BootLoader程序介绍3 v% m8 E! ]7 i7 R$ Y
BootLoader其实就是一段启动程序,它在芯片启动的时候首先被执行,它可以用来做一些硬件的初始化,当初始化完成之后跳转到对应的应用程序中去。例如,我们可以将Flash分为两个区,一个是启动程序区(0x0800 0000 - 0x0800 2000)大小为8K Bytes,剩下的为应用程序区(0x0800 2000 - 0x0801 0000)。芯片上电时先运行启动程序,然后跳转到应用程序区执行应用程序。
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* |+ v: b9 w% s7 u4 Y源码实现2 Z5 ~6 s. l0 l& F& N
基本的BootLoader程序仅实现了代码跳转的功能,因此全部在main.c文件中实现。
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$ ]$ `: B5 d2 C1 @! Q源文件
4 ]$ q3 b& m8 W4 f$ d; N* V- /*
$ `( n. c7 X4 S4 c8 U. z - ******************************************************************************
) l' O2 T2 d" f: ~" Y - File: main.c
6 L* n% m' L' d0 e$ L7 d8 M" R/ N( b - Info: Generated by Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) 9.3.0 2020-09-07( _ N( J9 s# L+ q
, E5 ]) G. B/ Y" C- The MIT License (MIT)
% I6 p+ R4 ]' y - Copyright (c) 2019 STMicroelectronics4 x7 Z- T! x" F: G
- . r2 V* E6 ~4 _$ c' X: l
- Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy3 N( `/ W2 r6 H4 }# |3 M6 R
- of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 q4 Z/ d; P. d; q3 n Q - in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
3 V4 b3 w; N. Z/ d. s5 V4 [: o - to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell+ D; p, z, ~1 q: J* O
- copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
! {" [6 K) s8 F7 r; ~' P5 x - furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:8 I* w' e' B ?2 b4 g. {- G% U* e
- : c& Z8 U' s d Y% b( N
- The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all ^# W" {% j0 {6 k( k
- copies or substantial portions of the Software., A& `$ w& s. P* h8 i8 }$ R$ p
- 8 [( R- u$ e' W/ m( Z$ V7 h
- THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
`. v6 J& }1 H$ {% o - IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
" j0 b: H4 C" _% K( d - FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE P# z/ Q; k* Y9 w
- AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER/ g% Q+ n8 ]' z0 d, q5 D2 f5 \+ t
- LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,* E1 ]7 f+ g; ?
- OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
2 p! v c! \ F: E - SOFTWARE.
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- ******************************************************************************) {% r7 a7 i4 R! \! y" q
- */
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! z. \0 |6 z) O& Z( L/ z- /* Includes */2 h. R- h+ h2 o. u/ I1 o v3 C" H; B
- #include "stm32f4xx.h"2 U# i1 z; Q. M
- #include "delay.h"
( ~: q3 Q* @$ W1 ~; K2 t, ~ - /* Private macro */" _0 f' j1 s& b/ [% V" P `& A
1 Y+ J3 r9 ^9 ~ t C; [! _- //用户扇区从第5扇区的起始位置开始启动
% K5 a! D1 M+ }; a7 d- y4 t$ \ - #define FLASH_APP_ADDR 0x08010000
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4 o# I; F7 u# t; h% S) J9 U- #define MCU_LED GPIOA_OUT(15)5 P2 j5 S# e& v0 {4 p3 b3 \" O
- 0 l/ g* m+ g) s, a& c! M1 [
- /* Private variables */
, |' e' Y5 [# j E- r3 C - typedef void (*UserApplication)(void); //定义一个函数类型的参数.4 ^* g1 B4 K) O# R
- / W8 W" t6 Z! M+ l: o$ {
- UserApplication userApp;
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- /* Private function prototypes */& w0 x! W8 V0 f$ ]: w3 ~; C _
- void ConfigLED( );
$ D0 q5 `3 V- f1 \; I - void SystemBooting(uint8_t times, uint16_t msDelay);2 x, q8 q$ V1 U8 t3 G/ `
