STM32链接文件和启动文件分析$ W$ O& c) D7 [: b
SOC: STM32F401CCU6 256K flash 64k ram
. K7 w. z9 O; hMem map:
: F& R0 c; {2 l
, `: k; g& F2 f, Y& M# g
0 _& ?4 Z5 N+ N8 }, X, V' A2 a4 E; F. F! ^! S- ~; U/ G6 m1 K
链接文件部分:: G% o% c3 _. w/ o" k2 v( K b
. = ALIGN(4);是指4字节对齐
; p- F- Q+ w" M( C.,小数点表示当前的地址位置,例如__MALLOC_SYMBOLS = .;的意思是`__MALLOC_SYMBOLS 的地址就是.malloc段的地址
# A- u- d9 j1 @. C% u- }3 [" J一般的程序中包含常见的几个段:4 G6 N, s) N9 j* f* [
text(存放程序)
7 o8 ^# ^" i% Mrodata(存放被初始化的数据)
0 R- I0 \: h& O8 e# ydata(表示初始化不为0的变量)+ Z! f o4 l) r0 f7 Z
bss(表示初始化值为默认的全局变量)
& @& s5 f$ Z' k# ~: e; U5 Htext,rodata放在flash中,而data中的初始化值作为rodata放在flash中,变量在ram中占有空间,bss占ram空间
( V8 {. c! v( m, O& P如果没有AT> FLASH,那么编译bin文件时地址是连续的- H( d1 J. E& }4 R* z+ X& ]! L
- /*6 {/ o+ y* A' S$ ] N+ S) A
- *****************************************************************************- M( f5 M; {- E) J. a$ q0 J
- **1 U2 U. i6 b _6 N. ]+ \
% i* |. a+ }6 G# m% Z% W+ i3 o- ** File : stm32_flash.ld4 b' X" }! o* s( C h
- **) `+ W; D8 d- `8 @5 v+ Z1 }+ b* {
- ** Abstract : Linker script for STM32F401VC Device with
1 S! a3 G8 R1 a0 e7 f - ** 256KByte FLASH, 64KByte RAM
# G% i, @9 U3 a( |" @8 e - **1 x8 x0 B' y9 n0 \# R; ?
- ** Set heap size, stack size and stack location according! E0 A9 E1 [1 W2 }$ y2 u
- ** to application requirements.
0 `' l) |' L M& q: {2 Y# V - **/ E6 I2 c, _; A/ u( J
- ** Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.6 S4 ^" p( h1 ~3 h- L) ^. C
- **
5 ~, c& K% c/ N- `$ N6 Q - ** Target : STMicroelectronics STM32
# ~' _+ E3 t2 |: r$ I - **% R& E0 V6 N9 }% R! n
- ** Environment : Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R)/ F5 V& o7 @( k T
- **
* X* F- S: O: v; S; V& f. j2 u - ** Distribution: The file is distributed as is, without any warranty: N! ~3 L; ]$ a1 I$ _- r
- ** of any kind.
7 v1 ~' ?5 Q+ V. l* p - **
' [. N) F' ]( }9 \1 s - ** (c)Copyright Atollic AB.0 b+ B3 Y4 ?3 z: f' f% @* Z
- ** You may use this file as-is or modify it according to the needs of your
: |6 @* P3 o/ ^4 ~) L$ Y - ** project. This file may only be built (assembled or compiled and linked)3 T6 f4 c/ K- L; u
- ** using the Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) product. The use of this file together
" ^2 l- n/ b) j* \ - ** with other tools than Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) is not permitted.
