一、构建程序目录
新建src文件夹,用来存放c源代码
新建inc文件夹,用来存放头文件
二、编写源文件
在src文件夹下新建uart.c文件如下所示
- #include "uart.h"
- typedef unsigned int uint32_t;
- typedef struct
- {
- volatile uint32_t SR; /*!< USART Status register, Address offset: 0x00 */
- volatile uint32_t DR; /*!< USART Data register, Address offset: 0x04 */
- volatile uint32_t BRR; /*!< USART Baud rate register, Address offset: 0x08 */
- volatile uint32_t CR1; /*!< USART Control register 1, Address offset: 0x0C */
- volatile uint32_t CR2; /*!< USART Control register 2, Address offset: 0x10 */
- volatile uint32_t CR3; /*!< USART Control register 3, Address offset: 0x14 */
- volatile uint32_t GTPR; /*!< USART Guard time and prescaler register, Address offset: 0x18 */
- } USART_TypeDef;
- void uart_init(void)
- {
- USART_TypeDef *usart1 = (USART_TypeDef *)0x40013800;
- volatile unsigned int *pReg;
- /* 使能GPIOA/USART1模块 */
- /* RCC_APB2ENR */
- pReg = (volatile unsigned int *)(0x40021000 + 0x18);
- *pReg |= (1<<2) | (1<<14);
-
- /* 配置引脚功能: PA9(USART1_TX), PA10(USART1_RX)
- * GPIOA_CRH = 0x40010800 + 0x04
- */
- pReg = (volatile unsigned int *)(0x40010800 + 0x04);
-
- /* PA9(USART1_TX) */
- *pReg &= ~((3<<4) | (3<<6));
- *pReg |= (1<<4) | (2<<6); /* Output mode, max speed 10 MHz; Alternate function output Push-pull */
- /* PA10(USART1_RX) */
- *pReg &= ~((3<<8) | (3<<10));
- *pReg |= (0<<8) | (1<<10); /* Input mode (reset state); Floating input (reset state) */
-
- /* 设置波特率
- * 115200 = 8000000/16/USARTDIV
- * USARTDIV = 4.34
- * DIV_Mantissa = 4
- * DIV_Fraction / 16 = 0.34
- * DIV_Fraction = 16*0.34 = 5
- * 真实波特率:
- * DIV_Fraction / 16 = 5/16=0.3125
- * USARTDIV = DIV_Mantissa + DIV_Fraction / 16 = 4.3125
- * baudrate = 8000000/16/4.3125 = 115942
- */
- #define DIV_Mantissa 4
- #define DIV_Fraction 5
- usart1->BRR = (DIV_Mantissa<<4) | (DIV_Fraction);
-
- /* 设置数据格式: 8n1 */
- usart1->CR1 = (1<<13) | (0<<12) | (0<<10) | (1<<3) | (1<<2);
- usart1->CR2 &= ~(3<<12);
-
- /* 使能USART1 */
- }
-
- int getchar(void)
- {
- USART_TypeDef *usart1 = (USART_TypeDef *)0x40013800;
- while ((usart1->SR & (1<<5)) == 0);
- return usart1->DR;
- }
- int putchar(char c)
- {
- USART_TypeDef *usart1 = (USART_TypeDef *)0x40013800;
- while ((usart1->SR & (1<<7)) == 0);
- usart1->DR = c;
-
- return c;
- }
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在inc文件夹下新建uart.h内容如下
- #ifndef _UART_H
- #define _UART_H
- void uart_init(void);
- int getchar(void);
- int putchar(char c);
- #endif
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在src文件夹下新建led.c文件如下所示
- #include "led.h"
- int delay(int ndelay)
- {
- volatile int n = ndelay;
- while(n--);
- return 0;
- }
- void led_init(void)
- {
- unsigned int *pReg;
-
- /* 1、使能GPIOB */
- pReg = (unsigned int *)(0x40021000 + 0x18);
- *pReg |= (1<<3);
-
- /* 2、设置GPIOB5为输出引脚 */
- pReg = (unsigned int *)(0x40010C00 + 0x00);
- *pReg |= (1<<20);
