stm32启动代码分析

rj2019 · 2019-04-07T14:36:54+00:00

启动代码在芯片上还是很重要的一部分，我们以F4的启动代码为例 7 R) b+ ^6 W3 X1 _( _. m3 B' {2 Q( k) K 下面启动代码里的汇编的注释已经去掉，添加的注释用 // 表示 % [7 a" N! p/ j7 T ; E6 h$ z8 h/ u$ t% u* K/****************************************************************************/) g1 i* q; M- v) T6 q @) n7 Q( Z & ~/ M" s l5 ^2 f0 C % E, E$ d$ ~1 Q. v# t 0.分号“；”后的内容相当于C程序中的注释" s5 n4 e( X- y* u% g$ @* ]9 X- u * X1 p7 R2 t% Q. q) v6 P . t" h5 @( [! K5 K! J8 W/ i1.标号的作用：标号必须顶格写，让汇编器计算程序转移的地址7 k$ @! S% [, R, L $ M) Z' r4 F/ t& a1 u1 p' z $ N' d8 t+ ?, V( n' Z 2.伪指令1 P: \: T1 {: L: o EQU 用于定义常数0 _- {# ^+ t9 D& ` LDR 被汇编器转换成一条“相对PC的加载指令”1 \' v+ z) ?3 C Z' B BLX 转移到后面代表的地址 + A9 T% S5 J6 T. K. o$ [+ L BX 转移到后面的地址, P0 V9 Q1 @8 B$ J/ a; x M PROC，ENDP 表示一段程序的开始和结束 0 M$ T( \- ]# v; S) {" C, c ' I- K6 F! s; Z* f* D9 o( |8 o' L1 J# @. ^ /****************************************************************************/ 2 F. w& O+ E4 t: | i; G0 K& W/ t' E" P5 ]' N Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 % d! L' C- [* E; F $ L9 i7 }( I7 ]* z& C Z0 i4 X: k AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //定义一段叫STACK的数据段，并初始化为0，可读可写，以8字节对齐 7 F' j. \0 }1 @1 v7 BStack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size //开辟一个大小为1KB（0x0000400，以字节为单位）的内存空间命名为Stack_Mem. K+ l+ B/ u+ h" k; K8 J3 \# i3 P __initial_sp //__initial_sp是一个标号，在这里相当于栈顶地址 - ~/ i: G! [( {) a3 X" q9 Q8 C3 b c% k; t* ~% y$ @ Heap_Size EQU 0x000002001 o2 r+ y. O. t( ]3 \0 f 6 Q9 [) E3 |) s: n) N4 R$ }3 N1 m AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 //定义一段HEAP数据段，不初始化为0，可读可写，8字节对齐 7 |7 M* L- E' h/ A__heap_base //堆的基地址0 ^6 H$ S% h$ x Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size //开辟一段0.5KB的空间，命名为Heap_Mem [* n2 j* g! W9 V__heap_limit //堆的结束地址0 K" {' O: R5 V# b- Q $ s* w& J+ W4 W H PRESERVE8 //表示当前文件中的堆栈空间以8字节对齐 ( A$ J* N2 ~+ ^+ } THUMB //使用YHUMB指令 ' L4 ]* l# B! ], k3 V& I* @3 B0 C6 a/ L5 i( K; r) [: r 6 V4 J! E- H( b, w$ l |5 z- A! o AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY //开辟一段数据段，只读，命名为RESET % f+ A" s9 a6 b; B1 o/ J EXPORT __Vectors //EXPORT表示可被外部调用: B. Y+ ^3 Y. d EXPORT __Vectors_End5 U4 D# J& l' h% u. h EXPORT __Vectors_Size 9 z3 Y- Q) V1 E+ A/ p2 K* v: ?1 b) w __Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack //DCD表示分配一个四字节的空间 . w: D8 W" w; h/ U. H# O: X DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler ' `6 M6 P% ]& l DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler. u3 \* m$ F3 Y DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler " A7 P( z' c w .3 [- H" S: t& y1 j . //中间部分省略，这一段定义的是中断向量表2 T2 M- i+ L1 X0 u8 D4 g % x; x1 R. [& ~1 F! s* W$ h& p . 2 l3 t/ N! p* X3 X7 N! I( t! t DCD DCMI_IRQHandler ; DCMI 5 P6 r0 U$ A5 S( I9 l DCD CRYP_IRQHandler ; CRYP crypto 7 I* m/ v; o3 T7 ?" F1 @ e DCD HASH_RNG_IRQHandler ; Hash and Rng4 D- m+ w- X. S! C/ K& k DCD FPU_IRQHandler ; FPU % T( i/ ^( @& j0 a / Y& d1 o0 ?1 k& H0 E% ___Vectors_End8 b/ _$ K# ~! h2 V7 q , V$ O6 R! S: A, S8 S# _6 R& p __Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors //向量表的大小为最后的地址减去开始的地址，为188字节 * `/ G0 q' F# t# R; S ! J( X+ C0 \8 {$ z* M. a4 S AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY //定义一段代码段，只读 " `, h6 M' M5 C7 @ ! n: G0 `2 h* |- F" @" d- n. D0 P( A: | Reset_Handler PROC //这一段定义复位中断服务函数+ ?; c/ F( h) e EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] //[WEAK]为弱定义，表示如果在该文件外还有和这个相同的标号，则优先执行外部的，这样我们的中断服务函数就可以在文件中的任意位置放置' X0 n1 {! o! [+ M# I% N; [ IMPORT SystemInit //IMPORT表示从外部引用 SystemInit（在system_stm32f4文件内） ' o0 C' \/ E( U5 F. J IMPORT __main //__main为C库中的函数，会完成一系列的配置，最终调用用户写的main函数 ! m8 u5 z9 w- W& G. _+ ]1 \$ L9 L. e [0 D LDR R0, =SystemInit //将SystemInit地址加载到R0寄存器 + B' H# A' u J6 R8 u. k BLX R0 //相当于执行上面加载的函数/ L+ s4 T- ^/ v* x6 k4 t6 { LDR R0, =__main //将__main地址加载到R0寄存器 R! ^) m& N, @; ` BX R0 //执行上面加载的函数 9 L' q$ h, |- K0 v ENDP! Z N5 A8 W( \$ u ( n$ u% |8 _* L3 Q, ?/ R+ V d; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)# D o1 ^. r5 L- U I1 G+ g! U, b3 J, D0 E NMI_Handler PROC //NMI_Handler为不可屏蔽中断* q/ r. |& g7 z; Z EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK]- h$ `8 \8 O0 ~ B . //如果这个中断服务函数在外部没有定义，就会进入启动文件默认的中断服务函数B . 表示死循环，' s6 W$ D o( L6 i2 M/ R ENDP //可以用仿真器实际操作一下，下面的和这里的一样 " j" s! ^5 h5 p2 d1 `HardFault_Handler\ - P8 S) J/ U% ~) |& g3 z PROC* |* W- I& ?$ ?" M( k4 @ EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK]6 K9 [& m+ e$ r' k B . 2 h5 {2 C! F* k: [3 O* B ENDP ( \* i' F9 B! @0 C# z" r: k9 I& D H) g% ZMemManage_Handler\ 3 w+ q( O8 s* r* L2 S: V PROC: ^1 \+ Z* [, s. j, u0 {2 m8 d EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK] 3 i5 N2 \! O- `7 A9 r$ q B .5 O$ @! T/ P! V( [8 w! o# |# j ENDP& G' K$ r# @9 l2 f! @1 ]. ]/ b4 ~+ W, q( V BusFault_Handler\ & r1 \1 y9 a+ ? PROC5 x8 T `: ^6 _: |4 x EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK]: h/ ?& G& x3 V% ^6 d( K0 T B .. R; f' d- |; T1 D/ x3 w" ]: J ENDP {0 i$ r$ y: w& }& F: oUsageFault_Handler\ 9 k' e1 W! T! K: M3 Z: F% L PROC6 O8 b9 Z. @' O3 z3 |7 b EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK] 0 S6 I3 K0 h6 o/ E8 V B . & K$ I N$ |! ?; K. I k ENDP 7 j4 u. Y$ R0 m6 b' K2 DSVC_Handler PROC w( [' h l! B% x2 ~ EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK] 9 J6 t( Z6 U8 |9 u+ C! E B . 3 g9 z8 O3 |8 M5 m3 }: T ENDP7 w% \: p Z, O0 N DebugMon_Handler\/ B# s8 x6 B" Q% w, _4 m9 f% t PROC # e5 ]3 ~$ P. [* p EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK]. o5 ^ [7 B+ f B . & G) H( D) I% U" b0 k9 `% H- z ENDP* P6 g4 ^* ^ A \4 k9 ~$ W PendSV_Handler PROC+ \0 e5 [; N$ d) T7 B7 P; v+ z EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK] v9 r6 y R% [$ F1 v' b: \ B . : O: Y H( U# y- r9 T! R ENDP : r. o; `* N3 c/ L8 y7 K3 {SysTick_Handler PROC 5 E/ k; ?( f) }; N: Z; \' X% Y EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK] 3 N! c. _6 }/ Y8 r B .6 ]! Z) x+ b K- S$ [ ENDP1 R8 k: C0 f9 q: J: k- E. u ' X; g! E* q2 O+ O0 i4 l. ]0 g+ L Default_Handler PROC " L; A6 U3 y% W0 ]6 T/ G/ e9 y6 z) r1 c6 h1 Q EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK] + o; }- `7 a- [0 ~( Z) n4 s v n EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK] ) v2 E _" D" F# i0 Z- j0 m EXPORT TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler [WEAK] 2 r5 x( x5 z5 ~" q7 s EXPORT RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] 6 s% k$ ?3 A& `" O1 F EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK] % a" @3 