- void IAPLoadApp(u32 appxaddr);
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- /* Private functions */
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]+ V7 q/ v# _: J8 u- /**+ G2 P4 b7 O& o% m
- **===========================================================================
( Q0 S, {5 a8 o% S# l1 Q - **5 a2 b( w5 W/ V; G3 d: X
- ** Abstract: main program/ o7 G2 `% p7 ^
- **
+ j: a8 e( k& k$ N - **===========================================================================7 W! T% U$ G. L6 _: L
- */- E: x! `0 N6 ^. d; _0 o7 I7 X( l
- int main(void), y$ Z1 s& t! j) L6 S+ g4 h
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' r$ t! |/ k1 v! ]& o: A2 J" s0 j7 L- /**
) \ d9 ?" q7 D% F3 X - * IMPORTANT NOTE!" ]' g. l' K4 T: y! z8 j
- * The symbol VECT_TAB_SRAM needs to be defined when building the project
( G$ k, w! ~+ j' F7 _ - * if code has been located to RAM and interrupts are used.
9 }: U/ k9 ]9 O( f" Q3 `; q - * Otherwise the interrupt table located in flash will be used.; A1 h6 b+ J* g9 Z' i0 @5 C4 B
- * See also the <system_*.c> file and how the SystemInit() function updates8 ]3 T$ `2 ^5 D: x
- * SCB->VTOR register.
; u0 c7 Y% F+ m, r' C. c' ^; y - * E.g. SCB->VTOR = 0x20000000;
9 L" {2 ], i& W( O% `/ V- w - */
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- /* TODO - Add your application code here */% ^# a b& h7 L8 Q
/ Q3 M( p- v5 Y8 {2 w5 E C- delay_init();% s! V) R* b* C( j+ v
- ConfigLED();) i( X1 d/ R: F0 \0 C- k0 v% B
- SystemBooting(5,100);
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- //从第五扇区起始位置开始加载应用程序
3 x' O" H. k! X* s/ {9 N" n+ M. c$ @ - IAPLoadApp(FLASH_APP_ADDR);
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- while(1);
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- void ConfigLED( )1 g6 E% |2 J" L# v$ h0 Z
- {
0 I, J( B' ]+ R) n' C6 j - GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
7 W; @5 f$ ~% U' {) h - RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
! W% W% }- ?: {! A$ y( c - /**
+ K ?6 M5 x3 f4 g - * System State LED
4 z$ ]* S* Z7 H4 r! A6 G - */
" L6 r! {9 }) {0 e! \9 _6 C( B. N, y - GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_15;
9 N* y2 o8 D7 _# J8 q) ?4 ? - GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
6 ~, z' V. t- T5 A% P$ K - GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT;: h+ E/ [* U1 p6 D0 p+ D
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
& J# b2 J3 _( |$ u) b! } - GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;* L9 y6 w) n x) ~% n. A
K8 E4 R! q/ K$ C' B- GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
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- void SystemBooting(uint8_t times, uint16_t msDelay)* \& w& K ^. G. }5 {
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- for (uint8_t i = 0; i < times; i++)
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- MCU_LED = 0;
, L- ?$ b4 J! M! z/ N1 a - delay_ms(msDelay);
7 w" c+ f _2 e: L - MCU_LED = 1;2 a& G L! g8 y# `! z4 q z' N
- delay_ms(msDelay);" X) v$ w3 o1 H
- }
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6 V$ { u" L( ^- void IAPLoadApp(u32 appxaddr)3 P1 _/ w0 n( ?# B2 b4 X
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- if(((*(vu32*)appxaddr)&0x2FF00000)==0x20000000) //检查栈顶地址是否合法.