0 O3 L/ V9 [1 e7 }2 l5 s) H9 A - **
" {- {" [% L; V, L+ x7 Q1 a; r - *****************************************************************************0 _' L5 {. e; t$ e" m4 M5 F
- */
! I0 Y' n+ r" O# P) J - /* Entry Point */
3 A/ l! d1 d6 u4 c - //指定入口地址为Reset_Handler
: @8 D( W" V* t- p0 s) H5 _ - //ENTRY(SYMBOL) :将符号SYMBOL的值设置成入口地址。/ `8 [! ^" C7 a/ ?6 h8 A3 i
- //入口地址(entry point)是指进程执行的第一条用户空间的指令在进程地址空间的地址' e4 g" X( w1 f- B3 g
- //ld有多种方法设置进程入口地址, 按一下顺序: (编号越前, 优先级越高)
5 }# {8 ^+ V4 j4 {6 S: d/ i - //1, ld命令行的-e选项) E- Q |" d/ ]; U
- //2, 连接脚本的ENTRY(SYMBOL)命令* o/ a: {/ V/ S& `- u
- //3, 如果定义了start符号, 使用start符号值, U) H% j0 k6 j3 X
- //4, 如果存在.text section, 使用.text section的第一字节的位置值0 l% g1 v4 l1 m( Q* p
- //5, 使用值05 x: O% {6 y2 v5 R& t6 h( M
- ENTRY(Reset_Handler)
1 d% k; f/ P; F }7 i+ o2 G - 6 [1 G" q! ?2 M: t; P+ a$ m
- /* Highest address of the user mode stack */
: `( u+ I$ C' O% n6 P$ ~8 } - //ram的结束地址. S8 d7 D+ {9 P% V$ s
- _estack = 0x20010000; /* end of RAM */
& `+ V/ }0 z# K: ~3 C - /* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */% [& f; u @+ L% b
- //指定的最小的堆栈大小) a o: R$ j. p5 M9 G1 n; Z* {
- _Min_Heap_Size = 0x200; /* required amount of heap */
! z5 f8 V' }" [6 R6 H1 @ - _Min_Stack_Size = 0x400; /* required amount of stack */
& _5 @6 y) |/ i) @% S9 K7 d& X+ { - 9 B3 T5 Q, R/ O! g3 d$ D
- /* Specify the memory areas */
) L6 O% y- k. n2 I# i - //指定flash和sram大小
2 _' q4 r6 l8 h) p ` - MEMORY
7 v& `2 N( e, _4 A2 M/ }2 N6 k - {
* B7 y% |) w" e) u2 N - FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 256K; ^8 H1 M! m* p2 ?4 d4 w
- RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 64K; z, K) ^) ^- @6 Q( `
- }
2 [7 e: I3 l0 ?( E' r; E' i
! a: p: x. ], ^- /* Define output sections */
2 H2 M8 _! f' Q: A( l7 G6 ^ - // 输出文件组合布局% r' ?+ ?& Y p8 r9 N
- SECTIONS [0 }0 J* \3 \3 I5 ^
- {& o% M/ e" v! o8 T: |) Y% u K
- /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */
8 ^0 W5 ?' E4 W - //将向量表放在最前面,上电即可执行
/ v0 d8 @/ V4 q7 W: h+ P0 V" @ - .isr_vector :8 T' r3 j. p- \/ b' q1 w
- {
* z2 k/ L/ P# @: D$ a7 L4 _; }6 y - . = ALIGN(4);
; Q, i- t! a8 t% M) i - KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */3 l, Y F3 D. e3 X% t* y3 {
- . = ALIGN(4);
7 \: C1 x! o0 { - } >FLASH5 Z3 A* E# G5 b) o. _
0 c* Z1 v3 D. O( N% C- /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */
- {4 B7 F" K9 m2 M( g& @ - //指定text段,主要存放代码
- Q1 ?1 E) Y: Z0 Y9 o - .text :' U m' e- W1 }4 H& H$ [9 i
- {
8 v5 ^# S; q) z% c; F- w- W - . = ALIGN(4);% o/ V2 Q6 _7 P" L9 M
- *(.text) /* .text sections (code) */
' Z) i3 H. i+ w( r) \" o - *(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */" |7 p5 K/ C: e' {" Y0 i
- *(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */
# K3 ~0 B6 H% c5 j/ k5 B - *(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */: @( W; d7 R0 l) w. d; K
- *(.eh_frame)
+ }: I# ]2 B# y# U - 8 [" B) t. b; \5 I4 B
- KEEP (*(.init))
% U; I. o% t( ^9 t* p! u - KEEP (*(.fini))
s8 \; [' c7 ~9 G
; g7 M ?# `" Z; c8 o- . = ALIGN(4);% `. L! b1 ^/ ^. ]- f0 R1 Z& Z; B4 h1 _
- _etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */" V3 d0 M: N* W- c1 c
- } >FLASH5 \- f: t3 q O) }
) N7 _# S7 F0 I4 S- /* Constant data goes into FLASH */
6 ^3 X7 Y F5 d- z - //指定只读段8 y8 @) }) ^& v/ e$ e" o1 R
- .rodata :
" h+ O7 k% Q: V/ e1 i - {
! o8 r& |) B. M* O2 |7 j - . = ALIGN(4);3 f+ p" F+ `* a& Q0 P