H3 }6 @# p' r) T' W% T EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK] # k' L/ t% {5 G) C3 T EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! j, _8 V9 }6 ~' i3 ~. V EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 D3 O! c/ i1 j: k( \' I8 h, {, O EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] ; E3 i! g: y9 N# |/ A3 x% y* [% ~ EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] ' a) A% l) Z6 K/ d8 ^ EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK] : b6 G) A6 ?9 z" _ EXPORT DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler [WEAK] ' y+ ^; C1 @4 |7 T [ EXPORT DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! X) |0 W1 M: r% D" Z EXPORT DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 R' T' A7 B) w/ _3 | EXPORT DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler [WEAK] + I/ ]& }7 U( B; ^& q EXPORT DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 E+ b& o% B( e; F9 ^9 M( { EXPORT DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler [WEAK] & a2 i. L& m% B1 W EXPORT DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler [WEAK] / D; \7 u# f# X EXPORT ADC_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 k& I* {6 `+ S/ N1 N+ O1 x+ Y- d EXPORT CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 [- v! j; v! H) J EXPORT CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK] ' b& b. X9 y, u8 o/ K0 J- a; r8 L EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK] % h* ^2 ^5 a1 C+ _2 | EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 b" T% T" N# G& \; `7 v: C. A EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK] , c# ?# Q4 b. |# G d$ W; r EXPORT TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler [WEAK] , S: D% F7 o6 W! ~ EXPORT TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler [WEAK] $ r) f* n `8 Y4 ]! R EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler [WEAK] $ ~, c2 e4 e3 E4 F, h0 j' X; @ EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] . }! D S/ L6 `1 Z! H EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK] 8 G) `/ c. ]1 T o/ E, p EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK] % B/ i! t) @4 {5 w; m! P EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK] * y3 z0 m1 m8 n# ~( h EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 K2 Y$ u2 U0 ? f EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] / n( A$ x( z( A n! L EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] & l s# ~4 e4 V, }/ w6 ?, Z$ I( B EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] : b. w: \) e7 A/ F" e* I& t EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] 3 {) ?# \# t& d, z* d- h& Q/ F EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 ]( T! q* e4 }) j: h+ s EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK] ' R0 O Q4 w' [ b- W EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK] 6 z& m$ C+ R6 R, ~# R( g5 w) |6 H EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK] 0 [8 s9 G' Y6 O7 P EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! W& W0 E( e8 B1 i% U& N) D7 B EXPORT RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! t l5 V! {( h* P$ }/ g EXPORT OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] ' R9 n4 @# g7 M; s" x# B# h; g EXPORT TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler [WEAK] 1 Q0 m3 ?