STM32链接文件和启动文件分析
8 h7 g2 n9 D) E" } C1 ?. TSOC: STM32F401CCU6 256K flash 64k ram
8 b/ v# d7 k" q: p6 H$ j0 HMem map:
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链接文件部分:
& F! z. m. \; P: Z8 T6 ~. = ALIGN(4);是指4字节对齐# F/ _7 K; d5 r3 K! k
.,小数点表示当前的地址位置,例如__MALLOC_SYMBOLS = .;的意思是`__MALLOC_SYMBOLS 的地址就是.malloc段的地址 O) a$ _3 G3 a) }9 @0 |0 f
一般的程序中包含常见的几个段:
; O/ K/ L2 l/ E- t4 R: rtext(存放程序). W) p4 `! S/ {8 J
rodata(存放被初始化的数据)# ?% l3 v% j. L* w$ L
data(表示初始化不为0的变量)- `" l y& G% c# C
bss(表示初始化值为默认的全局变量)
' b4 A' ]! K* g/ E6 T- O9 p& a" btext,rodata放在flash中,而data中的初始化值作为rodata放在flash中,变量在ram中占有空间,bss占ram空间! P# m) o7 a6 D6 a- v0 P5 `
如果没有AT> FLASH,那么编译bin文件时地址是连续的$ m& F/ p( H2 J4 m/ G
- /*
( C/ h$ @& t% b - *****************************************************************************
' |$ O+ v0 ?6 n. ^1 ?+ { - **
5 }/ E0 V1 w0 W4 Z9 u
5 m! }# l0 z) z- ** File : stm32_flash.ld
6 ^8 L: X6 a* D# u c3 g8 b n1 b6 t - **( N0 y3 Z# d4 }, W
- ** Abstract : Linker script for STM32F401VC Device with
# C; S, O5 T: _5 g - ** 256KByte FLASH, 64KByte RAM
" c/ s) H/ ^/ H# N, v - **+ }7 H& F8 ?$ |# Z4 V4 h8 Q7 K$ q- |
- ** Set heap size, stack size and stack location according4 n, M! B& H P8 f0 I7 U
- ** to application requirements.
3 X. s2 L+ E3 G$ H" p - **" {0 c9 H4 l( n3 L: l
- ** Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.
3 r u9 s( }# Q - **
: ~- r- q9 [- A+ J0 P& k0 B - ** Target : STMicroelectronics STM327 E/ c* k. W; K' l
- **+ ?. z- L: j, b: `' H3 T3 s* P
- ** Environment : Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R)
( u$ |9 m9 Z- H# I6 n - **
9 _# ^2 w& N0 G" @9 Q+ _# T - ** Distribution: The file is distributed as is, without any warranty
7 V8 Y; u% Z" \5 z- ?$ ^" m - ** of any kind.
" R/ c6 q# u6 S% V - **. V# C- _3 v' g/ C: K% M
- ** (c)Copyright Atollic AB.5 }' O: e D- V! ?. x
- ** You may use this file as-is or modify it according to the needs of your
' f2 ~! M" T7 t7 ^- ~ - ** project. This file may only be built (assembled or compiled and linked)
6 _' W3 \& g0 J5 M+ g* Z - ** using the Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) product. The use of this file together
H7 K1 H7 ^8 R! E- `4 ] - ** with other tools than Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) is not permitted., K) t1 ^0 w- _' }/ x5 t" k7 E' K
- **
- V3 N5 _. O; F8 E) I2 ?* B4 D - *****************************************************************************
2 Q+ }6 H* k7 c4 _5 q - */
$ e) |4 v& I8 A - /* Entry Point */
V+ S3 w4 ?- |+ o& N3 r - //指定入口地址为Reset_Handler
2 H+ ?, m3 U$ W: W2 a - //ENTRY(SYMBOL) :将符号SYMBOL的值设置成入口地址。' i- n/ j- P7 u u( y w
- //入口地址(entry point)是指进程执行的第一条用户空间的指令在进程地址空间的地址* s+ R* j; q' l5 P5 d
- //ld有多种方法设置进程入口地址, 按一下顺序: (编号越前, 优先级越高)
5 b2 y, B. A9 P6 N' Q - //1, ld命令行的-e选项/ m' _& H" D# r
- //2, 连接脚本的ENTRY(SYMBOL)命令" p$ J! j! M( G6 F5 x/ J6 r7 H0 A0 K. s
- //3, 如果定义了start符号, 使用start符号值
, {6 I" I6 ?( p+ m6 v6 e* C! A - //4, 如果存在.text section, 使用.text section的第一字节的位置值" c+ ]1 b6 z2 c$ `
- //5, 使用值0! X1 V' e1 @. u2 D+ K* d: U6 W Z
- ENTRY(Reset_Handler)
2 d0 a6 D5 [9 U: U
- L# V' V7 r$ \9 ]1 @- /* Highest address of the user mode stack */
$ }) `: f( i7 E: b, X, r - //ram的结束地址
. ^5 g2 r K) x9 x - _estack = 0x20010000; /* end of RAM */* m- X+ }3 R5 ]& U3 q) L! W V' Y3 X2 l
- /* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */( b% G% e+ N. a( x2 ]
- //指定的最小的堆栈大小0 _$ T! u% x& M
- _Min_Heap_Size = 0x200; /* required amount of heap */
0 |! [7 Y& _, H1 g, s; f - _Min_Stack_Size = 0x400; /* required amount of stack */! d f- A0 r; o6 D" Y2 |+ a