- *(.rodata) /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */" m: Z; v2 ?3 B5 `" e, e2 G3 X: b m
- *(.rodata*) /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
" W& A3 O7 `0 j" i* C2 C5 g% F2 b - . = ALIGN(4);& C+ R" z: T# f; n, j% O, n
- } >FLASH2 M d+ [3 K: Y6 }0 c, X* m g
* N* b9 k D& }* l7 g( s- .ARM.extab : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH/ C- d- z1 m" ~0 p
- .ARM : {/ [6 } a! z9 c m' d9 S/ L
- __exidx_start = .;
4 K- K6 T- s# I% { - *(.ARM.exidx*)
% r* v! R7 O8 h" G1 p$ P6 n0 \, W - __exidx_end = .;2 r. {8 t& r4 f3 I" p
- } >FLASH
5 C J9 O2 Y1 l9 q/ T( Y
$ c c% B" z- A- .preinit_array :
6 @6 x7 ~/ T G# ~& ^ - {$ ?! s9 t1 ~" X/ R# V. [9 Q
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);3 y1 [" I2 r5 @: ^
- KEEP (*(.preinit_array*))
1 n0 V) C" z2 F! O" i - PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);: z. @3 z" V2 r3 `
- } >FLASH
) \& o4 M! c6 ^( V" T# b - .init_array :
4 K( `" V2 e, g5 a2 ^* A - {! T$ a5 L7 n" e, B* j9 v
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);/ c0 z3 I2 E" s$ I2 z; R
- KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))3 |0 L: R( i2 A' c
- KEEP (*(.init_array*))
: L3 P6 q# l& i5 o+ \7 E' W9 _ - PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);
@9 S7 I i6 c - } >FLASH
2 Q! J: `# a! u x5 y! z - .fini_array :
9 y2 s6 L! w: C$ N. ` [" R+ t - { r' j% r1 m0 K, I
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);! |: v6 W- p8 V2 M" B
- KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))! |# C" F. Y6 X
- KEEP (*(.fini_array*)); i9 l7 E' {, \, P* ~
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);0 H- w- m' C# O+ F# C
- } >FLASH
9 B4 Z$ e1 Y' y4 K. z, z3 v
2 r) B3 T7 M1 i$ o" Y/ Z+ |2 A- /* used by the startup to initialize data */
: ~2 B: A. C4 X - //_sidata 保存.data的地址相当于_sidata = & .data2 R1 M0 ~& n7 K3 B* p" c0 ]
- _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);4 m5 k3 I/ ^1 u/ G. \0 `
- 0 Z, e: }9 J& R7 K% m& E+ b/ }
- /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */
! T% ?1 B1 `/ | - //指定数据段在ram中,但是数据保存在flash中,在启动的时候需要将数据拷贝到ram中去。
: a: f; z; P" k - .data :
% y( c, @' a d$ \- N - {
" A" j& k- |0 ~' v - . = ALIGN(4);8 h0 O0 C) K' X
- _sdata = .; /* create a global symbol at data start */
. r# p( G7 y0 @7 W" }, C. z$ G - *(.data) /* .data sections */
9 S; K& ?) p( B - *(.data*) /* .data* sections */
# N, U* Z3 q8 ~1 _ y) U
! \1 J5 j9 W# D$ Z/ ~- . = ALIGN(4);
/ z2 w' C' `% L5 F3 _7 V; @ - _edata = .; /* define a global symbol at data end */# n- [2 f) d6 S b% M3 @6 _
- } >RAM AT> FLASH
" ^4 R* ^9 K; q+ [3 ]5 D4 R
/ M# F$ U6 W2 c- T$ Z6 r: E- - _' ?( ] e# M
- /* Uninitialized data section */& o T4 {$ M0 ~9 i1 x' C
- //指定bss段 m/ ~: U+ P0 H% f |' |* A6 k
- . = ALIGN(4);
5 v' ?7 q/ X3 k5 }! ^5 _, ^ - .bss :
$ \( j" e+ N! \8 l) r. ?+ A4 { - {
! Y* m3 c" C8 V i/ a - /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */& [7 k6 Y9 T) ~& F( I
- _sbss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss start */) p5 {+ M) y1 S. W
- __bss_start__ = _sbss;
/ k# H J c. z - *(.bss)! v$ u6 p7 }& \
- *(.bss*)& I' C; g% n8 K* G0 t! V
- *(COMMON)
$ L# G! q$ I$ M+ l% F( M) i/ {
2 X$ z' O' A8 }. A- . = ALIGN(4);
3 }/ R# U+ `8 M - _ebss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss end */" C' R; S/ U8 O3 w
- __bss_end__ = _ebss;
& z8 ?+ k6 }# t: Z/ M( f1 b# T - } >RAM' N3 S% p3 C2 }+ K a5 U s9 Y, c
