首先,总结全文,设计步骤主要如下:
' I+ X! s; P6 T' ~; r! \+ n7 n1,初始化GPIO3 V* M- u5 \, E( Q
2,初始化USART1
* _1 t, C( S2 a3,初始化NVIC(嵌套向量中断控制器)
1 W( ]! x! _# z( l5 V# [- h' z4,编写中断服务函数, \3 f( v: L6 H+ K( p: u4 y! |
5,编写主函数
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详细步骤如下:
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1 m4 ?" g# B0 l8 T* d" x% i8 x* _1,初始化GPIO" k& H* |. I6 Q8 y. W, p9 A: J
- void IO_Init()
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- GPIO_InitTypeDef Uart_A;
' C& K' f* A: c4 R - GPIO_InitTypeDef led;
4 T9 c$ s+ a, A) L8 [ - RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC| RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO,ENABLE);
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- GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_Remap_SWJ_Disable|GPIO_Remap_SWJ_JTAGDisable,ENABLE);
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- led.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;//博主开发板上的LED灯接的GPIOC的13引脚
' ^# l' j: P. Y9 N* H2 ?2 ^ - led.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;) Z- n8 @2 g5 c5 D: Q w
- led.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;, h6 A4 K: }) `4 k
- GPIO_Init(GPIOC,&led);
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8 u f& s. @3 Y; `: p+ r1 h - Uart_A.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
: w! i6 D1 q& A! z: H+ J: C | - Uart_A.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;7 ~/ P1 h( z/ q/ @
- Uart_A.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
' B+ m8 ^ \, o# `1 S# ?6 Q - GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&Uart_A);8 V b8 \1 I8 D) z' `9 N* G, [
- 5 t1 M. c6 o' o4 W" G# `
- Uart_A.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
! n; S! g7 r& v' C2 x - Uart_A.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
6 n+ k$ O$ p8 L5 s2 i - Uart_A.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
0 r! j& i5 M4 f, E - GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&Uart_A);5 U/ E" M. s& g
-
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) k8 M& m& n3 E+ {* m+ C以上代码不在详细介绍,前参看STM32基础设计(1)---点亮LED灯、SEM32基础设计(2)---查询串口通信1 \/ H, A$ @0 T
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4 n" C" G- l$ d) H" w8 m* r/ n$ T$ d5 w2,初始化USART1 v! l+ A2 l2 X n
- void Usart1_Init()
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8 h: e, t+ K& B% i' p - USART_InitTypeDef Uart;- `2 ~0 z8 \3 m; n( d
-
! w" d: p3 k. Z9 A) u# \/ Q - RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1,ENABLE);
& B) @# l u8 M6 f - Uart.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
* j0 ~3 }! f* `- L, | - Uart.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
/ [# ^: n7 u& s$ D; u. \- w - Uart.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;+ B1 e6 L# B3 ~$ J% H
- Uart.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
) i. [/ X" m* j/ [ - Uart.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
/ A, u4 i1 q7 r$ w# t( I, x4 w1 H- K - Uart.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;, Z+ r: _* e2 o+ |" ~& ^
- USART_Init(USART1,&Uart);- |8 Y/ z: K; r) y; s; x5 Z/ C: G
-
8 i% f; n/ Y4 X/ o1 f* x - USART_Cmd(USART1,ENABLE);
" h2 u; X0 `1 `% h - USART_ClearFlag(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC);
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以上代码不在详细介绍,具体请参看STM32基础设计(2)---查询串口通信 n5 e" U6 K: u# {3 Z
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) W! j, l6 ?, W) C) ?7 a3,初始化NVIC* w7 r3 r2 U* e7 ?, s9 ?) v+ C1 A
首先,让我们来了解库函数中的NVIC结构体:
. m* y9 e+ ? F. h- typedef struct; O- O( @7 e8 ^. \
- {//指明那个中断通道
9 W. t0 y' U- S; e9 i+ \6 O, N! U - uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannel; /*!< Specifies the IRQ channel to be enabled or disabled.
