本文讲述基于STM32G070进行ADC多通道采集，并分别介绍非DMA方式和DMA方式。
* |/ l% T, i' P  Z1. 非DMA方式采集
/ c. i6 {9 x  C  e( XADC初始化代码如下（使用STM32CubeMx自动生成），配置了3个通道：
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1. static void MX_ADC1_Init(void)
   
2. {
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3. 
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4.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 0 */
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5. 
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6.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 0 */
   
7. 
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8.   ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};
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9. 
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10.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 1 */
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11. 
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12.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 1 */
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13.   /** Configure the global features of the ADC (Clock, Resolution, Data Alignment and number of conversion)
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14.   */
    
15.   hadc1.Instance = ADC1;
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16.   hadc1.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_SYNC_PCLK_DIV2;
    
17.   hadc1.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
    
18.   hadc1.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
    
19.   hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_ENABLE;
    
20.   hadc1.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
    
21.   hadc1.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
    
22.   hadc1.Init.LowPowerAutoPowerOff = DISABLE;
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23.   hadc1.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
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24.   hadc1.Init.NbrOfConversion = 3;
    
25.   hadc1.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
    
26.   hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
    
27.   hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
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28.   hadc1.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE;
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29.   hadc1.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_PRESERVED;
    
30.   hadc1.Init.SamplingTimeCommon1 = ADC_SAMPLETIME_1CYCLE_5;
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31.   hadc1.Init.SamplingTimeCommon2 = ADC_SAMPLETIME_1CYCLE_5;
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32.   hadc1.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
    
33.   hadc1.Init.TriggerFrequencyMode = ADC_TRIGGER_FREQ_HIGH;
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34.   if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc1) != HAL_OK)
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35.   {
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36.     Error_Handler();
    
37.   }
    
38.   /** Configure Regular Channel
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39.   */
    
40.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_4;
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41.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
    
42.   sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLINGTIME_COMMON_1;
    
43.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
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44.   {
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45.     Error_Handler();
    
46.   }
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47.   /** Configure Regular Channel
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48.   */
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49.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_5;
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50.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_2;
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51.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    
52.   {
    
53.     Error_Handler();
    
54.   }
    
55.   /** Configure Regular Channel
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56.   */
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57.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_9;
    
58.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_3;
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59.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    
60.   {
    
61.     Error_Handler();
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62.   }
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63.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 2 */
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64. 
    
65.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 2 */
    
66. 
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67. }
    

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获取ADC数据
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1. // 校准
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2. HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1);
   
3. 
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4. for (idx = 0; idx < 3; idx++)
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5. {
   
6.     HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc1);
   
7.     HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc1, 50);
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8. 
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9.     /* Check if the continous conversion is finished */
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10.     if(HAL_IS_BIT_SET(HAL_ADC_GetState(&hadc1), HAL_ADC_STATE_REG_EOC))
    
11.     {
    
12.         /* Get the converted value */
    
13.         AD_Value[idx] = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc1);
    
14.     }
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15. }
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16. 
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17. HAL_ADC_Stop(&hadc1);
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1.1 关于ADC扫描定序（scan sequencer）
* f7 M- I8 k& P8 W% n: Q8 W/ fADC scan sequencer can be used in two different modes. 配置ADC多通道采集时，对于各个通道的采集顺序有两种方式：

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( ^9 N4 X3 t( s1 B4 OSequencer fully configurable (The order in which the channels are scanned is independent from the channel number)
# w: o' a2 H) y0 v采用这种方式时，ADC的通道扫描顺序将和channel number不再相关，如1中代码，就采用了这种方式
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1. //扫描方式：ADC_SCAN_ENABLE
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2. hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_ENABLE;
   
3. //...
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4. sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_5;
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5. sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_2;
   
6. if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
   
7. {
   
8.     Error_Handler();
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9. }
   
10. 
    
11. sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_6;
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12. sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
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13. if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    
14. {
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15.     Error_Handler();
    
16. }
    

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如果按照如上代码配置，在采集时，将先采集channel 6，再采集channel 5。但是使用该方式时，需要注意Only channel 0 to channel 14 can be selected in this sequence。即channel 15/16/17/18无法使用该方式，如果需要使用channel 15-18，则可以使用下面第二种扫描方式。
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Sequencer not fully configurable (The order in which the channels are scanned is defined by the channel number)
这种方式比较好理解，就是按照channel number的大小，按顺序进行扫描，配置代码如下：
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1. // 扫描方式：ADC_SCAN_SEQ_FIXED
   
2. hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_SEQ_FIXED;
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3. 
   
4. sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_16;
   
5. sConfig.Rank = ADC_RANK_CHANNEL_NUMBER;
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6. if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
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7. {
   
8.     Error_Handler();
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9. }
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2. DMA方式采集
直接上代码：
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1. static void MX_ADC1_Init(void)
   
2. {
   
3. 
   
4.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 0 */
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5. 
   
6.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 0 */
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7. 
   