- $ h; R6 l5 X4 G) R( z8 a' o. s# ^
- /* Specify the memory areas */
; V) @; Y& o# o6 B* r% w& c6 a - //指定flash和sram大小4 T; G1 m- g0 i9 i; b
- MEMORY
8 D9 m1 g$ H2 ]% R* D" s - {
5 H c# C+ G' y2 u$ ^) Y1 s* l - FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 256K
8 R2 R l# Y/ ?, ~+ g& i - RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 64K
( W* _4 H3 S4 M q" p6 {* W - }+ a4 b9 h; p# J1 d- P: K5 s
0 d$ q @# E$ L, W, O# a( s8 H" t- /* Define output sections */
, @! W$ v) s D- s3 K3 ? - // 输出文件组合布局 z/ v+ k7 |# A! F# _2 b
- SECTIONS& h5 O$ A0 t3 A' i7 J( D6 ^( f! e
- {( s) c# s0 J7 ]' e+ N! b# v
- /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */
1 y, v8 `, {* n2 M4 r - //将向量表放在最前面,上电即可执行
$ r1 f% G: h* u0 a - .isr_vector :
' r6 z4 K- _& C - {
: u- C9 |! C" K. N( |0 r; W - . = ALIGN(4);
6 u) V2 k! _/ L: z5 ]0 E - KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */
" D7 k8 U& C- o+ Q+ V* W% c9 R - . = ALIGN(4);
1 a- N i/ S* o. d - } >FLASH
0 }6 y2 N( N5 O8 E8 [6 M - 1 n, P8 ]: A3 H- l9 {
- /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */
- ?; \" h+ X( V* {* H - //指定text段,主要存放代码
3 s& C# G8 O" b: P/ Z) p7 y8 s1 f - .text :$ U3 R( D& H) S# n) h
- {1 D! L3 m. A: J* |2 G
- . = ALIGN(4);8 L: F7 N: q- T! s9 F* A8 v
- *(.text) /* .text sections (code) */
; k( p5 E8 ~6 Y7 n - *(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */7 ~* d& @9 j3 t C* N7 ~
- *(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */
. M0 B2 |# T- W - *(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */* P2 A( G7 c# T/ R
- *(.eh_frame)
9 K7 Z4 I; {5 t) t7 R% X
7 n' c- L4 W$ o. S/ t" a- KEEP (*(.init)): ^/ ]. o6 J( o9 `
- KEEP (*(.fini))6 C4 J5 N* o* F. [/ E7 \
" e( a* e0 l/ P4 r( o- . = ALIGN(4);- m2 ]8 o! I) x- Y3 {! O1 ~4 M/ h
- _etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */
+ h9 P0 _! I g/ x3 u1 j - } >FLASH
- ~+ C1 j$ m, c( I) o. l% M2 a0 c - $ {3 q+ J8 s9 Q' t* O
- /* Constant data goes into FLASH */2 P* z, {) o5 W$ j
- //指定只读段* |$ v( |. t% J/ o* L& c
- .rodata :; h7 x# N* x3 N9 M! r
- {# `& r/ i9 G. R9 e. V
- . = ALIGN(4);" H0 ?. _% |4 _( T$ U
- *(.rodata) /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
1 q! K. ^; @3 V- q - *(.rodata*) /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
& z3 n3 G! a v b8 f0 P- ^ - . = ALIGN(4);; e9 z( R; M& N+ Z; c
- } >FLASH
( C! Z# ~2 h: z- i" G5 I" U& U$ ~# ?7 n - 6 }2 k# r0 H' a5 g9 K' q4 ~
- .ARM.extab : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH* `* G# L9 g8 X0 D" Y; c% h+ f8 ^
- .ARM : {
8 I0 Q5 J* {5 b" F - __exidx_start = .;# F7 z. W3 z$ ^, P1 a" M
- *(.ARM.exidx*)
7 }2 i) w" W: v {6 o) z - __exidx_end = .;
9 q7 Y- ^9 F B: y9 h, X! W. } - } >FLASH
. f7 `8 B! s% s6 F - ( [5 i3 P* t$ ^$ F
- .preinit_array :
9 I5 d1 }8 M+ L/ E( Q" p7 j - {- a- C# a9 R. p1 b3 j
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);
3 [. v4 d* z% g( ^) s# F1 I9 ]5 \/ G - KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
- A5 E; h$ H& Q( p4 ]- \8 ?0 F - PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);( T9 S j; g2 S3 K
- } >FLASH
# ~9 Z, F0 h7 d# p - .init_array :
0 ]6 J" s8 a2 G- N1 X. N - {' b. m- B( E. R1 M& @$ W7 d
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);
$ b" a2 @7 r6 j9 I& J4 O- {0 M - KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))3 g9 g C+ N. C$ }6 f4 G T
- KEEP (*(.init_array*)), x+ s4 p5 o' z+ U0 r( U! c- q
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
* l( X+ l) B+ @) }$ I$ W1 H1 M - } >FLASH
2 \: p" z! F: m6 `. c+ o8 h- ~ - .fini_array :