7 H' \, a! R9 C- R0 k6 s8 x- /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left */
* r% Y/ i% H3 M - //指定堆栈段
* [# n% p6 a7 j6 Z" v! P - ._user_heap_stack :
6 \9 j* M$ v* h/ s. a - {
' `/ w; H9 v5 t! Y* W* p - . = ALIGN(4);* j5 _, c6 e9 h* q* e0 s* j
- PROVIDE ( end = . );# r. S' U4 L$ R' k
- PROVIDE ( _end = . );* G9 O1 P0 D- c8 }1 f3 V, r; B3 s
- . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
7 x" M' N; ~, \/ ]) Q/ z/ E - . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
5 v/ o4 L: E2 R, R - . = ALIGN(4);* q% l3 _/ z7 n& x# ]8 {
- } >RAM
: v9 W$ A A A) p5 d
9 s$ c' g4 I$ s$ L- /* Remove information from the standard libraries */
0 \! \- ~6 v( O: j: d# G: _ - /DISCARD/ :
- ~* \1 V0 w9 r4 e! c# u - {! i" e0 z& a3 T% h U- O/ E
- libc.a ( * )9 @& A- Z2 @. F- \$ y0 O
- libm.a ( * )% \- m3 {" d" o0 k- F; d6 F
- libgcc.a ( * )# k+ a% b( `9 S9 y
- }, v+ i/ U( \5 z# h: U; e- E
- .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }' G9 Y* U) a+ Z0 S* O( ^1 C! c
- }
- f, T% Y# a8 i9 ?' v% \ [
复制代码 " B+ k' V% q4 V) ~1 B
启动文件
6 U- n, i, g' C& u- /**
( [# `: r% I: z" Z1 j - ******************************************************************************; D# `1 V4 X1 m/ |* M' `! b( }
- * @file startup_stm32f401xx.s1 |/ T. W) C; Y; k( M
- * @author MCD Application Team
# w! X/ V* I2 }! N; ^ - * @version V1.8.0* f0 \5 v6 K" q0 Z; j) p) Z
- * @date 09-November-2016 E* F) {) `! W' M5 L' N g
- * @brief STM32F401xx Devices vector table for Atollic TrueSTUDIO toolchain.: B8 ]/ K5 O# c4 U. }: Q
- * This module performs:, F- D# Y1 g4 y g5 l4 Q7 O5 g
- * - Set the initial SP( i: [+ ]( c! _/ u z: l
- * - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,8 J$ m; a1 b3 E1 p3 P, h9 G
- * - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address5 u0 I3 l7 W2 X
- * - Configure the clock system ( M8 |5 B G! S/ G6 P! e; ~4 c" W
- * - Branches to main in the C library (which eventually
. u$ n H% M/ K4 L% g - * calls main()).5 A* p$ q: V% L% S7 I
- * After Reset the Cortex-M4 processor is in Thread mode,) {" @! C: w1 ~ a
- * priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main.% a) n( x5 [% q/ O7 e% |4 b
- ******************************************************************************
; T( e R$ A, ` W8 G+ M - * @attention, `9 a G' V9 g! [4 j
- *
8 `: D8 A4 ]+ v - * <h2><center>© COPYRIGHT 2016 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>1 \2 B7 H3 h. ^6 @* Z# ~$ v
- *4 a5 d; X/ G, H7 I
- * Licensed under MCD-ST Liberty SW License Agreement V2, (the "License");
4 S1 J- j' |1 B) f( f - * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
! J3 q; r" l$ ^8 D2 s - * You may obtain a copy of the License at:. [( }/ ?, x: F- P3 ^
- *
G: W- y* E" K( N ]8 a+ C - * http://www.st.com/software_license_agreement_liberty_v2. Q7 O! g9 T; U+ [" Z
- *! w/ q# F* g) i: U+ o: I) @
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
% B+ P! F7 {/ F) T2 V - * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, ( P! u/ | M2 b6 g" o
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
( i5 ]0 u, b! J" ?4 ` - * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
0 C: C' P) o/ v - * limitations under the License.# `( a: G; N2 f4 W/ O/ `2 L# e3 w, N7 S
- *- ]! k( x9 Y# }9 T: \
- ******************************************************************************
1 r* [ \% t# r) q0 ^ - */
- e, h6 a% r3 [- g3 |1 e - ; _2 T* o$ m/ w H