3 U; q4 S% v6 g- M n - This parameter can be a value of @ref IRQn_Type ' H' i1 d( n v
- (For the complete STM32 Devices IRQ Channels list, please" L' f2 z+ ~, n: o; ]! {" j
- refer to stm32f10x.h file) */' r6 D8 x6 X& T9 E2 A
- //抢占优先级
) |: c) Q8 Y; ] - uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority; /*!< Specifies the pre-emption priority for the IRQ channel
E' y' W( T& D) r2 Y6 r7 e ?( K - specified in NVIC_IRQChannel. This parameter can be a value
& i" l0 a0 O/ ? - between 0 and 15 as described in the table @ref NVIC_Priority_Table */% j$ i- N! r, P' {
- //子优先级
8 H9 W% _/ o2 n R& W - uint8_t NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority; /*!< Specifies the subpriority level for the IRQ channel specified$ p: G n+ L5 o6 P
- in NVIC_IRQChannel. This parameter can be a value
/ e+ Q, G5 P, Z* I& A, N - between 0 and 15 as described in the table @ref NVIC_Priority_Table */# T6 _) y- W) Q7 Y" \( C
- //中断通道使能3 Z: H* s+ H. g+ A: R0 d0 V
- FunctionalState NVIC_IRQChannelCmd; /*!< Specifies whether the IRQ channel defined in NVIC_IRQChannel
- E- z4 |7 Q Q9 ` - will be enabled or disabled.
2 }3 s/ f u V% D# b/ {/ k - This parameter can be set either to ENABLE or DISABLE */ 2 }" S m. k0 H4 C7 j0 o
- } NVIC_InitTypeDef;
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了解了这个结构体后,就可以在初始化函数中定义这个变量了
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另外在NVIC初始化中还设置优先级分组(哪怕只有一个中断也要分组,这是规定)。具体使用这个库函数:
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2 s# Y! v1 F6 `( p* s- void NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(uint32_t NVIC_PriorityGroup)
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: z; V& [1 v( Y2 p7 b) a: ~. K8 Q - /* Check the parameters */* N+ d( ^) X$ P+ M
- assert_param(IS_NVIC_PRIORITY_GROUP(NVIC_PriorityGroup));8 c5 m5 I( F4 M$ B9 S
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- /* Set the PRIGROUP[10:8] bits according to NVIC_PriorityGroup value */
6 E) o* J0 ~# T2 c8 `3 D2 Y( Y( G - SCB->AIRCR = AIRCR_VECTKEY_MASK | NVIC_PriorityGroup;
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接下来,设置结构体中变量的值:
( Z5 E0 i& o5 Q7 P: C# F5 D( u1 Y- nvic.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;//抢占优先级, o* a; D+ Y9 h
- nvic.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;//子优先级
4 _1 v# N8 p' x# Z/ K - nvic.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;//中断通道
! o! h8 ?4 H! R6 `5 }. \8 p - nvic.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;//通道使能
1 b: q" Y% c A) ` - NVIC_Init(&nvic);//NVIC寄存器初始化
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4,编写中断服务函数
( J2 X, f' c( ~7 f# I/ j先贴代码,在解释$ T* H/ Z T5 f# a. {1 q
- void USART1_IRQHandler(void)//注意,这个函数名必须这样写,否则进不了USART1中断。详见库函数中的 IRQn_Type 结构体
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& L( i, R! y/ ~$ f1 ~ - char temp= '0';
4 f* C0 O6 A! h/ t( S - if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_RXNE) == SET)//判断是否接收到数据
4 s' V1 [# T2 N( M - {
* v( ?( [$ Y4 p7 C( T( g - temp = USART1->DR;//如果接收到数据,就将其读出,这样才可将RXNE寄存器清除+ b4 X- Z7 v4 [5 `6 Z. B3 `
- if(temp == 'G')//如果接收到G 则关灯: s( U0 B) z5 o6 c( ^7 O! `
- {- w) L/ d0 R) v5 X- p
- GPIOC->BRR = GPIO_Pin_13;1 x" I" [2 _5 {1 R
- }else if(temp == 'K')//开灯
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' |2 M) Q9 c! p - GPIOC->BSRR = GPIO_Pin_13;