7 X+ l$ [# L ]' {& F2 f9 U" F - {' H/ ^; e3 {5 z
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
?2 @8 u+ ?# O. D# F: @ - KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))$ ?) W5 X- ]8 c' g7 j
- KEEP (*(.fini_array*))+ _- e& ~+ C7 ?; M
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);
6 v; U8 R4 f! J( O - } >FLASH
( _5 ]8 R7 c6 W& C! \ - * Q/ f% Q# ^5 b0 Y) w3 Y; f. _
- /* used by the startup to initialize data */1 ]" {: q* T: L* a+ N m8 N: W
- //_sidata 保存.data的地址相当于_sidata = & .data
; ?/ Y% m9 X0 T8 S - _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);
1 q' k" i& O3 e+ |$ t1 D) c
* T5 }% ~; H) h# @5 U6 K& f- /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */
+ _0 r$ M9 ]' w - //指定数据段在ram中,但是数据保存在flash中,在启动的时候需要将数据拷贝到ram中去。
) {1 R9 r9 E2 R5 R1 P5 Z$ l - .data :
$ C! v/ S% }/ t# t7 C' \' f - {
) G/ f7 t Z0 _9 E - . = ALIGN(4);
5 g5 Q( N" u5 J2 `: ~ - _sdata = .; /* create a global symbol at data start */; ? O- A+ E9 L; S& ^3 n
- *(.data) /* .data sections */
) A; F+ s9 d9 } - *(.data*) /* .data* sections *// E* t- Q7 `" E; b
& m$ J; q" g6 Z- f6 u2 ^- . = ALIGN(4);
' R/ ~; x6 p; n& v. ? - _edata = .; /* define a global symbol at data end */
1 D/ j0 Y' g3 \6 V. v1 v9 j - } >RAM AT> FLASH
1 h, s/ `& [6 @
# A" Y# ]$ g& L2 t-
. N! i7 i0 L& b: h - /* Uninitialized data section */% o* a. U! _1 _% c/ }* Q( x5 T" z
- //指定bss段
+ b& _9 E' s" v - . = ALIGN(4);& R3 N9 A3 E' M' c9 m, U
- .bss :' `! \2 W7 ]* z: d, ~
- {3 X0 p/ C" ^9 S/ M
- /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */) p7 I4 y* r/ X; O+ n$ W/ {
- _sbss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss start */
! H0 m; A& v" d* x - __bss_start__ = _sbss;4 m; B* D: R- g3 Y% ~
- *(.bss)
+ |6 D% X$ Y; m& n5 m6 R) a - *(.bss*)4 D, B3 y0 M* K# n% J
- *(COMMON)3 k* f- |7 X. w) V' i. x
- 2 c4 b) O6 H9 U _
- . = ALIGN(4);
1 i8 N( V' h9 C - _ebss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss end */
7 m4 U6 w$ i% ]' Z! O% @ - __bss_end__ = _ebss;
" s7 `* n0 X$ _( `$ u - } >RAM
0 W/ F4 q& |( B+ j/ Y4 f - 1 a6 W/ A, T6 h* W& [
- /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */
3 f' @+ ~$ o2 b/ p; l" } - //指定堆栈段/ z4 M& d* U, u, ~
- ._user_heap_stack :
/ _- V: P* Z8 R9 j' D" } u - {
q3 {5 o) N' X' ^ - . = ALIGN(4);
( m0 J2 O" ]; w! }1 r1 k - PROVIDE ( end = . );% x. Z4 k* {7 \: u2 Q% \! d; J* }8 C
- PROVIDE ( _end = . );
1 V/ z# N3 @7 a7 F/ m7 W - . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;' E: |. z' d+ v5 W0 \3 E2 L
- . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
* q; h R; [" @7 o( ?' U - . = ALIGN(4);
5 X" x9 W* Z- u" g7 T( H - } >RAM
4 N( K1 m- X2 G% E. T* |+ g
/ K! \ ]* T9 E+ Y* n" Q1 R- /* Remove information from the standard libraries */
9 ?7 K/ n. u3 a, u( f/ H5 u - /DISCARD/ :
, r2 F' h& y4 S# t+ I/ j! y - {: H. U$ A: J" Y4 w4 Z; c0 Z2 d' X
- libc.a ( * ). M3 E, C5 B. d) U' X
- libm.a ( * )
7 g" q9 H/ I/ P. @- J) m3 _ - libgcc.a ( * )4 F8 b" F- s- I/ x
- }
2 `7 @- i; T2 f! J" _ - .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
" s! w0 x+ N6 `2 \8 Q" D7 u - }
9 y8 C3 o1 o& z3 c5 x4 b( p9 `
复制代码 , D) u, f8 R1 T! O, |) I. W
启动文件
; N0 H! M+ O: L W s* ^- /**/ w8 |2 C4 q c8 o
- ******************************************************************************
4 p; [- K v: o - * @file startup_stm32f401xx.s3 u3 C3 T" w B+ W
- * @author MCD Application Team
3 Z, _8 d: {. _5 c( a" G$ n! } - * @version V1.8.0& I& x, U! N+ \2 D( m8 x
- * @date 09-November-2016& S& N7 _ J, w6 ?5 O: h8 I' b
- * @brief STM32F401xx Devices vector table for Atollic TrueSTUDIO toolchain.