# I6 }7 ]( \/ p8 F EXPORT TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 I( f# `- }2 ~. a1 `2 T EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler [WEAK] 9 d2 E. Q: M4 q. }, f+ a EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] 4 C# A9 {( p5 a' I* B5 Z1 |5 w3 Q EXPORT DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler [WEAK] ( S+ x7 @/ t( u7 }. b% C. q$ ?1 U EXPORT FSMC_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! K- {. a9 U8 R8 I EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 T M; Q: _3 l8 I EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK] 3 ~5 R o% [8 k* c$ C EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] * m; `$ Z5 |" O. i EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK] L& K. O6 h, q( G9 l EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK] 6 m; t/ H5 L! L/ F6 H+ L. o EXPORT TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler [WEAK] : E" e$ ^' Y# `; }- x3 ]1 b EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK] # S$ L+ Q/ M4 o EXPORT DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler [WEAK] * Z o# i" V" | c0 t: q EXPORT DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler [WEAK] ! U0 M0 j1 ]5 P0 ~# j( L" X EXPORT DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler [WEAK] 4 e, I" ~2 j$ w. [" g0 D EXPORT DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler [WEAK] / _. K' a$ I& u7 W( [% c% e0 I EXPORT DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler [WEAK] # ^5 J! b( p- Q/ {! [ EXPORT ETH_IRQHandler [WEAK] - |# f) Q0 _3 i8 W EXPORT ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] 2 g7 u4 x+ a2 L# Y$ v EXPORT CAN2_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK] 9 b- U0 f/ ~& P8 d0 G' M EXPORT CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK] % Y! ] R2 {0 N) A7 [5 r, _ EXPORT CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK] ) R' T! J9 ^$ Q* ? ~ EXPORT CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK] - j9 Y" E' d# \: W EXPORT OTG_FS_IRQHandler [WEAK] * K$ z, [7 T- V' z* q3 j7 \; Q7 }7 V EXPORT DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler [WEAK] z' L( t) Z! Y, W EXPORT DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler [WEAK] ; ] Y6 F2 ^' E8 e* \7 z6 R/ ~; ^ EXPORT DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler [WEAK] , E+ l9 H; \; s$ M u# \ EXPORT USART6_IRQHandler [WEAK] . \$ @6 e& ^: }! E EXPORT I2C3_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] 1 `) i% ]: A7 h( K |" J4 }9 i% w EXPORT I2C3_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] - W# U3 m& }3 l" q% a EXPORT OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler [WEAK] % T' f4 @. r0 I EXPORT OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 E. x+ t- J# [! _ EXPORT OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler [WEAK] $ u' J3 y! [( I0 L) z/ N EXPORT OTG_HS_IRQHandler [WEAK] 1 E3 k5 f) m+ x EXPORT DCMI_IRQHandler [WEAK] 2 ^8 h6 }" t% `+ p) t4 | EXPORT CRYP_IRQHandler [WEAK] 5 M" l* d" o* H- I& }5 a6 u EXPORT HASH_RNG_IRQHandler [WEAK] ; H) i3 J0 \+ h EXPORT FPU_IRQHandler [WEAK]7 I! Y; a' x% q0 l' n : j( D3 A2 O4 L WWDG_IRQHandler 8 `) l; h# f! GPVD_IRQHandler / r/ e' i9 E, W+ A' |. tTAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler 3 k3 K. `! `4 O4 E4 t5 h M RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler 8 f; P: t7 I' t# |% w3 AFLASH_IRQHandler 4 g* n3 g' q0 J6 ?" |+ u RCC_IRQHandler ' H. A/ {9 T6 ]& ?