STM32F103+OLED曲线绘制
从本文的标题便能看出,此次分享的内容是以STM32F103C8T6芯片为控制核心,OLED则为0.96寸I2C通信的4针类型。其实OLED的类型不是重点,各种类型的操作基本大同小异,无非是读写通信方式的不同而已,接下来为大家详细介绍OLED屏除显示汉字、字符、数字外,绘图功能的实现,大体分为硬件连接与软件代码编写两大部分。
硬件连接部分
0.96寸OLED屏如下图所示:
根据上图我们可以看到,这个型号的OLED屏只有4个引脚,真正与MCU通信的信号线才2根,比较适合于通用I/O口资源较少的控制芯片。在本文中OLED与STM32F103C8T6芯片的硬件I2C相连接: PB6 – SCL;PB7 – SDA 。
软件程序部分
1. OLED I2C通信代码- void I2C_Configuration(void)
- {
- I2C_InitTypeDef I2C_InitStructure;
- GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
- RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_I2C1,ENABLE);
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,ENABLE);
- /*STM32F103C8T6芯片的硬件I2C: PB6 -- SCL; PB7 -- SDA */
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6 | GPIO_Pin_7;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;//I2C必须开漏输出
- GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
- I2C_DeInit(I2C1);//使用I2C1
- I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Mode = I2C_Mode_I2C;
- I2C_InitStructure.I2C_DutyCycle = I2C_DutyCycle_2;
- I2C_InitStructure.I2C_OwnAddress1 = 0x30;//主机的I2C地址,随便写的
- I2C_InitStructure.I2C_Ack = I2C_Ack_Enable;
- I2C_InitStructure.I2C_AcknowledgedAddress = I2C_AcknowledgedAddress_7bit;
- I2C_InitStructure.I2C_ClockSpeed = 400000;//400K
- I2C_Cmd(I2C1, ENABLE);
- I2C_Init(I2C1, &I2C_InitStructure);
- }
- /**
- * @brief I2C_WriteByte,向OLED寄存器地址写一个byte的数据
- * @param addr:寄存器地址
- * data:要写入的数据
- * @retval 无
- */
- void I2C_WriteByte(uint8_t addr,uint8_t data)
- {
- while(I2C_GetFlagStatus(I2C1, I2C_FLAG_BUSY));
-
- I2C_GenerateSTART(I2C1, ENABLE);//开启I2C1
- while(!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT));/*EV5,主模式*/
- I2C_Send7bitAddress(I2C1, OLED_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter);//器件地址 -- 默认0x78
- while(!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED));
- I2C_SendData(I2C1, addr);//寄存器地址
- while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED));
- I2C_SendData(I2C1, data);//发送数据
- while (!I2C_CheckEvent(I2C1, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED));
-
- I2C_GenerateSTOP(I2C1, ENABLE);//关闭I2C1总线
- }
- /**
- * @brief WriteCmd,向OLED写入命令
- * @param I2C_Command:命令代码
- * @retval 无
- */
- void WriteCmd(unsigned char I2C_Command)//写命令
- {
- I2C_WriteByte(0x00, I2C_Command);
- }
- /**
- * @brief WriteDat,向OLED写入数据
- * @param I2C_Data:数据
- * @retval 无
- */
- void WriteDat(unsigned char I2C_Data)//写数据
- {
- I2C_WriteByte(0x40, I2C_Data);
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_Init,初始化OLED
- * @param 无
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_Init(void)
- {
- DelayMs(100); //这里的延时很重要
-
- WriteCmd(0xae);//--turn off oled panel"关闭led面板"
- WriteCmd(0x00);//---set low column address设置低列地址
- WriteCmd(0x10);//---set high column address设置高列地址
- WriteCmd(0x40);//--set start line address设置起始地址线 Set Mapping RAM Display Start Line (0x00~0x3F)
- WriteCmd(0x81);//--set contrast control register设置对比度控制寄存器
- WriteCmd(0xcf); // Set SEG Output Current Brightness设置亮度控制寄存器