8 N. E. F% n- h$ O3 W$ c# J, m. O - * This module performs:4 C2 m' M+ l" F) i! N& y$ k5 B
- * - Set the initial SP
4 a- B! H2 o3 T" T2 T" | - * - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,
0 A8 E. |8 l5 b& D4 { - * - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address
/ F: p0 m% b2 J2 J# \' J3 j. E - * - Configure the clock system
, W" j3 l# i% z: D - * - Branches to main in the C library (which eventually7 o/ ?7 u( i0 V" ^+ N- f, @) s
- * calls main()).
. P% ^+ k' r8 l - * After Reset the Cortex-M4 processor is in Thread mode,
$ [" f Q3 U8 ~; V7 E$ p$ @ - * priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main.
4 L+ X/ u1 m- n( U( g5 z - ******************************************************************************
& S3 `* z ]8 r% s+ r, E5 h - * @attention
: }- Z2 ^- p2 K ~ - *8 Z) B( m+ s& o; _
- * <h2><center>© COPYRIGHT 2016 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>- Z. Z2 o: V/ l% G' ]4 r5 L T
- *
0 S8 x0 E' h* S4 I - * Licensed under MCD-ST Liberty SW License Agreement V2, (the "License");- G$ m; x% n5 ?, w; P9 a7 _5 V$ M
- * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.# z+ X5 K- g9 m/ @% X7 D
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at:& |' \% f9 q. V% K; f; F
- *
. n5 _0 K/ r: _ - * http://www.st.com/software_license_agreement_liberty_v2
$ k# p7 K3 `, B' k3 h" H1 Y9 ?- g - *
! h: v+ X0 K/ R - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 4 _4 g ^! _: d* M) k d8 y' F: z
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
M0 |- c) `! U8 X - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.2 z6 G8 `- b: z1 x( h" v% ]
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and. n- \* Z0 K1 y4 L2 F" D: A( N
- * limitations under the License.
8 B) y$ o6 W, s! t6 B - *
* Y' ~5 h2 r6 G' q. N/ {$ F. d: k - ******************************************************************************/ I; k. v0 i: ]5 ?' h
- */
) o* Z/ J) T7 Z3 j% g - 3 H7 |, R U: F# K2 ]6 u' ^
- .syntax unified //统一汇编语法-UAL: Z6 `/ h6 `& A) ?6 i
- .cpu cortex-m4 //CPU类型
1 `1 H: \( W2 h1 _4 S3 Y% Q2 Q- q - .fpu softvfp //fpu 类型
3 B! x( Z7 x- K6 w) v4 Y# Z+ P - .thumb //thumb指令
! u& w b6 k; T7 x
% ?' ^) |4 {: E" p& L6 Q- .global g_pfnVectors //全局变量,外部可见. }$ M! K$ B* F* @: |
- .global Default_Handler //全局变量
/ E% _9 s( {9 k# E+ i% ` - ?2 z0 C7 O1 p& o1 D
- /* start address for the initialization values of the .data section. , {7 c. S. r* _ `
- defined in linker script */
1 O, \1 u! X3 O0 [& ?) s& r - .word _sidata //保存.data地址的变量
n( Q! Q9 k# }3 x( ]# { - /* start address for the .data section. defined in linker script */ ( Z/ ^2 t1 e, [: ~' {" [% x
- .word _sdata //data 段的起始地址,_sidata 4字节对齐后的地址,在链接脚本中定义7 B' Q) L4 D4 E- }! r8 o0 S
- /* end address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
+ m4 T4 B3 c/ u' h1 v8 O - .word _edata //data段的结束地址9 g6 e2 r! {! D, d D8 i
- /* start address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */ J. {0 [4 o* d/ V- v o
- .word _sbss //bss的起始地址; X7 i+ R' O2 S8 c6 b
- /* end address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */& c4 Q" Q" o2 C: }8 ]
- .word _ebss //bss的结束地址. Q4 T7 a7 R+ H) Z# |
- /* stack used for SystemInit_ExtMemCtl; always internal RAM used */
5 g* p- w- W/ N9 y5 l4 B1 Y* g/ z
0 c" f, }: p) l+ K1 K- /**
