x / d) t. l. K0 q ENDIF ! _6 P/ ^( v ]; y& y ( D4 ?, ^4 j' @0 e8 e END B4 W0 y7 f1 V# o% j! H

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rj2019 发布时间：2019-4-7 22:36

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启动代码在芯片上还是很重要的一部分，我们以F4的启动代码为例

下面启动代码里的汇编的注释已经去掉，添加的注释用 // 表示

/****************************************************************************/

0.分号“；”后的内容相当于C程序中的注释

1.标号的作用：标号必须顶格写，让汇编器计算程序转移的地址

2.伪指令
EQU    用于定义常数
LDR    被汇编器转换成一条“相对PC的加载指令”
BLX    转移到后面代表的地址
BX       转移到后面的地址
PROC，ENDP  表示一段程序的开始和结束

/****************************************************************************/

Stack_Size    EQU    0x00000400

            AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3  //定义一段叫STACK的数据段，并初始化为0，可读可写，以8字节对齐
Stack_Mem    SPACE Stack_Size                                  //开辟一个大小为1KB（0x0000400，以字节为单位）的内存空间命名为Stack_Mem
__initial_sp //__initial_sp是一个标号，在这里相当于栈顶地址

Heap_Size    EQU    0x00000200

            AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3  //定义一段HEAP数据段，不初始化为0，可读可写，8字节对齐
__heap_base       //堆的基地址
Heap_Mem       SPACE Heap_Size //开辟一段0.5KB的空间，命名为Heap_Mem
__heap_limit       //堆的结束地址

            PRESERVE8 //表示当前文件中的堆栈空间以8字节对齐
            THUMB       //使用YHUMB指令

            AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY //开辟一段数据段，只读，命名为RESET
            EXPORT  __Vectors                //EXPORT表示可被外部调用
            EXPORT  __Vectors_End
            EXPORT  __Vectors_Size

__Vectors    DCD    __initial_sp             ; Top of Stack    //DCD表示分配一个四字节的空间
            DCD    Reset_Handler             ; Reset Handler
            DCD    NMI_Handler             ; NMI Handler
            DCD    HardFault_Handler       ; Hard Fault Handler
                           .
                           .                //中间部分省略，这一段定义的是中断向量表

                           .
            DCD    DCMI_IRQHandler                ; DCMI
            DCD    CRYP_IRQHandler                ; CRYP crypto
            DCD    HASH_RNG_IRQHandler             ; Hash and Rng
            DCD    FPU_IRQHandler                   ; FPU

__Vectors_End

__Vectors_Size  EQU  __Vectors_End - __Vectors             //向量表的大小为最后的地址减去开始的地址，为188字节

            AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY             //定义一段代码段，只读

Reset_Handler PROC                                  //这一段定义复位中断服务函数
               EXPORT  Reset_Handler          [WEAK]    //[WEAK]为弱定义，表示如果在该文件外还有和这个相同的标号，则优先执行外部的，这样我们的中断服务函数就可以在文件中的任意位置放置
      IMPORT  SystemInit                               //IMPORT表示从外部引用 SystemInit（在system_stm32f4文件内）
      IMPORT  __main                                     //__main为C库中的函数，会完成一系列的配置，最终调用用户写的main函数

               LDR    R0, =SystemInit                //将SystemInit地址加载到R0寄存器
               BLX    R0                                     //相当于执行上面加载的函数
               LDR    R0, =__main             //将__main地址加载到R0寄存器
               BX    R0                               //执行上面加载的函数
               ENDP

; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)

NMI_Handler    PROC                         //NMI_Handler为不可屏蔽中断
            EXPORT  NMI_Handler             [WEAK]
            B    .                                     //如果这个中断服务函数在外部没有定义，就会进入启动文件默认的中断服务函数B . 表示死循环，
            ENDP                                     //可以用仿真器实际操作一下，下面的和这里的一样
HardFault_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  HardFault_Handler       [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
MemManage_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  MemManage_Handler       [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  BusFault_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  UsageFault_Handler       [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
SVC_Handler    PROC
            EXPORT  SVC_Handler             [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  DebugMon_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
PendSV_Handler  PROC
            EXPORT  PendSV_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
            EXPORT  SysTick_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP

Default_Handler PROC

            EXPORT  WWDG_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  PVD_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  FLASH_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  RCC_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI0_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI1_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI4_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  ADC_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_TX_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI9_5_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_CC_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM4_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C1_EV_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C1_ER_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C2_EV_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C2_ER_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SPI1_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SPI2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART1_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI15_10_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_CC_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  FSMC_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SDIO_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM5_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SPI3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  UART4_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  UART5_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM7_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  ETH_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_TX_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_FS_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART6_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C3_EV_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C3_ER_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DCMI_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CRYP_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  HASH_RNG_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  FPU_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]

WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler
RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler
ADC_IRQHandler
CAN1_TX_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler
OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler
TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler
TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler
TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler
TIM8_CC_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler
FSMC_IRQHandler
SDIO_IRQHandler
TIM5_IRQHandler
SPI3_IRQHandler
UART4_IRQHandler
UART5_IRQHandler
TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler
TIM7_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler
ETH_IRQHandler
ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler
CAN2_TX_IRQHandler
CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler
OTG_FS_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler
USART6_IRQHandler
I2C3_EV_IRQHandler
I2C3_ER_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_IRQHandler
DCMI_IRQHandler
CRYP_IRQHandler
HASH_RNG_IRQHandler
FPU_IRQHandler

            B    .

            ENDP

            ALIGN

;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
               IF

EF:__MICROLIB          //这边判断是否使用微库

               EXPORT  __initial_sp
               EXPORT  __heap_base
               EXPORT  __heap_limit

               ELSE

               IMPORT  __use_two_region_memory
               EXPORT  __user_initial_stackheap

__user_initial_stackheap

               LDR    R0, =  Heap_Mem                   //分别将分别将栈顶地址，栈底地址，堆顶地址及堆基地址存放在寄存器R1，R3，R0，R2中。
               LDR    R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
               LDR    R2, = (Heap_Mem +  Heap_Size)
               LDR    R3, = Stack_Mem
               BX    LR

               ALIGN

               ENDIF

               END