大概思路4 _' A9 F( z. c4 v! C
1.利用定时器产生可控方波(选好定时器及通道),需要注意的是设置PWM输出引脚时要将引脚复用到定时器
2 u9 \. a4 x! L7 |* d8 N3 k2.将电机控制引脚设置成推挽输出模式) w _+ a8 S1 t
3.改变占空比即可改变速度
6 \) f- l( D* i( N, {7 p4.采用的电机驱动为TB6612,这里不做介绍
" G( @1 H% e& Y% H5.我这里用的是定时器1的通道1,2,3,4。可自行修改
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/ h* T/ t! c0 C- R0 v定时器初始化
1 D' Z6 v+ M' w- @定时器1初始化* f3 e- U# u: C
- <font face="微软雅黑" size="3">void TIM1_PWM_Init(u32 arr,u32 psc) f% _9 D, Z6 k2 H# z
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- //此部分需手动修改IO口设置
3 d. x' i/ _$ J8 Y - int ccr1=500,ccr2=500,ccr3=500,ccr4=500;- E4 c: h* N M% f: c0 d
- GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
! @, P2 B$ f% b6 ~ - TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
" y; U* n# C7 u6 T - TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
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7 v- u2 B- a1 S - RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1,ENABLE); //TIM1时钟使能
( v/ K! |5 n$ o) f+ x" |8 b% L" n( R1 q8 M - RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOE, ENABLE); //使能时钟( J- j u1 M6 M* \* i. j& ^( A) T" }( n
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- GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOE,GPIO_PinSource9,GPIO_AF_TIM1);2 ^# u1 q9 w8 }2 `$ H2 f
- GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOE,GPIO_PinSource11,GPIO_AF_TIM1);
, Z- _1 b6 M s5 L$ _5 P - GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOE,GPIO_PinSource13,GPIO_AF_TIM1); //GPIOE9,E11,E13,E14复用为定时器1* [4 I2 G: l3 U% m4 @$ N
- GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOE,GPIO_PinSource14,GPIO_AF_TIM1);
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$ p5 D- x2 ^+ l- F( e! ? - GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9|GPIO_Pin_11|GPIO_Pin_13|GPIO_Pin_14; //GPIOF9' d* \' m8 @, x& a o' m \. Q
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF; //复用功能/ S9 Y- X0 j$ K8 d% L6 S
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz; //速度100MHz$ L, g! T9 K. A; D
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP; //推挽复用输出+ S2 M0 k: c9 j
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP; //上拉* M: w& B. i( L3 s+ f0 F
- GPIO_Init(GPIOE,&GPIO_InitStructure); //初始化IO口4 J. V# o. d- v7 b6 T' f4 a; E+ |# m
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- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler=psc; //定时器分频- J6 J" L$ j1 Q% e
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode=TIM_CounterMode_Up; //向上计数模式6 g" _. ?5 M& @# P# x' ~
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period=arr; //自动重装载值
7 ]# w# m% F( }! ?' p - TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision=TIM_CKD_DIV1; . q* W0 c5 p5 s
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6 ^7 B# R: g1 X - TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0;# N: p/ m3 k g2 q# x7 t
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- TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM1,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);//初始化定时器1; P4 v7 k* I3 L) e+ L
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. ]7 C" C( ~* J, u- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_PWM1; //选择定时器模式:TIM脉冲宽度调制模式2, H+ j; u {: o; }- w- D4 z
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; //比较输出使能
; f6 T" p) C: H: L - ///**************0 ~! L) u- _; P
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputNState = TIM_OutputNState_Enable;//输出同相) O4 ~# t+ y% B- T7 j) ^1 z
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCIdleState = TIM_OCIdleState_Set;) _ o! z+ L5 J$ X6 m% c
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
8 n. {" C8 b8 M* h- [; f9 Y - TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_High;
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- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = ccr1; d! V% t. g& E' y1 |. n2 U
- TIM_OC1Init(TIM1, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
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- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = ccr2; . W! D4 t" j9 F% t5 ^4 ?