* LEXTI0_IRQHandler " x2 x+ n9 }( e. f/ jEXTI1_IRQHandler $ B4 \ H3 S3 X: r$ [2 b EXTI2_IRQHandler ; @5 j, s/ x, U( {$ } EXTI3_IRQHandler ( ^6 s( z. f8 C- n! p2 n9 ~3 }EXTI4_IRQHandler & W1 _3 v, m: S$ o. Y4 cDMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler 3 E9 {+ p8 \2 `& M0 h# Z7 t DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler / O, S9 o( W/ E3 C6 ?2 B DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler 1 }, `9 L$ J( d( T; h DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler 5 Z z1 w& P8 B4 r3 E* J lDMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler 7 e0 |- i* b7 w' P/ Z% A DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler $ _$ e; Y) O) C& }* x; j6 N$ n DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler # ~: `% }6 D. E1 P+ C; XADC_IRQHandler ) Z( o6 x+ z4 o. V3 UCAN1_TX_IRQHandler 0 [( i4 V% P( n6 ]# h# ~! j. h# VCAN1_RX0_IRQHandler 5 L& X0 P7 M3 x6 s" z( P CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler $ g" z* \; x# Z5 {' ~% G- I$ O+ jCAN1_SCE_IRQHandler & K' z" ]! K; b* jEXTI9_5_IRQHandler 9 v1 D8 H9 T0 f- `* _TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler ; c7 [ x' O# H- s' s" ]7 Z5 E4 @* DTIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler + F" O9 }& d5 W& R0 p$ KTIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler / ?; z4 H" o% S+ [7 mTIM1_CC_IRQHandler ( H- T8 e5 p: k/ X- u TIM2_IRQHandler " y& q. M0 V! M. Y' E% VTIM3_IRQHandler . Z7 K+ H: ]8 @7 tTIM4_IRQHandler / }# k& v1 k9 o% {, r, ?9 T' D& TI2C1_EV_IRQHandler ( o9 P# c/ z0 y* j! |I2C1_ER_IRQHandler - x+ p0 ~) N/ T1 T% ]7 aI2C2_EV_IRQHandler ' s# M/ K, j( f' t' Z I2C2_ER_IRQHandler 0 G( l t @4 S4 Z+ Y& S. d9 RSPI1_IRQHandler 7 t# _1 b w6 B7 [- N6 n3 { SPI2_IRQHandler ! y* v1 g0 t( m2 B# y USART1_IRQHandler 6 V, U+ a3 ~- { USART2_IRQHandler 6 @7 r: h$ W6 K: @ z$ i5 O# SUSART3_IRQHandler 6 c) Q0 J5 L0 H0 a( Q x! WEXTI15_10_IRQHandler 8 P4 e" K% W1 oRTC_Alarm_IRQHandler , C2 z2 T1 b/ u7 H$ OOTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler ' T- f; X; S1 t, O: s TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler # [% b! v! Z8 U) KTIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler - F, `1 A0 o* j* f f TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler 1 [8 G7 x; R! j) e TIM8_CC_IRQHandler 6 D/ @. O# ]% F+ w ?! @. r" Z) f4 XDMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler * L3 m" K: T" Z, U$ OFSMC_IRQHandler # g) a4 A) M1 @8 i8 X% e I4 F) e3 uSDIO_IRQHandler / P# ?! I0 |6 f! `TIM5_IRQHandler 0 I* o1 [+ C; W) j6 V) f+ ]' QSPI3_IRQHandler 4 m. U$ u# r, z1 y* U- C4 G4 P UART4_IRQHandler 5 |* p: m, r& z+ i. i9 [" q& nUART5_IRQHandler 0 i# p: Z$ k( e/ |3 PTIM6_DAC_IRQHandler + q$ F4 S; B! W I5 a3 R TIM7_IRQHandler & ~' q; ~* |1 ?, `0 `2 i DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler 3 y& @/ `) a3 ]* C& N DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler " h% j/ J# _# y% o' c. `& J DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler , L+ i, `/ i2 p8 {3 ~$ d DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler 7 A8 ]. n4 L4 n2 q& t+ e DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler M6 U$ n- t; A/ E2 R ETH_IRQHandler / D5 b2 ?) @3 \% W/ m( g& UETH_WKUP_IRQHandler # X; T3 _7 q4 x- M4 D6 s CAN2_TX_IRQHandler W: n: i: B* v+ u/ ?CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler 5 x* K, \" g9 L) o3 f CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler 6 K7 Z" i# c; f2 D3 N, t1 ~( W* {. {9 { CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler # V6 O* j+ R/ z- u# G) V4 a OTG_FS_IRQHandler 9 [# ?2 _( \- d7 ~; BDMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler 0 X2 ]4 G: Y+ x# n DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler # v/ }( @' U7 a$ ~ DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler ' ~ O0 m* ~4 m0 m# [$ hUSART6_IRQHandler 0 Z4 O( U9 G/ O2 CI2C3_EV_IRQHandler 5 s$ o6 {- M E) {3 E# B* l& a7 q I2C3_ER_IRQHandler ( `- N& y L+ h) c7 T6 ^OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler " D/ f7 \ n/ TOTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler + \; c0 g6 S! l# j OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler + P' x) E2 q Q9 Y d6 BOTG_HS_IRQHandler - S$ p4 N7 u: t. g- y; ]0 } DCMI_IRQHandler . ~& J4 p6 M8 o: o CRYP_IRQHandler + K. c; }" h) g0 i HASH_RNG_IRQHandler& F2 O3 D% m' `& R FPU_IRQHandler8 z. b$ L9 `* Q5 V, K! y! b$ q 7 A7 Q% P; g: ]% B B . * ^* S- P8 V7 ~& V( }: \1 _) z5 L' V/ |1 b- d0 O+ m9 `4 H ENDP 0 t3 O: B: W/ f u 8 q+ P* V. ~. D) y& W% t ALIGN' [3 S7 h/ e: a9 Z/ } ; |8 T# |# T1 S) d ;******************************************************************************* * e% m4 l7 H7 c; User Stack and Heap initialization9 q8 b3 d& S( P# o, W/ P ;*******************************************************************************# {: J* y0 _- c: h5 g' u2 G IF EF:__MICROLIB //这边判断是否使用微库 2 K; p! @* I( u4 V/ d* |, }% r & r" _7 u2 Z( V& W EXPORT __initial_sp 7 ?3 b3 ^" H7 B6 [ EXPORT __heap_base ; Y( s$ L5 x0 o EXPORT __heap_limit a4 z( O3 M) R3 J' D% }# N 5 A: K* K0 x2 L ELSE% L0 y( A; R" z) E3 H6 e8 r9 ?+ N! C , w; x. C$ \8 ?7 e. S IMPORT __use_two_region_memory9 t5 m% P5 Y' l9 Y EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap, M. s$ k/ q: t% U* e7 d' X3 l 0 U6 ^2 ?: U8 {# N( a. f/ R( x( Q% C0 N __user_initial_stackheap5 |' J" C' K* _ U; k3 K& S7 Y 4 h) m! a/ a/ Q" J3 b LDR R0, = Heap_Mem //分别将分别将栈顶地址，栈底地址，堆顶地址及堆基地址存放在寄存器R1，R3，R0，R2中。 0 t. @; z) C; r& U0 t9 ^4 N1 W) j LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)7 W9 q p2 i6 @: H& u1 {' m5 R& A LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size) 9 C5 o7 Q9 `$ m5 U( j$ a1 n6 ^4 | LDR R3, = Stack_Mem 3 }& E- v& Y J9 Q: ~ BX LR& K2 `) r4 P$ P8 ^7 b , u! t; M0 N! W1 D! l7 `! b; O ALIGN - d1 O; S l& J9 _# s ; ~3 ^& ^9 i. P$ b6 _ ENDIF8 M) s4 G5 X; C. k% N / z+ I. |, m5 B' w) F END 7 W1 x- O6 x* F7 g

