【经验分享】STM32F7xx —— 输出

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STMCU小助手发布时间：2021-12-17 12:04

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文章简介:	STM32F7xx —— 输出

一、几个重要的IO口操作函数

HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef *GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef *GPIO_Init); // GPIO初始化
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin, GPIO_PinState PinState); // 输出高低电平
GPIO_PinState HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin); // 读IO口电平
void HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin); // 电平取反

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二、几个重要的结构

// GPIO口 GPIOA,GPIOB,GPIOC,GPIOD,GPIOE,GPIOF,GPIOG,GPIOH,GPIOI
typedef struct
{
__IO uint32_t MODER; /*!< GPIO port mode register, Address offset: 0x00 */
__IO uint32_t OTYPER; /*!< GPIO port output type register, Address offset: 0x04 */
__IO uint32_t OSPEEDR; /*!< GPIO port output speed register, Address offset: 0x08 */
__IO uint32_t PUPDR; /*!< GPIO port pull-up/pull-down register, Address offset: 0x0C */
__IO uint32_t IDR; /*!< GPIO port input data register, Address offset: 0x10 */
__IO uint32_t ODR; /*!< GPIO port output data register, Address offset: 0x14 */
__IO uint32_t BSRR; /*!< GPIO port bit set/reset register, Address offset: 0x18 */
__IO uint32_t LCKR; /*!< GPIO port configuration lock register, Address offset: 0x1C */
__IO uint32_t AFR[2]; /*!< GPIO alternate function registers, Address offset: 0x20-0x24 */
} GPIO_TypeDef;

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// GPIO引脚，模式，上下拉，速度，复用等
typedef struct
{
uint32_t Pin; /*!< Specifies the GPIO pins to be configured.
This parameter can be any value of @ref GPIO_pins_define */
uint32_t Mode; /*!< Specifies the operating mode for the selected pins.
This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_mode_define */
uint32_t Pull; /*!< Specifies the Pull-up or Pull-Down activation for the selected pins.
This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_pull_define */
uint32_t Speed; /*!< Specifies the speed for the selected pins.
This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_speed_define */
uint32_t Alternate; /*!< Peripheral to be connected to the selected pins.
This parameter can be a value of @ref GPIO_Alternate_function_selection */
}GPIO_InitTypeDef;

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// GPIO引脚
#define GPIO_PIN_0 ((uint16_t)0x0001U) /* Pin 0 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_1 ((uint16_t)0x0002U) /* Pin 1 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_2 ((uint16_t)0x0004U) /* Pin 2 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_3 ((uint16_t)0x0008U) /* Pin 3 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_4 ((uint16_t)0x0010U) /* Pin 4 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_5 ((uint16_t)0x0020U) /* Pin 5 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_6 ((uint16_t)0x0040U) /* Pin 6 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_7 ((uint16_t)0x0080U) /* Pin 7 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_8 ((uint16_t)0x0100U) /* Pin 8 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_9 ((uint16_t)0x0200U) /* Pin 9 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_10 ((uint16_t)0x0400U) /* Pin 10 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_11 ((uint16_t)0x0800U) /* Pin 11 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_12 ((uint16_t)0x1000U) /* Pin 12 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_13 ((uint16_t)0x2000U) /* Pin 13 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_14 ((uint16_t)0x4000U) /* Pin 14 selected */
#define GPIO_PIN_15 ((uint16_t)0x8000U) /* Pin 15 selected */

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// GPIO模式输入推挽输出开漏输出推挽复用开漏复用
#define GPIO_MODE_INPUT ((uint32_t)0x00000000U) /*!< Input Floating Mode */
#define GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP ((uint32_t)0x00000001U) /*!< Output Push Pull Mode */
#define GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD ((uint32_t)0x00000011U) /*!< Output Open Drain Mode */
#define GPIO_MODE_AF_PP ((uint32_t)0x00000002U) /*!< Alternate Function Push Pull Mode */
#define GPIO_MODE_AF_OD ((uint32_t)0x00000012U) /*!< Alternate Function Open Drain Mode */

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// GPIO速度低速中速高速极速
#define GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW ((uint32_t)0x00000000U) /*!< Low speed */
#define GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_MEDIUM ((uint32_t)0x00000001U) /*!< Medium speed */
#define GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH ((uint32_t)0x00000002U) /*!< Fast speed */
#define GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH ((uint32_t)0x00000003U) /*!< High speed */

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// GPIO上下拉无上下拉上拉下拉
#define GPIO_NOPULL ((uint32_t)0x00000000U) /*!< No Pull-up or Pull-down activation */
#define GPIO_PULLUP ((uint32_t)0x00000001U) /*!< Pull-up activation */
#define GPIO_PULLDOWN ((uint32_t)0x00000002U) /*!< Pull-down activation */

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// GPIO引脚高低电平
typedef enum
{
GPIO_PIN_RESET = 0,
GPIO_PIN_SET
}GPIO_PinState;

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三、封装两个GPIO初始化函数（普通GPIO，复用GPIO）