- .syntax unified //统一汇编语法-UAL/ T& D {! u& w1 i* d+ O
- .cpu cortex-m4 //CPU类型
1 _2 x0 y% T2 R. q/ W) L - .fpu softvfp //fpu 类型/ @* n1 S$ |7 P
- .thumb //thumb指令
6 u: r( a; |1 L7 T" a+ k7 c6 F2 f
i5 I! W3 q9 i& O4 f5 [- .global g_pfnVectors //全局变量,外部可见6 b S- A% U1 G* J1 L; S# ^5 I
- .global Default_Handler //全局变量
9 m; A* j2 U+ ~4 ^6 w, _ - 9 q* e/ y$ N+ `8 K" V! X
- /* start address for the initialization values of the .data section. 6 Q8 V: w5 n- {% r4 y
- defined in linker script */ T% W! k9 k& B: W
- .word _sidata //保存.data地址的变量7 e. l8 G% e6 U' S* S q$ h
- /* start address for the .data section. defined in linker script */ 1 x; p2 O; h+ m7 T" Y
- .word _sdata //data 段的起始地址,_sidata 4字节对齐后的地址,在链接脚本中定义
J5 u" {9 v9 n - /* end address for the .data section. defined in linker script */% Y; j& l- i4 B
- .word _edata //data段的结束地址
& w) C% L) n- z- L, ` - /* start address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
- V( W- ?* j' q4 x( @ - .word _sbss //bss的起始地址% j! N6 N' J8 r) b D# g6 @' v$ r
- /* end address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */1 e/ y, D3 K5 S" l/ x
- .word _ebss //bss的结束地址: T2 s& _# D. Y6 H8 n$ P
- /* stack used for SystemInit_ExtMemCtl; always internal RAM used */
* U' G0 m1 e4 L) q+ N4 P' C H: Y - + c( c- h2 T9 n& K8 z
- /**
& D2 W9 d1 Y4 Q# }( W - * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor first0 G+ q/ a0 A7 c' e5 i) J. l
- * starts execution following a reset event. Only the absolutely
7 c' _* o G$ A0 X8 H3 c - * necessary set is performed, after which the application
: _( o. S( }/ ^2 N0 [ - * supplied main() routine is called.
3 h! j/ ~* h2 }" y - * @param None4 k' F- R' e7 X$ W$ ?6 G+ E4 p: [
- * @retval : None
' A- F3 B8 N/ ^4 U. A+ k - */) M* E% w5 I& r. g r" O$ g$ q1 J
- 5 c$ `3 C6 Z- o' z, S. s9 w
- .section .text.Reset_Handler //设置新的代码段/ I0 f+ Y" Q6 @3 G% S8 E
- .weak Reset_Handler //.weak 声明其他的同名标号优先于该标号被引用。
5 h+ a C( l3 f6 o# M - .type Reset_Handler, %function //.type将Reset_Handler 指定为函数
* P: S# H% M. p' Q - Reset_Handler:
6 x' x7 A% }! j( n - * U' E' \( h' B% r( Z* n
- /* Copy the data segment initializers from flash to SRAM */ # D, L5 T% ]$ L1 H: d! Z
- movs r1, #0 //将立即数0存放到r1
& A/ j3 T/ N# W - b LoopCopyDataInit //跳转到LoopCopyDataInit 执行& G( E. T8 f6 |, m, B; F. r1 }& S
- //下面是将初始化的data数据拷贝到sram中去5 h- w0 G& s. K4 b8 `2 Y
- CopyDataInit:
* F8 i0 t# U1 @4 k' E" H( i - ldr r3, =_sidata //r3 = _sidata (flash中存放data的地址)+ R0 p; @5 n# O$ M
- ldr r3, [r3, r1] //r3 = *(r3+r1) 取出该位置的数据
- t- a( o) {/ k9 F - str r3, [r0, r1] //*(r0 + r1) = r3 将数据写入sram中r0 + r1的地方9 H* h9 E* x; W, C- F/ K# c7 G9 Z' D
- adds r1, r1, #4 //r1 += 4. Z& m" _* s' \3 e' q
- ) z5 b9 \ F6 U" v
- LoopCopyDataInit:7 i9 b0 F4 o# M9 c3 W$ t- h) L
- ldr r0, =_sdata //r0 = _sdata ld文件中定义% A B) ^- m' ]4 f5 Z6 c
- ldr r3, =_edata //r3 = _edata ld文件中定义 H0 X9 J% f6 k; ^# Q/ E; O' c
- adds r2, r0, r1 //r2 = r0+r1% D; _7 t: P9 `; `1 J/ I: T
- cmp r2, r3 //比较r2和r3更新标志位
; b1 d# Q ?& i" t- m - bcc CopyDataInit //C is clear 就跳转(无符号数小r2 < r3)因为汇编是顺序执行,所以这里会被循环执行,直到r2 == r3
, z+ u# H* x7 C1 V8 A8 B$ J% Z9 B - ldr r2, =_sbss //r2 = _sbss ld文件中定义$ w1 \" k' y" g8 p. l
- b LoopFillZerobss
6 f- l. j$ \! G W8 f; u( z; j3 e - /* Zero fill the bss segment. */ $ ?/ Z) Z- y0 g/ z
- FillZerobss:
$ Y* ~( ^' \3 F& ]/ x+ M5 I1 b - movs r3, #0 //r3 = 09 W% P2 b2 o$ {* l* i j. }& L) ?