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rj2019 发布时间：2019-4-7 22:36

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启动代码在芯片上还是很重要的一部分，我们以F4的启动代码为例

下面启动代码里的汇编的注释已经去掉，添加的注释用 // 表示

/****************************************************************************/

0.分号“；”后的内容相当于C程序中的注释

1.标号的作用：标号必须顶格写，让汇编器计算程序转移的地址

2.伪指令
EQU    用于定义常数
LDR    被汇编器转换成一条“相对PC的加载指令”
BLX    转移到后面代表的地址
BX       转移到后面的地址
PROC，ENDP  表示一段程序的开始和结束

/****************************************************************************/

Stack_Size    EQU    0x00000400

            AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3  //定义一段叫STACK的数据段，并初始化为0，可读可写，以8字节对齐
Stack_Mem    SPACE Stack_Size                                  //开辟一个大小为1KB（0x0000400，以字节为单位）的内存空间命名为Stack_Mem
__initial_sp //__initial_sp是一个标号，在这里相当于栈顶地址

Heap_Size    EQU    0x00000200

            AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3  //定义一段HEAP数据段，不初始化为0，可读可写，8字节对齐
__heap_base       //堆的基地址
Heap_Mem       SPACE Heap_Size //开辟一段0.5KB的空间，命名为Heap_Mem
__heap_limit       //堆的结束地址

            PRESERVE8 //表示当前文件中的堆栈空间以8字节对齐
            THUMB       //使用YHUMB指令

            AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY //开辟一段数据段，只读，命名为RESET
            EXPORT  __Vectors                //EXPORT表示可被外部调用
            EXPORT  __Vectors_End
            EXPORT  __Vectors_Size

__Vectors    DCD    __initial_sp             ; Top of Stack    //DCD表示分配一个四字节的空间
            DCD    Reset_Handler             ; Reset Handler
            DCD    NMI_Handler             ; NMI Handler
            DCD    HardFault_Handler       ; Hard Fault Handler
                           .
                           .                //中间部分省略，这一段定义的是中断向量表

                           .
            DCD    DCMI_IRQHandler                ; DCMI
            DCD    CRYP_IRQHandler                ; CRYP crypto
            DCD    HASH_RNG_IRQHandler             ; Hash and Rng
            DCD    FPU_IRQHandler                   ; FPU

__Vectors_End

__Vectors_Size  EQU  __Vectors_End - __Vectors             //向量表的大小为最后的地址减去开始的地址，为188字节

            AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY             //定义一段代码段，只读

Reset_Handler PROC                                  //这一段定义复位中断服务函数
               EXPORT  Reset_Handler          [WEAK]    //[WEAK]为弱定义，表示如果在该文件外还有和这个相同的标号，则优先执行外部的，这样我们的中断服务函数就可以在文件中的任意位置放置
      IMPORT  SystemInit                               //IMPORT表示从外部引用 SystemInit（在system_stm32f4文件内）
      IMPORT  __main                                     //__main为C库中的函数，会完成一系列的配置，最终调用用户写的main函数

               LDR    R0, =SystemInit                //将SystemInit地址加载到R0寄存器
               BLX    R0                                     //相当于执行上面加载的函数
               LDR    R0, =__main             //将__main地址加载到R0寄存器
               BX    R0                               //执行上面加载的函数
               ENDP

; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified)

NMI_Handler    PROC                         //NMI_Handler为不可屏蔽中断
            EXPORT  NMI_Handler             [WEAK]
            B    .                                     //如果这个中断服务函数在外部没有定义，就会进入启动文件默认的中断服务函数B . 表示死循环，
            ENDP                                     //可以用仿真器实际操作一下，下面的和这里的一样
HardFault_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  HardFault_Handler       [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
MemManage_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  MemManage_Handler       [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
BusFault_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  BusFault_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
UsageFault_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  UsageFault_Handler       [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
SVC_Handler    PROC
            EXPORT  SVC_Handler             [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
DebugMon_Handler\
            PROC
            EXPORT  DebugMon_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
PendSV_Handler  PROC
            EXPORT  PendSV_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP
SysTick_Handler PROC
            EXPORT  SysTick_Handler          [WEAK]
            B    .
            ENDP