- TIM_OC2Init(TIM1, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
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9 L, G1 r: q2 ?, f1 e0 R3 v - TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = ccr3;
5 ?0 S8 D# y5 i6 C1 D - TIM_OC3Init(TIM1, &TIM_OCInitStructure); //根据T指定的参数初始化外设TIM1 OCx% w+ a% K6 e4 F. i, r" h
) }8 ?( \$ g+ d) H- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = ccr4; //设置待装入捕获比较寄存器的脉冲值0 S" d& J8 `. N
- TIM_OC4Init(TIM1, &TIM_OCInitStructure);
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- TIM_Cmd(TIM1, ENABLE); 7 Q0 W. v( t1 I7 }% l8 H
- TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM1,ENABLE);
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- </font>
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, U" y9 M; h3 i5 S* R& V9 C) X高级定时器与通用定时器异同
/ _# W9 W! z# E3 e1.采用定时器产生可控方波,高级定时器TIM1、TIM8与通用定时器配置有所不同,比通用定时器多两行代码:
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: a' z9 e i& I. ]9 B下面展示一些 内联代码片。
$ G" S2 W$ S$ q; L& ?3 c- <font face="微软雅黑" size="3">TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0;//重复计数器的值$ s6 l3 {# m5 E2 r4 ^4 G0 x
- TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM1,ENABLE);//主输出使能,当使用的是通用定时器时,这句不需要</font>
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& M$ e8 K1 B N2 h/ K' X电机IO口初始化8 H( ^" s4 M( T+ |
IO设置为推挽输出即可
5 ]; a. z6 ^3 C我这里用的IO为D0,D1,D2,D3,D10,D11,B14,B152 w$ b6 v! Z$ O6 z R
(4个电机,8个IO)) Q4 z, d% ^* x& C {: H! N$ B. n! M
- <font face="微软雅黑" size="3">void MOTOR_GPIO_Config(void) 电机控制对应IO口) Z/ A: A7 u7 f
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( Z6 F( e* u$ s - /*定义一个GPIO_InitTypeDef类型的结构体*/- Q z* v% e2 k7 e
- GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
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- /*开启GPIOB的外设时钟*/9 k; t- ]% n7 ?
- RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE); $ [* R+ j$ T! {: @- `
$ I8 I7 k; w v, X2 y/ d- /*选择要控制的引脚*/
' R' O+ b7 H" ]4 ^& A: m! o' f - // 4个电机 ,8个IO口
7 Y2 a( O/ i' F4 J4 l+ {5 t - GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_1|GPIO_Pin_2|GPIO_Pin_3|GPIO_Pin_10|GPIO_Pin_11; - b1 S' \3 |% g$ i3 S
1 n( x( ?+ X7 \- /*设置引脚模式为通用推挽输出*/
/ J7 C& X H7 H - GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT; 2 }, v) h8 U( L. u; ?" h Q
0 x# \' j$ [$ X' y- /*设置引脚速率为50MHz*/ 0 z7 v/ b( B8 r& w1 K& T4 J
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
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( ^) ^3 }% Q+ C/ i* ^- /*调用库函数,初始化*/ ( o/ p( F7 k2 l+ a3 c: ~9 h
- GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);
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- RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);+ |8 U* N1 a: A+ P& X
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =GPIO_Pin_14|GPIO_Pin_15;
* z, y! s: q1 u - GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
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! n! S" G0 b* T# m; ^! @1 ]- GPIO_SetBits(GPIOD,GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_1|GPIO_Pin_2|GPIO_Pin_3|GPIO_Pin_10|GPIO_Pin_11);
/ i8 D% w/ o& N+ d - GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_14|GPIO_Pin_15);
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- </font>
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, ^2 o. w) E1 ~% x改变占空比调速
7 \) L! {: ]% h( L- J" v0 X7 E调用函数改变占空比即可改变调速
* w7 |- A, {2 I$ ~1 ]8 ?- <font face="微软雅黑" size="3">TIM_SetCompareN(TIMx, Compare2)</font>
复制代码 N为定时器哪个通道,x为定时器几,Compare2为自己设置的数值
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总结
" r1 x; c. b5 @' j控制电机、舵机这一类模块电源最好跟其它模块电源分开,不然对其它模块工作会有影响。(比如循迹模块啥的)。控制原理已知,具体效果看实际,需进行多次试验。
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