- str r3, [r2], #4 //*r2 = 0; r2 += 4;
! v4 ^% t6 A" E -
2 a* h! u8 b# y - LoopFillZerobss: //将bss数据初始化为0% G9 o1 I) X7 \$ E$ \
- ldr r3, = _ebss //r3 = _ebss ld文件中定义3 S: u( Y2 X9 ^3 ~$ V/ {
- cmp r2, r3 //比较r2 r3; c. w f2 l( s% I+ Q6 H1 W$ {
- bcc FillZerobss //r2 < r3跳转
- l, {6 T" [/ D9 T7 ] - 0 c. N/ M+ N, O0 {; C
- /* Call the clock system intitialization function.*/
. |: T5 \* w! t" P - bl SystemInit //跳转到SystemInit* _3 {% y( b9 S+ Y# B, @
- /* Call static constructors */
: T$ t ~: `. f$ m. c, } - //__libc_init_array 这个函数中执行的关键过程如下:" }: R: {3 R& \& i- g
- //调用 .preinit_array 段中的预初始化函数
+ B; Q9 I# T7 e* r D& M - //调用 .init 段中的 _init 函数1 B2 a0 a) }' P
- //调用 .init_array 中的所有函数
' P3 j9 H7 C. p; q# [1 ` - bl __libc_init_array
1 g% C) e: P2 z9 {& C) q3 |, P - /* Call the application's entry point.*/
( U/ @* @' N6 r/ B: h7 K$ O! D: d - bl main1 d C" P z: Y
- bx lr
' L1 g# Y% b" L - // .size name,expression:将符号name所占空间设为expression(就是Reset_Handler函数大小)
/ `3 B0 c) h" `3 m1 {- p i1 ^ - .size Reset_Handler, .-Reset_Handler; s& |! A; g, F
% B' w: r' Q! N4 J- /**
/ L/ ~- T1 B3 w( f' A/ d9 C* L* r2 @ - * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor receives an + Q, Z5 i6 b0 H
- * unexpected interrupt. This simply enters an infinite loop, preserving$ x# y9 G0 [. ?$ `. V# v
- * the system state for examination by a debugger.
7 U2 { j8 x+ Q }- d - * @param None 1 D1 H0 C- W: p* r+ ]$ r
- * @retval None 0 U9 u( O- v0 \8 p3 W
- */7 _7 Z$ S. Q9 @0 K# F" U
- //Default_Handler是个死循环
; E: @/ c. n5 [0 o: \% j1 ?5 J& j - .section .text.Default_Handler,"ax",%progbits: |/ l$ g. B+ a! q. L) W/ _
- Default_Handler:
/ p8 ?: I# D% k* W$ V' b% f - Infinite_Loop:: F6 F! r+ i* {# o2 x4 H8 z
- b Infinite_Loop
4 ~5 U1 V( ?, U+ A4 l1 i+ Z: _ - .size Default_Handler, .-Default_Handler
0 Y0 t8 Y3 @, l5 x( h7 O - /******************************************************************************4 `8 {# W8 V! e( K3 E
- *
/ B1 Y7 Z ~' U; | - * The minimal vector table for a Cortex M3. Note that the proper constructs
. o3 g- N+ I) A2 T1 @- F - * must be placed on this to ensure that it ends up at physical address
' S. y6 Z$ F6 x# `5 w" o6 f- f! | - * 0x0000.0000.' }# h. t" I7 h/ k3 l
- *
% }6 Z8 \5 E" y% L0 o - *******************************************************************************/
% ]3 @+ H8 L8 m, y - .section .isr_vector,"a",%progbits% T. B6 k) h- L$ S" h# \ ~
- .type g_pfnVectors, %object3 z5 C- h- C7 H5 Y, U) R8 M
- .size g_pfnVectors, .-g_pfnVectors
/ e5 G' }7 s4 ? O& I -
6 B& Y' Q' F( T9 k1 g+ [ - // _estack是栈顶的值,这个值保存在flash的0地址处,flash的地址为0x08000000,
3 _9 _- |3 ?- W$ K- k* `, S) j; W8 F - // 所以0x08000000保存_estack的值
6 v) B f5 L% `! G - g_pfnVectors:8 _ O4 l0 {6 h4 W. T. X) _
- .word _estack
' R/ H. s3 G' S0 E+ ^2 g - .word Reset_Handler
, \- Z( R$ d3 y* e8 F. s5 M - .word NMI_Handler
$ e: |( h. p) g - .word HardFault_Handler
, e2 o9 R% d6 t: u - .word MemManage_Handler
7 L0 E! q0 K( e, Y* a - .word BusFault_Handler/ o" A' \, B6 @( E- Y4 ]- Y
- .word UsageFault_Handler
' I4 J; r4 Y% Q& n0 V0 r8 e - .word 0
& Z$ b+ ]4 l9 ]# d - .word 09 x. e. q& I5 B; Z1 M2 [; \
- .word 0
, V7 G$ q2 B! M& s0 t i \8 Z - .word 0
/ r. w& P& U( w/ V% L2 c - .word SVC_Handler) N" R2 V7 L; n% {) {6 o
- .word DebugMon_Handler* J4 R$ s4 H5 p5 O. X9 ?