- WriteCmd(0xa1);//--Set SEG/Column Mapping 0xa0左右反置 0xa1正常
- WriteCmd(0xc8);//Set COM/Row Scan Direction 0xc0上下反置 0xc8正常
- WriteCmd(0xa6);//--set normal display
- WriteCmd(0xa8);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)设置多路复用
- WriteCmd(0x3f);//--1/64 duty
- WriteCmd(0xd3);//-set display offset Shift Mapping RAM Counter设置显示的偏移映射内存计数器 (0x00~0x3F)
- WriteCmd(0x00);//-not offset取消偏移补偿
- WriteCmd(0xd5);//--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency设置显示时钟分频比/振荡器频率
- WriteCmd(0x80);//--set divide ratio, Set Clock as 100 Frames/Sec设置分离比例,时钟设置为100帧/秒
- WriteCmd(0xd9);//--set pre-charge period预充电时间
- WriteCmd(0xf1);//Set Pre-Charge as 15 Clocks & Discharge as 1 Clock预充电15钟及放电1时钟
- WriteCmd(0xda);//--set com pins hardware configurationCOM引脚设置硬件配置
- WriteCmd(0x12);
- WriteCmd(0xdb);//--set vcomh设置VCOM电平
- WriteCmd(0x40);//Set VCOM Deselect Level取消设置VCOM电平
- WriteCmd(0x20);//-Set Page Addressing Mode (0x00/0x01/0x02)设置页面寻址模式(0x00 /头/ 0x02)
- WriteCmd(0x02);//
- WriteCmd(0x8d);//--set Charge Pump enable/disable设置电荷泵启用/禁用
- WriteCmd(0x14);//--set(0x10) 设为0x10失能
- WriteCmd(0xa4);// Disable Entire Display On (0xa4/0xa5)禁用整个显示
- WriteCmd(0xa6);// Disable Inverse Display On (0xa6/a7) 禁用反显示
- WriteCmd(0xaf);//--turn on oled panel打开led面板
-
- }
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2.OLED的相关操作函数
2.1.基础函数
- /**
- * @brief OLED_SetPos,设置光标
- * @param x,光标x位置
- * y,光标y位置
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_SetPos(unsigned char x, unsigned char y) //设置起始点坐标
- {
- WriteCmd(0xb0+y);
- WriteCmd(((x&0xf0)>>4)|0x10);
- WriteCmd((x&0x0f)|0x01);
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_Fill,填充整个屏幕
- * @param fill_Data:要填充的数据
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_Fill(unsigned char fill_Data)//全屏填充
- {
- unsigned char m,n;
- for(m=0;m<8;m++)
- {
- WriteCmd(0xb0+m); //page0-page1
- WriteCmd(0x00); //low column start address
- WriteCmd(0x10); //high column start address
- for(n=0;n<128;n++)
- {
- WriteDat(fill_Data);
- }
- }
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_CLS,清屏
- * @param 无
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_CLS(void)//清屏
- {
- OLED_Fill(0x00);
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_ON,将OLED从休眠中唤醒
- * @param 无
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_ON(void)
- {
- WriteCmd(0X8D); //设置电荷泵
- WriteCmd(0X14); //开启电荷泵
- WriteCmd(0XAF); //OLED唤醒
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_OFF,让OLED休眠 -- 休眠模式下,OLED功耗不到10uA
- * @param 无
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_OFF(void)
- {
- WriteCmd(0X8D); //设置电荷泵
- WriteCmd(0X10); //关闭电荷泵
- WriteCmd(0XAE); //OLED休眠
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_ShowStr,显示codetab.h中的ASCII字符,有6*8和8*16可选择
- * @param x,y : 起始点坐标(x:0~127, y:0~7);
- * ch[] :- 要显示的字符串;
- * TextSize : 字符大小(1:6*8 ; 2:8*16)
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_ShowStr(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char ch[], unsigned char TextSize)