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- [2 H% `5 l2 @8 X( A) c5 z& r - if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TXE) && temp != '0')//如果发送寄存器为空,即可以发送数据
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p( ~3 P/ R. R4 C) `$ ^ - USART1->DR = temp;将接收到的数据再发送回去8 ~5 @2 Q7 w! ?- E
- while(!USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC));等待数据发送完毕
- I( V4 g; |% j" w* s) {) v - }- Y8 @# y( e, ?! ^$ j- g
- }
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5,编写主函数4 X: e0 N2 q/ w8 q& @- L- f1 U
老规矩,先贴代码再解释:7 `1 L7 |; K' k. y
- int main()# |8 P1 [, k, P) z
- {7 T0 v. ]2 P+ q* U1 G( R
- IO_Init();. ^& g' s2 n: w7 Z3 w J
- Usart1_Init();2 K& ~2 c$ w" X9 @
- Nvic_Init();
, o3 E, Q7 i' w) Z) i8 c - USART_ITConfig(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE,ENABLE);//这里是打开串口的接收中断,以便在USART1收到数据时,进入中断函数。这里特别提一下,现在不用打开发送中断,只有在准备发送数据时才应打开,否则会直接进入中断函数。
8 y2 y, C1 B/ q: q! c - GPIOC->BSRR = GPIO_Pin_13;
0 |& F3 l1 l& y" @5 H2 B# z - while(1){}, n* o# K+ F& t7 I+ v) `/ T- l) j
- }
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4 `8 Q% Z/ F% A1 R* i+ p$ z8 r+ P6 a额。。。突然发现没什么好解释的。
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中断串口通信介绍到此完毕。) r1 ^) @; W7 m; K
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本文完整代码如下:* L' \1 D. u1 J |8 r9 R
- #include<stm32f10x.h>- J3 j( l2 w! T% S
- #define uint unsigned int6 l/ E) ?5 n% R9 _. f. Q( A1 ^
- #define uchar unsigned char( i. x w% }/ F" C0 S* o0 F! E f
- void delay(uint n)# O; R2 X9 h- u7 U, R9 [+ d
- {: K5 W& F7 v: P+ g% v8 w) E
- int i,j; p; R2 a/ n1 X# [" I# G
- for(i=0;i<n;i++)
. W0 E" Y' c: p& l - for(j=0;j<8500;j++);
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4 O, M7 R; L6 k7 C/ S - void IO_Init()2 Q2 `! B% \1 k9 j2 {$ j7 A( n+ N
- {
8 j: Z* Q% z/ `) D - GPIO_InitTypeDef Uart_A;
, u+ g+ t4 o! R( A - GPIO_InitTypeDef led;5 R$ q8 S1 l# |6 z
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC| RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO,ENABLE);+ F& E# \5 W9 O/ D% J; r' H1 K S
-
# e& [% d) k* i4 g2 L - GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_Remap_SWJ_Disable|GPIO_Remap_SWJ_JTAGDisable,ENABLE);
* E1 ~1 L6 P6 ?: b3 P* l/ F& k -
* l* ?0 W8 X1 v: O' P - led.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;) O! Q9 j0 F/ F, r$ V' o
- led.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
8 Z1 \3 P: K: \- X - led.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
, I3 Y+ i! g9 B7 G* H - GPIO_Init(GPIOC,&led);8 m- Z. v- ]/ t* P8 } t$ Z" z
-
4 Q% ~% K1 }7 g6 t$ X3 V: t1 x4 c' X - Uart_A.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
" Q. i2 z- h; X3 @6 ? - Uart_A.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
: c3 d2 t3 W& J1 E) ]. _1 Z' j - Uart_A.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
7 U/ X0 B/ d7 j z1 z/ u: R - GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&Uart_A);
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- Uart_A.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
4 b0 i$ R9 P9 r" @; a/ I: O - Uart_A.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;8 M# o# |) d, x$ d: P' S! c/ d
- Uart_A.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //page 1108 Q, h7 |8 M( c# B
- GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&Uart_A);6 r7 r3 L( a D" W
-
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" ^- T1 K+ v# }9 F - void Usart1_Init()