- .word 0
* ?* |# n9 p9 u, ?' w# a G' l) ` - .word PendSV_Handler& o9 d2 L0 W( {
- .word SysTick_Handler' g" r7 i A0 ^
- 8 l5 j. I8 e) y5 X p% T! J0 f1 Z
- /* External Interrupts */
$ s4 w$ g% B( u" s! w& S - .word WWDG_IRQHandler /* Window WatchDog */ ! A- [" ~) n! F0 R
- .word PVD_IRQHandler /* PVD through EXTI Line detection */
5 m0 z/ A( @: ~4 K8 k" a - .word TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler /* Tamper and TimeStamps through the EXTI line */ $ m y# l% p) s: ^% ?2 L
- .word RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler /* RTC Wakeup through the EXTI line */
; t0 a, b5 K$ U J - .word FLASH_IRQHandler /* FLASH */
: q c/ e: J; I& d' C. o - .word RCC_IRQHandler /* RCC */
/ } J1 h# a" [; z2 p' [. W2 ] - .word EXTI0_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line0 */ - ?$ n- r" o3 p/ Y; G
- .word EXTI1_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line1 */
/ Z2 }1 N7 R g: ~8 l: Q3 \' A0 y- T3 i - .word EXTI2_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line2 */
4 V4 I8 q0 P1 Q8 {6 {* S - .word EXTI3_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line3 */ : [; _/ ?/ c$ N. c8 |2 r* z" F
- .word EXTI4_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line4 */ , ]: {5 l2 K- [" ^8 h- o% R& h' P
- //略...
9 V& U" Y" ~! z. _( e/ {3 t$ D -
" m0 {( e0 [7 v$ k: d - /*******************************************************************************
( C( p! C- X( J1 V' e6 L& H7 ] - *
, w2 ]# Y! \8 ]% s. h2 | - * Provide weak aliases for each Exception handler to the Default_Handler. % V0 R# ?9 G3 K% k0 j; d
- * As they are weak aliases, any function with the same name will override / A! j K" q0 d9 [3 z' d
- * this definition.# s! ~( S5 ]8 ^6 t9 |$ ~# Y3 [
- *
$ V) A. f4 O& I( A8 \: Q) c - *******************************************************************************/9 E$ d& A1 M* O+ E4 A, _' T
- .weak NMI_Handler5 J0 z( O/ S4 p. ?