Default_Handler PROC

            EXPORT  WWDG_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  PVD_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  FLASH_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  RCC_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI0_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI1_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI4_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  ADC_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_TX_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI9_5_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM1_CC_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM4_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C1_EV_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C1_ER_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C2_EV_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C2_ER_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SPI1_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SPI2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART1_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART2_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  EXTI15_10_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler    [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM8_CC_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  FSMC_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SDIO_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM5_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  SPI3_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  UART4_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  UART5_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  TIM7_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  ETH_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]
            EXPORT  ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_TX_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_FS_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  USART6_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C3_EV_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  I2C3_ER_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler       [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler          [WEAK]
            EXPORT  OTG_HS_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  DCMI_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  CRYP_IRQHandler                [WEAK]
            EXPORT  HASH_RNG_IRQHandler             [WEAK]
            EXPORT  FPU_IRQHandler                   [WEAK]

WWDG_IRQHandler
PVD_IRQHandler
TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler
RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler
FLASH_IRQHandler
RCC_IRQHandler
EXTI0_IRQHandler
EXTI1_IRQHandler
EXTI2_IRQHandler
EXTI3_IRQHandler
EXTI4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream0_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream1_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream2_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream3_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream4_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler
ADC_IRQHandler
CAN1_TX_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler
EXTI9_5_IRQHandler
TIM1_BRK_TIM9_IRQHandler
TIM1_UP_TIM10_IRQHandler
TIM1_TRG_COM_TIM11_IRQHandler
TIM1_CC_IRQHandler
TIM2_IRQHandler
TIM3_IRQHandler
TIM4_IRQHandler
I2C1_EV_IRQHandler
I2C1_ER_IRQHandler
I2C2_EV_IRQHandler
I2C2_ER_IRQHandler
SPI1_IRQHandler
SPI2_IRQHandler
USART1_IRQHandler
USART2_IRQHandler
USART3_IRQHandler
EXTI15_10_IRQHandler
RTC_Alarm_IRQHandler
OTG_FS_WKUP_IRQHandler
TIM8_BRK_TIM12_IRQHandler
TIM8_UP_TIM13_IRQHandler
TIM8_TRG_COM_TIM14_IRQHandler
TIM8_CC_IRQHandler
DMA1_Stream7_IRQHandler
FSMC_IRQHandler
SDIO_IRQHandler
TIM5_IRQHandler
SPI3_IRQHandler
UART4_IRQHandler
UART5_IRQHandler
TIM6_DAC_IRQHandler
TIM7_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream0_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream2_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream4_IRQHandler
ETH_IRQHandler
ETH_WKUP_IRQHandler
CAN2_TX_IRQHandler
CAN2_RX0_IRQHandler
CAN2_RX1_IRQHandler
CAN2_SCE_IRQHandler
OTG_FS_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream5_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler
DMA2_Stream7_IRQHandler
USART6_IRQHandler
I2C3_EV_IRQHandler
I2C3_ER_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_EP1_OUT_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_EP1_IN_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_WKUP_IRQHandler
OTG_HS_IRQHandler
DCMI_IRQHandler
CRYP_IRQHandler
HASH_RNG_IRQHandler
FPU_IRQHandler

            B    .

            ENDP

            ALIGN

;*******************************************************************************
; User Stack and Heap initialization
;*******************************************************************************
               IF

EF:__MICROLIB          //这边判断是否使用微库

               EXPORT  __initial_sp
               EXPORT  __heap_base
               EXPORT  __heap_limit

               ELSE

               IMPORT  __use_two_region_memory
               EXPORT  __user_initial_stackheap

__user_initial_stackheap

               LDR    R0, =  Heap_Mem                   //分别将分别将栈顶地址，栈底地址，堆顶地址及堆基地址存放在寄存器R1，R3，R0，R2中。
               LDR    R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size)
               LDR    R2, = (Heap_Mem +  Heap_Size)
               LDR    R3, = Stack_Mem
               BX    LR

               ALIGN

               ENDIF

               END