STM32G431RBTx 基本模块 UART

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STMCU小助手发布时间：2023-3-1 21:21

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文章简介:	STM32G431RBTx 基本模块 UART

前言
串口可以实现单片机和上位机之间的通信，是生活中常见的通讯接口，本篇文章将以十二届蓝桥杯嵌入式部分真题为例，实现串口通信。

UART
1.原理图以及配置元素

分析:由图可知PA9为串口的TX端，PA10为串口的RX端。

2.CubeMx的配置步骤

配置两个引脚为红框中的模式，一定要先配置引脚模式再激活串口1，否则当你没有选定PC4与PC5的模式时，串口1激活时会默认选中PC4和PC5为TX端和RX端。

配置号PA9和PA10之后，激活串口1(题目要求波特率为9600)。

3.生成工程
点击GENERATE CODE生成代码后点击Open Project即可。

4.测试代码
interrupt.h:

#ifndef __INTERRUPT_H__
#define __INTERRUPT_H__
#include "main.h"
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart);
#endif

复制代码

interrupt.c

#include "interrupt.h"
#include "usart.h"
char RxBuffer[30];
unsigned char BufIndex = 0;
unsigned char Rxdat = 0;
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
if(huart->Instance == USART1)
{
RxBuffer[BufIndex++] = Rxdat;
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, &Rxdat, 1);
}
}

复制代码

main.c:

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
*
* This software component is licensed by ST under BSD 3-Clause license,
* the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with the
* License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
* opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "interrupt.h"
#include "lcd.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
extern unsigned char BufIndex;
extern char RxBuffer[30];
extern unsigned char Rxdat;
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
void Rx_Proc(void);
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
LCD_Init();
LCD_Clear(Black);
LCD_SetBackColor(Black);
LCD_SetTextColor(White);
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, &Rxdat, 1);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
if(BufIndex != 0)
{
unsigned char temp = BufIndex;
HAL_Delay(1);
if(BufIndex == temp)
Rx_Proc();
}
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/**
* @brief System Clock Configuration
* @retval None
*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
*/
HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
/** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
* in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
*/
RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
*/
RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/** Initializes the peripherals clocks
*/
PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART1;
PeriphClkInit.Usart1ClockSelection = RCC_USART1CLKSOURCE_PCLK2;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (unsigned char *)&ch, 1, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
return ch;
}
void Rx_Proc(void)
{
if(BufIndex == 22)
{
char car_type[5];
char car_data[5];
char car_time[13];
sscanf(RxBuffer, "%4s:%4s:%12s", car_type, car_data, car_time);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line0, (unsigned char*)car_type);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line1, (unsigned char*)car_data);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (unsigned char*)car_time);
}
else
{
printf("Error\n");
}
BufIndex = 0;
memset(RxBuffer, 0, 30);
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/**
* @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
* @retval None
*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
__disable_irq();
while (1)
{
}
/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}
#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
* @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
* where the assert_param error has occurred.
* @param file: pointer to the source file name
* @param line: assert_param error line source number
* @retval None
*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
/* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
/* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/