" D/ i/ ?! `2 V0 z9 i! w - * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor first
' ]6 U9 K5 Q) h) Y - * starts execution following a reset event. Only the absolutely
: L: H7 Q6 C9 ~' J: @& A - * necessary set is performed, after which the application
. Z; q: C1 k2 `6 w5 g- E - * supplied main() routine is called. - l+ B& D1 a, O3 O; f. e0 v' e
- * @param None# k0 o1 u% b! I! m
- * @retval : None
6 J+ D9 y. ~& d$ R6 ?# O, \ - */6 u7 ^/ u9 {$ B" y6 k7 S
- . L$ s5 ~5 V2 @8 I9 S# d
- .section .text.Reset_Handler //设置新的代码段
8 C" W: u$ B" h9 o - .weak Reset_Handler //.weak 声明其他的同名标号优先于该标号被引用。
' y8 ]( m6 L+ d7 @ - .type Reset_Handler, %function //.type将Reset_Handler 指定为函数3 q8 L3 G; Z6 n" D! p$ c9 u0 l0 X7 }
- Reset_Handler:
! h3 F# U* _0 ~6 t+ m' Y+ q - ; ^1 I g5 U* {% ~8 X7 t+ }8 |' C6 C, v
- /* Copy the data segment initializers from flash to SRAM */
! @$ o; t' U; p, r - movs r1, #0 //将立即数0存放到r1' g# a) C% d( R5 q. e
- b LoopCopyDataInit //跳转到LoopCopyDataInit 执行
1 R+ c1 D" q$ d r# a% i7 f - //下面是将初始化的data数据拷贝到sram中去8 o% U5 G4 Q* q. G$ z; v2 C
- CopyDataInit:- @0 d& G! w9 T2 U( S: v
- ldr r3, =_sidata //r3 = _sidata (flash中存放data的地址)
' `7 ^2 k: Z: i' B5 R - ldr r3, [r3, r1] //r3 = *(r3+r1) 取出该位置的数据
' I- c! _3 ]0 {; m - str r3, [r0, r1] //*(r0 + r1) = r3 将数据写入sram中r0 + r1的地方
; z9 t& S3 H. G1 L2 z+ W/ D - adds r1, r1, #4 //r1 += 4' n. k; H- D( l. A
-
* s; Z8 W+ }5 P# O3 x - LoopCopyDataInit:
" N, l, A a6 O. |* T9 g* t$ K3 m" F - ldr r0, =_sdata //r0 = _sdata ld文件中定义4 s; D& m$ J: f2 b" s
- ldr r3, =_edata //r3 = _edata ld文件中定义- K( g2 I, F& @ ?) \
- adds r2, r0, r1 //r2 = r0+r13 M; j7 r# q3 C e9 ]8 s
- cmp r2, r3 //比较r2和r3更新标志位0 ~- o' I3 J6 w2 `3 w% Z$ N
- bcc CopyDataInit //C is clear 就跳转(无符号数小r2 < r3)因为汇编是顺序执行,所以这里会被循环执行,直到r2 == r3# w0 N; t2 _- }) x' z( C! o
- ldr r2, =_sbss //r2 = _sbss ld文件中定义8 K4 s& f/ z3 X3 B
- b LoopFillZerobss
; [0 ?1 W: D8 K" g: j# ]4 z - /* Zero fill the bss segment. */ 1 S/ v; T/ n+ D! ?2 L* o0 `
- FillZerobss:
0 m6 O& X. Z: p( g- |5 R - movs r3, #0 //r3 = 0
% b( x$ x+ i, ]& ?+ K& S8 o+ ` - str r3, [r2], #4 //*r2 = 0; r2 += 4;
9 e& [5 p( Z+ y4 ~: g -
5 n4 L! b/ B7 }" c% ~/ U - LoopFillZerobss: //将bss数据初始化为0. Z: r) `: n; }3 W/ w4 F
- ldr r3, = _ebss //r3 = _ebss ld文件中定义
, L0 w( U# j! s - cmp r2, r3 //比较r2 r3
9 D" y4 ]. n' a& ^& R% ]6 {% T - bcc FillZerobss //r2 < r3跳转
: S8 o& k% b8 f% v; ]
9 [0 \8 f- J4 E* K- /* Call the clock system intitialization function.*/+ e" W0 ~1 k- s7 A
- bl SystemInit //跳转到SystemInit
, X! k9 R5 s: C4 W! E3 L4 N - /* Call static constructors */
. E1 D6 N0 f5 f, p% m - //__libc_init_array 这个函数中执行的关键过程如下:
; e1 _8 a* R3 O$ J- U - //调用 .preinit_array 段中的预初始化函数* I6 d/ e! S8 A9 O8 g. S$ s8 Z* g0 w
- //调用 .init 段中的 _init 函数
6 }. X2 e* U% Z O - //调用 .init_array 中的所有函数9 x2 ]. l2 i! g. A
- bl __libc_init_array
+ e; W$ }/ }9 V/ d6 u8 i - /* Call the application's entry point.*/
/ O" u+ @, _! x% }& z* t - bl main
# \4 p& M9 a" H. f0 g8 F" i8 J - bx lr
+ F; q1 O7 E: l) I5 X- U- Z; y- d1 x0 Y - // .size name,expression:将符号name所占空间设为expression(就是Reset_Handler函数大小) P5 E% Z9 u5 h) z# D4 l U
- .size Reset_Handler, .-Reset_Handler7 @. V- u) j4 l4 [
- * W9 v# R& T9 W3 e0 Z1 E% S0 @/ f& Y
- /**
1 r$ Q( X. T, s+ m ~, s0 u. ?* Q - * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor receives an $ h2 O1 Q- J" N