- {
- unsigned char c = 0,i = 0,j = 0;
- switch(TextSize)
- {
- case 1:
- {
- while(ch[j] != '\0')
- {
- c = ch[j] - 32;
- if(x > 126)
- {
- x = 0;
- y++;
- }
- OLED_SetPos(x,y);
- for(i=0;i<6;i++)
- WriteDat(F6x8[c][i]);
- x += 6;
- j++;
- }
- }break;
- case 2:
- {
- while(ch[j] != '\0')
- {
- c = ch[j] - 32;
- if(x > 120)
- {
- x = 0;
- y++;
- }
- OLED_SetPos(x,y);
- for(i=0;i<8;i++)
- WriteDat(F8X16[c*16+i]);
- OLED_SetPos(x,y+1);
- for(i=0;i<8;i++)
- WriteDat(F8X16[c*16+i+8]);
- x += 8;
- j++;
- }
- }break;
- }
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_ShowCN,显示codetab.h中的汉字,16*16点阵
- * @param x,y: 起始点坐标(x:0~127, y:0~7);
- * N:汉字在codetab.h中的索引
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_ShowCN(unsigned char x, unsigned char y, unsigned char N)
- {
- unsigned char wm=0;
- unsigned int adder=32*N;
- OLED_SetPos(x , y);
- for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++)
- {
- WriteDat(F16x16[adder]);
- adder += 1;
- }
- OLED_SetPos(x,y + 1);
- for(wm = 0;wm < 16;wm++)
- {
- WriteDat(F16x16[adder]);
- adder += 1;
- }
- }
- /**
- * @brief OLED_DrawBMP,显示BMP位图
- * @param x0,y0 :起始点坐标(x0:0~127, y0:0~7);
- * x1,y1 : 起点对角线(结束点)的坐标(x1:1~128,y1:1~8)
- * @retval 无
- */
- void OLED_DrawBMP(unsigned char x0,unsigned char y0,unsigned char x1,unsigned char y1,unsigned char BMP[])
- {
- unsigned int j=0;
- unsigned char x,y;
- if(y1%8==0)
- y = y1/8;
- else
- y = y1/8 + 1;
- for(y=y0;y<y1;y++)
- {
- OLED_SetPos(x0,y);
- for(x=x0;x<x1;x++)
- {
- WriteDat(BMP[j++]);
- }
- }
- }
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2.2.描点函数
入口参数:
x:点的x坐标;
y:点的y坐标;
t:点的状态;“0”代表暗,“1”代表亮
- void OLED_DrawDot(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char t)
- {
- unsigned char pos,bx,temp=0;
- if(x>127||y>63) return;
- pos=(y)/8;
- bx=y%8;
- temp=1<<(bx);
- if(t) OLED_GRAM[x][pos]|=temp;
- else OLED_GRAM[x][pos]&=~temp;
- OLED_Refresh_Gram();
- }
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2.3.连线函数
入口参数:
x1:起点的x坐标;
y1:起点的y坐标;
x2:终点的x坐标;
y2:终点的y坐标;
- void LCD_DrawLine(unsigned int x1, unsigned int y1, unsigned int x2,unsigned int y2)
- {
- unsigned int t;
- int xerr=0,yerr=0,delta_x,delta_y,distance;
- int incx,incy,uRow,uCol;
- delta_x=x2-x1; //计算坐标增量
- delta_y=y2-y1;
- uRow=x1;
- uCol=y1;
- if(delta_x>0)incx=1; //设置单步方向
- else if(delta_x==0)incx=0;//垂直线
- else {incx=-1;delta_x=-delta_x;}
- if(delta_y>0)incy=1;
- else if(delta_y==0)incy=0;//水平线
- else{incy=-1;delta_y=-delta_y;}
- if( delta_x>delta_y)distance=delta_x; //选取基本增量坐标轴
- else distance=delta_y;
- for(t=0;t<=distance+1;t++ )//画线输出
- {
- OLED_DrawDot(uRow,uCol,1);//画点
- xerr+=delta_x ;
- yerr+=delta_y ;
- if(xerr>distance)
- {
- xerr-=distance;
- uRow+=incx;
- }
- if(yerr>distance)
- {
- yerr-=distance;
- uCol+=incy;
- }
- }
- }
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最后实际运行效果图如下:
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