8.   ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};
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9. 
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10.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 1 */
    
11. 
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12.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 1 */
    
13.   /** Configure the global features of the ADC (Clock, Resolution, Data Alignment and number of conversion)
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14.   */
    
15.   hadc1.Instance = ADC1;
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16.   hadc1.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_ASYNC_DIV1;
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17.   hadc1.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
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18.   hadc1.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
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19.   hadc1.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_SEQ_FIXED;
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20.   hadc1.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
    
21.   hadc1.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
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22.   hadc1.Init.LowPowerAutoPowerOff = DISABLE;
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23.   hadc1.Init.ContinuousConvMode = ENABLE;
    
24.   hadc1.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
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25.   hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
    
26.   hadc1.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
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27.   hadc1.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = ENABLE;
    
28.   hadc1.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_OVERWRITTEN;
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29.   hadc1.Init.SamplingTimeCommon1 = ADC_SAMPLETIME_12CYCLES_5;
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30.   hadc1.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
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31.   hadc1.Init.TriggerFrequencyMode = ADC_TRIGGER_FREQ_HIGH;
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32.   if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc1) != HAL_OK)
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33.   {
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34.     Error_Handler();
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35.   }
    
36.   /** Configure Regular Channel
    
37.   */
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38.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_4;
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39.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_RANK_CHANNEL_NUMBER;
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40.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
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41.   {
    
42.     Error_Handler();
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43.   }
    
44.   /** Configure Regular Channel
    
45.   */
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46.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_5;
    
47.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_RANK_CHANNEL_NUMBER;
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48.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
    
49.   {
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50.     Error_Handler();
    
51.   }
    
52.   /** Configure Regular Channel
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53.   */
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54.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_9;
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55.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_RANK_CHANNEL_NUMBER;
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56.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
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57.   {
    
58.     Error_Handler();
    
59.   }
    
60.   /** Configure Regular Channel
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61.   */
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62.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_10;
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63.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_RANK_CHANNEL_NUMBER;
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64.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
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65.   {
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66.     Error_Handler();
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67.   }
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68.   /** Configure Regular Channel
    
69.   */
    
70.   sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_16;
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71.   sConfig.Rank = ADC_RANK_CHANNEL_NUMBER;
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72.   if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc1, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
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73.   {
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74.     Error_Handler();
    
75.   }
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76.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_Init 2 */
    
77. 
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78.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_Init 2 */
    
79. 
    
80. }
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81. 
    
82. static void MX_DMA_Init(void)
    
83. {
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84. 
    
85.   /* DMA controller clock enable */
    
86.   __HAL_RCC_DMA1_CLK_ENABLE();
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87. 
    
88.   /* DMA interrupt init */
    
89.   /* DMA1_Channel1_IRQn interrupt configuration */
    
90.   HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(DMA1_Channel1_IRQn, 0, 0);
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91.   HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(DMA1_Channel1_IRQn);
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92. 
    
93. }
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94. 
    
95. void HAL_ADC_MspInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* hadc)
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96. {
    
97.   GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
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98.   if(hadc->Instance==ADC1)
    
99.   {
    
100.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_MspInit 0 */
     
101. 
     
102.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_MspInit 0 */
     
103.     /* Peripheral clock enable */
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104.     __HAL_RCC_ADC_CLK_ENABLE();
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105. 
     
106.     __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
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107.     __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
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108.     /**ADC1 GPIO Configuration
     
109.     PA4     ------> ADC1_IN4
     
110.     PA5     ------> ADC1_IN5
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111.     PB1     ------> ADC1_IN9
     
112.     PB2     ------> ADC1_IN10
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113.     PB12     ------> ADC1_IN16
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114.     */
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115.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4|GPIO_PIN_5;
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116.     GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
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117.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
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118.     HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
     
119. 
     
120.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_1|GPIO_PIN_2|GPIO_PIN_12;
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121.     GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
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122.     GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
     
123.     HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
     
124. 
     
125.     /* ADC1 DMA Init */
     
126.     /* ADC1 Init */
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127.     hdma_adc1.Instance = DMA1_Channel1;
     
128.     hdma_adc1.Init.Request = DMA_REQUEST_ADC1;
     
129.     hdma_adc1.Init.Direction = DMA_PERIPH_TO_MEMORY;
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130.     hdma_adc1.Init.PeriphInc = DMA_PINC_DISABLE;
     
131.     hdma_adc1.Init.MemInc = DMA_MINC_ENABLE;
     
132.     hdma_adc1.Init.PeriphDataAlignment = DMA_PDATAALIGN_WORD;
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133.     hdma_adc1.Init.MemDataAlignment = DMA_MDATAALIGN_WORD;
     
134.     hdma_adc1.Init.Mode = DMA_CIRCULAR;
     
135.     hdma_adc1.Init.Priority = DMA_PRIORITY_LOW;
     
136.     if (HAL_DMA_Init(&hdma_adc1) != HAL_OK)
     
137.     {
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138.       Error_Handler();
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139.     }
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140. 
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141.     __HAL_LINKDMA(hadc,DMA_Handle,hdma_adc1);
     
142. 
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143.   /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC1_MspInit 1 */
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144. 
     
145.   /* USER CODE END ADC1_MspInit 1 */
     
146.   }
     
147. 
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148. }
     

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初始化完成后，即可使用：

1. //开始ADC转换
   
2. HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc1);
   
3. HAL_ADC_Start_DMA(&hadc1, (uint32_t *)&AD_Value_Buffer, AD_DMA_BUFF_LENGTH);

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注：AD_Value_Buffer为事先定义好的数组，长度为AD_DMA_BUFF_LENGTH
接下来，无需CPU参与，DMA将会把ADC采集到数据搬运至AD_Value_Buffer的地址中，当长度达到AD_DMA_BUFF_LENGTH时，将从头开始，此时会覆盖数据。

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