- * unexpected interrupt. This simply enters an infinite loop, preserving' A4 n2 S( P( Z* a0 H( Q1 n0 E* V
- * the system state for examination by a debugger.) l4 g$ O! y$ _: w. ^) x6 U. u
- * @param None $ W2 `5 q0 I$ H. P) j' ^
- * @retval None
+ h. R/ ]& Q9 m- ^ u - */- O" j/ m, z8 a O3 u9 V/ T- T
- //Default_Handler是个死循环+ l$ D( J: ^7 v7 [1 ~( c0 S
- .section .text.Default_Handler,"ax",%progbits% K+ P9 F- }$ H/ y
- Default_Handler:8 m1 k x* t9 x6 s2 I& `
- Infinite_Loop:' @6 S: K! ^* q( R' B7 v; ?) r
- b Infinite_Loop
& o4 J4 c) z% v7 o - .size Default_Handler, .-Default_Handler
( z1 r/ ~5 `3 ~! K/ R - /******************************************************************************- b9 |8 w) [4 t8 F( u
- *
0 ]7 b( R* B U+ L - * The minimal vector table for a Cortex M3. Note that the proper constructs! t! H% N# z$ f- C
- * must be placed on this to ensure that it ends up at physical address
0 n# c! Q* H( C& s; W; z5 m - * 0x0000.0000.
5 f7 \" V( t* \) c' x6 d - * % j; o" `! q+ u
- *******************************************************************************/& O8 J5 i7 S7 e7 n: ]9 d$ ]
- .section .isr_vector,"a",%progbits" x; B) y4 r3 }. N; L0 ~2 w
- .type g_pfnVectors, %object% h# z3 L" y% Q7 U2 S- G" } }4 s
- .size g_pfnVectors, .-g_pfnVectors
Q* h4 f4 |8 O4 i- d& {& _ - 8 } _+ n2 K ], E& I4 A
- // _estack是栈顶的值,这个值保存在flash的0地址处,flash的地址为0x08000000,1 C( s* n# N3 m- b4 r
- // 所以0x08000000保存_estack的值+ e5 r V5 o9 @: A: R3 h9 m
- g_pfnVectors:
* r F4 X7 t. U* u8 } - .word _estack
. f; r' I, [) Q' N - .word Reset_Handler
+ p9 d) ]# }8 N8 Z - .word NMI_Handler
7 n3 t. N' M& p4 x* g - .word HardFault_Handler" x8 V; h, A4 A3 V& u+ j6 v
- .word MemManage_Handler
' g. V4 i0 F& S2 C - .word BusFault_Handler
+ ?; c0 n, y7 q; B9 X* O+ c - .word UsageFault_Handler
% |9 y- C8 d" K9 v- N! K - .word 0 y* b Z# X; ^! q; M) T' c
- .word 0. |% q# U" j) G3 l7 N9 @
- .word 07 J/ x) L2 x& I/ o9 m
- .word 0, t7 p' C- q. ?$ J: w9 \
- .word SVC_Handler# L3 @0 m9 c" m V* h( F
- .word DebugMon_Handler% j( X/ V6 G* U, v
- .word 0
/ j; {7 g% E! k0 L( Y - .word PendSV_Handler8 z( H: o( f" O( h
- .word SysTick_Handler: | {4 V* T' E" l! b% [1 ~
-
6 \; o9 `- F9 N3 R" w9 S, n4 ]. r - /* External Interrupts */
; R1 H) r8 h5 E' F$ Y; F - .word WWDG_IRQHandler /* Window WatchDog */ + u* ^' c$ e! x9 b! k2 z0 d6 W
- .word PVD_IRQHandler /* PVD through EXTI Line detection */
; }# l$ i+ T$ A8 ~ J: q ] - .word TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler /* Tamper and TimeStamps through the EXTI line */ - |' b# g! C, ^7 j. H9 F( o: h+ T. `
- .word RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler /* RTC Wakeup through the EXTI line */ ! q# e5 L6 C9 t( l; X! D
- .word FLASH_IRQHandler /* FLASH */
6 q2 U) B( s3 b7 V- { - .word RCC_IRQHandler /* RCC */
2 l+ N5 U- d5 l& l8 _' j - .word EXTI0_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line0 */ ' b" b' T( P6 |7 N# v* r
- .word EXTI1_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line1 */
+ h9 x& Y7 a( P - .word EXTI2_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line2 */
2 q1 m4 ]7 N. T! D: g1 s, h- L0 ? - .word EXTI3_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line3 */ 0 H. u9 r( W9 T* W. ~' P
- .word EXTI4_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line4 */ 4 j2 E# D& [! f8 i3 n5 ?% L! N) j
- //略...