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- userApp=(UserApplication)*(__IO vu32*)(appxaddr+4); //用户代码区第二个字为程序开始地址(复位地址)
$ d% ]; n" W/ y! T" C - __set_MSP(*(__IO uint32_t*) appxaddr); //初始化APP堆栈指针(用户代码区的第一个字用于存放栈顶地址)
9 x7 V( u9 u( g0 i% e - userApp(); //跳转到APP.
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- }
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1 @/ n" s& R/ f8 {" ?stm32f4_flash.ld, X4 _, S' I; l! W
设置BootLoader程序在flash中的位置为第1~2扇区,共32K空间。在笔者的项目中,第3~4扇区用来实现EEPROM的软件仿真,用户程序将从第5扇区开始启动。2 a( W' O: G8 S
9 R! ?7 x! U1 z: G. |- /* Specify the memory areas */
$ Q7 U: ~( }/ g0 H R - MEMORY
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6 C) k, Y( {( t& | - FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 32K
, J8 \4 b& P' S- E) b7 n5 F) } - RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 128K
/ a+ q9 M _6 [* U8 B3 r/ P( a2 X5 X - MEMORY_B1 (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x60000000, LENGTH = 0K
- r' v' O$ c6 W* H7 S - CCMRAM (rw) : ORIGIN = 0x10000000, LENGTH = 64K. O: L& f4 i, f+ ]! p3 j4 l
- }
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使用指南( f; Y" _! L! U" o+ p) [
用户程序需要从第5扇区的起始位置开始下载,同时需要设置中断向量的偏移地址。
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Q7 {' o9 d4 { ?- M/ O; ]" z设置用户程序下载位置(stm32f4_flash.ld), Z( Y! `- R0 B4 h% f0 n
在笔者的项目中,设置BootLoader程序在flash中的位置为第1~2扇区,共32K空间。第3~4扇区用来实现EEPROM的软件仿真,共32K空间。用户程序将从第5扇区开始启动。$ l" Q% O, `1 n9 ]# z9 P
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- /* Memories definition */( _# T* t5 \1 b- c" d
- MEMORY
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- FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x8010000, LENGTH = 448K
& f+ Y% b5 u0 ]7 k( x6 M - RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 128K' T' D5 L! @0 V% _) P/ L
- CCMRAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x10000000, LENGTH = 64K
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5 y2 j2 o1 b# }# I7 \修改中断向量表偏移量
, Q3 w/ c D- K" b/ @) R$ s在"system_stm32f4xx.c"文件中,修改宏定义:. [5 e: O; V6 ~; c3 `! e5 l
) H5 G3 M/ s( M, x% W- /*!< Uncomment the following line if you need to relocate your vector Table in: K" M* B* k c0 c! n
- Internal SRAM. */
( ?9 p2 z0 D+ j! h6 w+ X0 C- W5 R2 E - /* #define VECT_TAB_SRAM */
. T6 |# J# T) f2 L* i j - #define VECT_TAB_OFFSET 0x10000 /*!< Vector Table base offset field., E; n/ X/ u" k8 S4 X, e
- This value must be a multiple of 0x200. */
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y2 e* m, Z( w/ W在void SystemInit(void)中将会根据上述宏定义,设置中断向量表的偏移量:1 f6 X; B0 F% ?! K6 H
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- /* Configure the Vector Table location add offset address ------------------*/
+ P, ` }5 V2 g8 E - #ifdef VECT_TAB_SRAM
9 I0 T: ~( y( Q/ ^/ K( { - SCB->VTOR = SRAM_BASE | VECT_TAB_OFFSET; /* Vector Table Relocation in Internal SRAM */9 D6 O9 s! {' F# t" E* K7 i" M
- #else
6 R4 [4 U+ J3 `1 l/ c# |0 \8 B. r - SCB->VTOR = FLASH_BASE | VECT_TAB_OFFSET; /* Vector Table Relocation in Internal FLASH */
* W% o1 f0 G7 c' M1 Y0 L5 N - #endif
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