- }; G0 i: d7 V - {; j+ ]: Y6 n2 K0 n. l
- USART_InitTypeDef Uart;
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& O% v# ~% l) E+ P9 m - RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1,ENABLE);' G* c: z& \7 s" f M0 o9 p3 U
- Uart.USART_BaudRate = 115200;" t9 K1 s3 l# [- b! Z" u, [$ _
- Uart.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;5 ? J E- m9 Q! [) T
- Uart.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx; h( {% _2 [+ S
- Uart.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
; l( F2 A/ o B3 s5 K - Uart.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;4 B2 f' |/ ~; L0 A) k/ n
- Uart.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
; L# n6 q& a; P& ~9 j - USART_Init(USART1,&Uart);
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- USART_Cmd(USART1,ENABLE);5 a! W3 n9 {$ V1 J5 C9 C
- USART_ClearFlag(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC); //page 540- @) H3 n9 L) u7 X3 w+ m
- }
! R' X/ o& e$ G. b - void Nvic_Init()8 _9 u$ C2 h8 x
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- NVIC_InitTypeDef nvic;
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- NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_1);
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0 R, f( R) }, H% g( W& y3 h$ O - nvic.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
/ V& w0 P4 B; b) o$ ]9 J- g - nvic.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;, |6 V" s1 J& R* y+ b) Z
- nvic.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
& X5 h2 r7 N D1 Z& S - nvic.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
4 D- o6 c/ R5 a* g - NVIC_Init(&nvic);
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-
& r- n. f4 E$ w% D* K0 x6 `1 E8 j% E* J - int main()
9 S4 ^* ^) J6 H; ]/ R7 i - {
& u' X# r# m) l$ B8 Y - IO_Init();
, ~" W1 ~8 K2 H' B - Usart1_Init();
( k1 t: A2 `. f% o( O2 i# {. l( { - Nvic_Init();
2 M, X+ t; \ U# z9 B6 i - USART_ITConfig(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE,ENABLE);) J r% p) |$ \ {: e, c
- GPIOC->BSRR = GPIO_Pin_13;
/ B6 D3 _$ T6 X) l. z- I5 O5 S3 b - while(1){}
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- `/ `8 x0 a& r3 d9 Y4 c2 s - 1 G! Y$ j8 w' b, V& F5 j
- void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
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- char temp= '0';
6 C( n( x) u" E1 L6 M2 J/ m - if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_RXNE) == SET)
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2 G# u0 A% M. X7 i% { - temp = USART1->DR;9 D$ l: u& x, J* h2 w1 ^ ~+ A8 Q
- if(temp == 'G')
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- GPIOC->BRR = GPIO_Pin_13;- K0 b6 l6 F o4 @7 g. S5 C- H' X
- }else if(temp == 'K')* w* f; d! k! h |$ k
- {
- _$ O* v3 M" E6 {: j( W4 `# b - GPIOC->BSRR = GPIO_Pin_13;) J, U$ F' ]5 v
- }: {+ p) d! K, p9 c* Y$ ^: u
- }
7 V4 s" ^- x3 ] @0 k4 b - if(USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TXE) && temp != '0')
- j5 x+ f# v" c: P" e* R' t( z6 P - {
, y/ S+ S& V @: | - USART1->DR = temp;' G* z- _2 E! v' J* v q q! P
- while(!USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1,USART_FLAG_TC));
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- }
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版权声明:家安
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