: ]2 F% {% O8 Y# @' T* W4 F9 U% T, ] - ; y% j+ m `! X
- /*******************************************************************************
5 l$ r3 L5 j! Y/ x - *0 `2 A) }* k+ _# {/ p
- * Provide weak aliases for each Exception handler to the Default_Handler.
$ @3 d0 l2 @. }" o8 ^+ @+ | - * As they are weak aliases, any function with the same name will override
3 ~% g7 Q. W8 M. d - * this definition., g0 Z3 {* @8 P0 o
- * + E/ W. P0 ^7 e' M; S/ N# w
- *******************************************************************************/ D( J r4 i K( R
- .weak NMI_Handler' y) T& S' A, j- L2 B
- .thumb_set NMI_Handler,Default_Handler
& M% `# I. o: u - * W# A) M" H; S
- .weak HardFault_Handler
$ Y. z q* u8 q0 }3 Q0 ? - .thumb_set HardFault_Handler,Default_Handler
, ~! | ^' u8 h. B; V - 3 P6 d% ^- K8 }; ]% w* N) w" ^
- .weak MemManage_Handler
4 x1 o$ n9 T% G( R - .thumb_set MemManage_Handler,Default_Handler. Z: b& G0 w7 I X; Y) x" t) P4 k
-
C# @- a: \% c# B - .weak BusFault_Handler! ?! t" v% _# l# ~* r, P
- .thumb_set BusFault_Handler,Default_Handler
, }, q7 O, J$ F) v: y - ( ~) l+ _1 |3 b% M
- .weak UsageFault_Handler
6 v8 K0 S$ @( n2 s' C. e - .thumb_set UsageFault_Handler,Default_Handler, M% h' } c& S
+ E: b8 h+ a8 T7 c- .weak SVC_Handler
: |' h+ ^% [6 Q - .thumb_set SVC_Handler,Default_Handler
7 g( h8 `" t( k' T4 S5 V
1 f1 t: Q/ B- \5 R) e) J. W- .weak DebugMon_Handler
, n+ }! E' E1 E% I - .thumb_set DebugMon_Handler,Default_Handler
, L3 ?) D6 m* f4 w: j4 y" z! j - 9 b) \/ F7 M6 e7 k( J
- .weak PendSV_Handler
2 E3 B4 H- k# e2 Y - .thumb_set PendSV_Handler,Default_Handler& @ M. T' E& J- ?6 |
& G# M8 I. \8 y- J5 V- .weak SysTick_Handler; B. ?5 J, A3 g( G O6 o ?7 U/ Z
- .thumb_set SysTick_Handler,Default_Handler * \; n( t) I2 H
-
' i$ Z# c; z" h3 u+ B3 g/ l" C7 { - .weak WWDG_IRQHandler
* q" u" X; ^! ~ - .thumb_set WWDG_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
/ `5 z! ~. ]$ A; Y$ k7 y - " X3 U' Q+ @ C7 a/ `
- .weak PVD_IRQHandler
) L# s" K2 t; q: \$ k. M3 ~) r* C2 X) R - .thumb_set PVD_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
% q; ]' e( V3 S2 l h* S" a) A - 3 C' ]* g/ F% d: s1 Y( t
- .weak TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler . e( u7 ?# n u4 \2 p8 w/ s6 b
- .thumb_set TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler6 ?$ I, j# r( ?& m6 l
-
' b# u+ K# q( n: ~& a4 ~ - //略..., n$ w" M5 g1 P) Z- S% m
-
* N; j: \7 I" E" J( f* R7 N - /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/) f9 ]* \" G) v* ?9 b: }3 ]
- 3 G5 D; c+ ^/ _$ N+ l+ {5 } N
复制代码 : g1 c* W' r' ?4 ^! v0 _+ G2 x2 N; E
总结:stm32链接文件链接后布局如下,可以看到跟链接文件的配置是一致的,Flash的起始地址放的是.isr_vector,isr_vector的第一个地址放的是_estack,也就是msp(栈顶指针的值)
9 S' [' c ^1 H5 o
) e& d# R3 l( e/ ^' n' m$ G- tony@DESKTOP-VP4O54O:~/workdir/tony_linux_stm32_cmake/build$ readelf -S USER.elf 9 c1 u6 h3 E7 x
- There are 23 section headers, starting at offset 0x95690:
) y% h5 n( a: [/ g% ` - . U; b; D5 c! w1 s
- Section Headers:+ |6 ~' {4 a# M6 v
- [Nr] Name Type Addr Off Size ES Flg Lk Inf Al( V0 a' g' X5 D w: ?