// 这里只贴出代码片段，封装两个接口，一个普通GPIO初始化，一个带复用功能。
#define GPIO_CLK_ENABLE() do{ \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOE_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOG_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOH_CLK_ENABLE(); \
__HAL_RCC_GPIOI_CLK_ENABLE(); \
} while(0);
void GPIOConfig(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint32_t pin, uint32_t mode, uint32_t pull)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_CLK_ENABLE();
GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = pin;
GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = mode;
GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = pull;
GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_HIGH;
HAL_GPIO_Init(gpio, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}
void GPIOConfigExt(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint32_t pin, uint32_t mode, uint32_t pull, uint32_t alternate)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_CLK_ENABLE();
GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = pin;
GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = mode;
GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = pull;
GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_HIGH;
GPIO_InitStructure.Alternate = alternate;
HAL_GPIO_Init(gpio, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

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四、输出接口设计
为了灵活使用，我们将输出的有效电平设置成可配置。

// 配置的有效电平初始低电平有效高电平有效
typedef enum
{
OUTPUT_INIT_IS_ACTIVE = 0,
OUTPUT_LOW_IS_ACTIVE = 1,
OUTPUT_HIGH_IS_ACTIVE = 2,
} output_active_t;
#define OUTX_CONFIG(gpio, pin) GPIOConfig(gpio, pin, GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP, GPIO_NOPULL)
#define OUTX_READ(gpio, pin) HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(gpio, pin)
#define OUTX_ACTIVE(gpio, pin, tag) do{ \
if(OUTPUT_LOW_IS_ACTIVE == tag) \
{ \
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(gpio, pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); \
} \
else \
{ \
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(gpio, pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); \
} \
} while(0);
#define OUTX_NEGATIVE(gpio, pin, tag) do{ \
if(OUTPUT_LOW_IS_ACTIVE == tag) \
{ \
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(gpio, pin, GPIO_PIN_SET); \
} \
else \
{ \
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(gpio, pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET); \
} \
} while(0);
#define OUT1_PORT GPIOA
#define OUT1_PIN GPIO_PIN_0
#define OUT2_PORT GPIOA
#define OUT2_PIN GPIO_PIN_1
#define OUT3_PORT GPIOA
#define OUT3_PIN GPIO_PIN_2

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// demo代码只传递思想
// 封装出对外的四个接口初始化输出有效输出无效输出取反
// 以列表的形式封装方便增加和删除
static void output_config(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin)
{
OUTX_CONFIG(gpio, pin);
}
static uint8_t output_is_enable(uint8_t index)
{
// 输出通道可用这里也可以变成可配置可以配置本IO口有效和无效
return 1;
}
static void output_active(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin, uint8_t tag)
{
OUTX_ACTIVE(gpio, pin, tag);
}
static void output_negative(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin, uint8_t tag)
{
OUTX_NEGATIVE(gpio, pin, tag);
}
static void output_toggle(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin, uint8_t tag)
{
// 这里可以不用这么麻烦，使用HAL_GPIO_TogglePin
if(OUTX_READ(gpio, pin) == 0)
{
OUTX_ACTIVE(gpio, pin, tag);
}
else
{
OUTX_NEGATIVE(gpio, pin, tag);
}
}
typedef struct
{
GPIO_TypeDef *gpio;
uint16_t pin;
void (* output_config_cb)(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin);
uint8_t (* output_is_enable_cb)(uint8_t index);
void (* output_active_cb)(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin, uint8_t tag);
void (* output_negative_cb)(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin, uint8_t tag);
void (* output_toggle_cb)(GPIO_TypeDef *gpio, uint16_t pin, uint8_t tag);
} output_port_t;
static output_port_t output_items[] =
{
{OUT1_PORT, OUT1_PIN, output_config, output_is_enable, output_active, output_negative, output_toggle},
{OUT2_PORT, OUT2_PIN, output_config, output_is_enable, output_active, output_negative, output_toggle},
{OUT3_PORT, OUT3_PIN, output_config, output_is_enable, output_active, output_negative, output_toggle},
};
static void output_init(uint32_t value)
{
uint32_t i, mask = 1;
for(i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(output_items); ++i)
{
if(value & mask)
{
#if(CONFIG_OUTPUT_TEST == 1)
config.output.total_switch = OUTPUT_MODE_OPEN;
config.output.sub_switch<i> = OUTPUT_MODE_OPEN;
</i> config.output.active_tag = OUTPUT_HIGH_IS_ACTIVE;
#endif
output_items.output_config_cb(output_items.gpio, output_items.pin);
output_items.output_negative_cb(output_items.gpio, output_items.pin, config.output.active_tag);
}
mask <<= 1;
}
}
void OutputHigh(uint32_t value)
{
uint32_t i, mask = 1;
for(i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(output_items); ++i)
{
if(value & mask)
{
if(output_items.output_is_enable_cb(i))
{
output_items.output_active_cb(output_items.gpio, output_items.pin, config.output.active_tag);
}
}
mask <<= 1;
}
}
void OutputLow(uint32_t value)
{
uint32_t i, mask = 1;
for(i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(output_items); ++i)
{
if(value & mask)
{
if(output_items.output_is_enable_cb(i))
{
output_items.output_negative_cb(output_items.gpio, output_items.pin, config.output.active_tag);
}
}
mask <<= 1;
}
}
void OutputToggle(uint32_t value)
{
uint32_t i, mask = 1;
for(i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(output_items); ++i)
{
if(value & mask)
{
if(output_items.output_is_enable_cb(i))
{
output_items.output_toggle_cb(output_items.gpio, output_items.pin, config.output.active_tag);
}
}
mask <<= 1;
}
}
void OutputInit(void)
{
output_init(0xFFFFFFFF);
OutputLow(0xFFFFFFFF);
}