- pReg = (unsigned int *)(0x40010C00 + 0x0C);
- *pReg &= ~(1<<5);
- }
- void led_on(void)
- {
- unsigned int *pReg = (unsigned int *)(0x40010C00 + 0x0C);
-
- /* 设置GPIOB5输出0 */
- *pReg &= ~(1<<5);
- }
- void led_off(void)
- {
- unsigned int *pReg = (unsigned int *)(0x40010C00 + 0x0C);
-
- /* 设置GPIOB5输出1 */
- *pReg |= (1<<5);
- }
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在inc文件夹下新建led.h内容如下
- #ifndef __LED_H
- #define __LED_H
- int delay(int ndelay);
- void led_init(void);
- void led_on(void);
- void led_off(void);
- #endif
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然后将led.c、uart.c添加到工程中,并添加inc文件夹为头文件目录
三、修改主函数
将了原来的led.c修改为main.c如下所示
- #include "uart.h"
- #include "led.h"
- int main(void)
- {
- uart_init();
- led_init();
- putchar('s');
- putchar('t');
- putchar('m');
- putchar('3');
- putchar('2');
- putchar('f');
- putchar('1');
- putchar('0');
- putchar('3');
- putchar('\r');
- putchar('\n');
- while(1)
- {
- led_on();
- delay(1000000);
- led_off();
- delay(1000000);
- }
- }
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四、编写汇编程序
汇编程序start.s修改为如下所示
- Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 ;定义堆栈大小为1024byte
- AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 ;定义一个数据段,标记为STACK,即栈,不写入初始值初,对RAM来说,即初始化为0,8字节对齐
- Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size ;保留Stack_Size大小的栈空间
- __initial_sp ;标号,代表堆栈顶部地址,后面有用
- PRESERVE8 ;指示编译器8字节对齐
- THUMB ;指示编译器以后的指令为THUMB指令
- ; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset
- AREA RESET, CODE, READONLY ;定义只读数据段,标记为RESET,其实放在CODE区,位于0地址
- EXPORT __Vectors ;在程序中声明一个全局的标号__Vectors,该标号可在其他的文件中引用
-
- __Vectors DCD __initial_sp ;当前地址写入一个字(32bit)数据,值应该为栈顶地址
- DCD Reset_Handler ;当前地址写入一个字(32bit)数据,值为Reset_Handler指向的地址值,即程序入口地址
- AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ;定义代码段,标记为.text
- ; Reset handler ;利用PROC、ENDP这一对伪指令把程序段分为若干个过程,使程序的结构加清晰
- Reset_Handler PROC ;过程的开始
- EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] ;[WEAK] 弱定义,意思是如果在别处也定义该标号(函数),在链接时用别处的地址。
- IMPORT main ;通知编译器要使用的标号在其他文件
- BL main ;跳转去执行main函数
- B . ;原地跳转,即处于循环状态
- ENDP
- ALIGN ;填充字节使地址对齐
- END ;整个汇编文件结束
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五、运行
编译烧录运行可以看到其打印的信息
六、优化
接下来我们在uart.c中添加如下两个函数用来打印字符串和16进制数
- int putstring(const char *s)
- {
- while (*s)
- {
- putchar(*s);
- s++;
- }
- return 0;
- }
- void puthex(unsigned int val)
- {
- /* 0x76543210 */
- int i, j;
- //puts("0x");
- putchar('0');
- putchar('x');
- for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
- {
- j = (val >> (i*4)) & 0xf;
- if ((j >= 0) && (j <= 9))
- putchar('0' + j);
- else
- putchar('A' + j - 0xA);
- }
- }
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修改main函数如下所示
编译烧录运行可以看到其串口打印如下
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转载:Willliam_william
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