- [ 0] NULL 00000000 000000 000000 00 0 0 0
/ f5 V! L; Y' O& e n - [ 1] .isr_vector PROGBITS 08000000 010000 000194 00 A 0 0 1& r5 u' V7 ], Z3 R! U! N, J3 I! Q
- [ 2] .text PROGBITS 08000194 010194 000afc 00 AX 0 0 44 h4 d- s6 \& y8 ?# h& e* o
- [ 3] .rodata PROGBITS 08000c90 020010 000000 00 WA 0 0 1: m/ p. U, e* `! Q4 ^0 O2 D# O
- [ 4] .init_array INIT_ARRAY 08000c90 010c90 000004 04 WA 0 0 4
" k2 h# s& h3 _& Z) U% f, Q0 g - [ 5] .fini_array FINI_ARRAY 08000c94 010c94 000004 04 WA 0 0 4
. A/ a* ]8 ^! ` - [ 6] .data PROGBITS 20000000 020000 000010 00 WA 0 0 4) w+ P0 o( e7 R
- [ 7] .bss NOBITS 20000010 020010 0000e8 00 WA 0 0 4
1 e/ G: W3 D/ I/ I0 w3 y- o0 z% [. l - [ 8] ._user_heap_stack NOBITS 200000f8 0200f8 000600 00 WA 0 0 1/ d, Y# C) a3 }6 b% T
- [ 9] .ARM.attributes ARM_ATTRIBUTES 00000000 020010 000030 00 0 0 1- r/ g$ E& ^) `* y- d1 q1 Z
- [10] .debug_line PROGBITS 00000000 020040 003936 00 0 0 1; U" s' _: g0 ^3 m, J0 Q$ a
- [11] .debug_info PROGBITS 00000000 023976 003df2 00 0 0 16 N/ D7 ?* q$ ^. c. ~; T1 o
- [12] .debug_abbrev PROGBITS 00000000 027768 000ace 00 0 0 1- h9 O* ?; L9 w3 N1 r
- [13] .debug_aranges PROGBITS 00000000 028238 000470 00 0 0 8: x- }& {5 ^6 B& S
- [14] .debug_str PROGBITS 00000000 0286a8 064708 01 MS 0 0 1
' {0 M! ~6 d! V; n" n4 K - [15] .debug_ranges PROGBITS 00000000 08cdb0 0003f8 00 0 0 8( Q4 J" g1 a% S( B0 n
- [16] .debug_loc PROGBITS 00000000 08d1a8 0027c4 00 0 0 19 g# c5 P' e0 d, l8 u* `! A9 x
- [17] .debug_macro PROGBITS 00000000 08f96c 00345e 00 0 0 1, K& G0 U( x2 c7 l1 v- S/ ]; _/ @( |
- [18] .comment PROGBITS 00000000 092dca 000049 01 MS 0 0 1
! ]9 o& ?! p, S, Q( t* o8 Q - [19] .debug_frame PROGBITS 00000000 092e14 00121c 00 0 0 4
# m4 ^; ~4 p7 O9 a4 T - [20] .symtab SYMTAB 00000000 094030 000d00 10 21 105 4
9 U8 E6 i6 ` k. x" R2 X( r$ \ - [21] .strtab STRTAB 00000000 094d30 000869 00 0 0 1
5 M/ z. S" t- ^2 F7 F/ T+ b - [22] .shstrtab STRTAB 00000000 095599 0000f6 00 0 0 1
+ r$ H% `% ?& B: i0 Y7 \, h - Key to Flags:5 g6 W/ p; y; _* T1 C z* l0 k
- W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
! r+ [) ^: l) L( Y - L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),& D7 ^% F F- @3 S1 P) u, d
- C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),
0 Q+ b9 s. q: ~4 E, F - y (purecode), p (processor specific)
8 B* z1 M* D& N0 r5 |. s
复制代码 6 \/ F5 w0 q5 v* M" B
所以上电后会从08000000 执行,对应的异常处理函数是Reset_Handler,Reset_Handler函数做的工作首先将flash中存放的初始化的data数据拷贝到sram中(0x20000000),然后将Bss段中的数据全部初始化为0,调用SystemInit 函数初始化时钟,最后跳转到Main函数执行。
* f: K7 o+ h6 [0 `. {7 J1 Jstartup.s中开头注释也有总结:
4 W0 ]& x7 P. w, h$ F( u9 v3 y' r- Set the initial SP7 A% |# X% d2 D& W* e
- Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,
+ l4 m+ o* _0 L3 M( s( ^% E* `- Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address9 H1 r) b z6 y
- Configure the clock system
6 h* W/ _- H" k( k6 {* C- Branches to main in the C library (which eventually calls main()).- J4 H' z3 q0 ]
1.初始化堆栈寄存器,这里msp寄存器时机器上电后就由硬件将flash 08000000 中存的栈顶的值load到msp* ?! o7 `: E9 V+ J* S. F8 ]
寄存器中。
" D1 W% y8 ]1 @; C* j* T$ }+ m9 S2.调用08000004 Reset_Handler异常处理函数$ h( w0 F2 p, _& o
3.设置异常向量表
0 x9 E% i; r; C# o4.配置系统时钟,SystemInit! o5 l# E z; T$ \8 R
5.调用Main( U* @/ t p, O4 A) y- ^
————————————————! Q5 H% D2 w( j
版权声明:tony++
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