- .thumb_set NMI_Handler,Default_Handler
5 ~7 D: K+ c+ L; [6 Z( u# h - # y% o$ D& E- X3 J6 [0 J7 p% C
- .weak HardFault_Handler
# a9 \( z7 a; n3 ` - .thumb_set HardFault_Handler,Default_Handler, _) @' `! Q. G8 E# s7 C0 m
-
F4 ^2 ~* V0 K# Z% R7 S - .weak MemManage_Handler
, O f7 m. N6 b" ~7 E4 Y1 x9 D - .thumb_set MemManage_Handler,Default_Handler& r' T% l/ \) c( n
- % q6 M- \ \. e, K) B6 T X @ z% U
- .weak BusFault_Handler, w$ v0 B: T8 T
- .thumb_set BusFault_Handler,Default_Handler
2 H, y) c2 P: e, G/ v& R - 2 ?# `0 V' h8 G( {; _
- .weak UsageFault_Handler+ m4 `- b/ |, A
- .thumb_set UsageFault_Handler,Default_Handler
: S2 O$ N/ G1 P" R8 ] - 6 X: V0 C ? x( V: _8 K: ^, j
- .weak SVC_Handler
# n( ^3 I# X- @7 v - .thumb_set SVC_Handler,Default_Handler9 d z" I. h( t! N
! Z# s' J2 I1 j$ `7 p: i; L, h1 _- .weak DebugMon_Handler
/ P* b0 ]/ ^9 h5 c# t x X - .thumb_set DebugMon_Handler,Default_Handler# d$ M- _! L% A
- ( y. s, u" f$ n4 O2 J y
- .weak PendSV_Handler
9 p7 N& r+ k$ |) i8 L# O- d - .thumb_set PendSV_Handler,Default_Handler
$ ~. v$ ?# v* {0 u' c/ S. A" Z8 p
0 w1 O6 b& c' D- .weak SysTick_Handler
4 [6 J/ |& a" d - .thumb_set SysTick_Handler,Default_Handler
7 Y' ~4 h/ P1 _8 T' Y8 p& r -
( e' M8 R% X; l# n8 q- p1 g" n - .weak WWDG_IRQHandler
1 z6 f" |/ J& ?; w5 q8 Y - .thumb_set WWDG_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
$ p: l1 @) g0 U+ m -
7 F: X9 b6 T. k. H5 Q; Z) W# z - .weak PVD_IRQHandler
- Z) R! N/ H2 m7 x) [ - .thumb_set PVD_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
/ {1 e8 M, L$ Q6 W6 ]% ?$ I -
/ ]0 h2 Y2 y) N* Z( W - .weak TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler
1 R) a5 A! v; {, b0 X8 O* h' N9 t' X - .thumb_set TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
7 d$ p. m' n, Z1 i -
0 A: R- Z C9 d5 B2 V5 S4 N - //略...
}; N6 A- h0 H6 P- B3 h -
* B5 x; d7 B8 d7 K7 N7 u" G% V - /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
( ~* Z/ D) j; M5 r0 [( g8 J, \
$ Z3 y! _7 w9 ?; M; n4 ]% T
复制代码 3 K& h( h3 I' {: _1 |
总结:stm32链接文件链接后布局如下,可以看到跟链接文件的配置是一致的,Flash的起始地址放的是.isr_vector,isr_vector的第一个地址放的是_estack,也就是msp(栈顶指针的值). S7 G, \" g. s
9 [; j* d9 F& Z. K5 B
- tony@DESKTOP-VP4O54O:~/workdir/tony_linux_stm32_cmake/build$ readelf -S USER.elf * `. R' a$ p2 v4 i
- There are 23 section headers, starting at offset 0x95690:
P) Z F9 R6 L& Z4 S - * f# P/ H. c1 W$ l4 v# d1 n5 \% U
- Section Headers:) }3 r; m8 K. g! W8 C
- [Nr] Name Type Addr Off Size ES Flg Lk Inf Al
$ {# Y, ~7 z) L9 c6 x - [ 0] NULL 00000000 000000 000000 00 0 0 0" b8 n1 Z- W* R' Y, \8 u/ X8 S" D
- [ 1] .isr_vector PROGBITS 08000000 010000 000194 00 A 0 0 1) g* m+ B' ?; l. F' R8 U0 K
- [ 2] .text PROGBITS 08000194 010194 000afc 00 AX 0 0 46 n& G/ M2 I. o8 I% h2 H# p
- [ 3] .rodata PROGBITS 08000c90 020010 000000 00 WA 0 0 1
, u4 x2 P# w) ^2 x' S - [ 4] .init_array INIT_ARRAY 08000c90 010c90 000004 04 WA 0 0 4
4 Q( l: E d/ @2 N# O+ a% a! q' s. I - [ 5] .fini_array FINI_ARRAY 08000c94 010c94 000004 04 WA 0 0 4! t3 @) u1 ]. J$ ?, g
- [ 6] .data PROGBITS 20000000 020000 000010 00 WA 0 0 4
7 @0 E% i0 B: D7 r/ r0 U, i* A9 s - [ 7] .bss NOBITS 20000010 020010 0000e8 00 WA 0 0 42 P* S0 U4 H9 ]+ u- e
- [ 8] ._user_heap_stack NOBITS 200000f8 0200f8 000600 00 WA 0 0 1/ ]; W4 Y$ t* O) ~* T3 z
- [ 9] .ARM.attributes ARM_ATTRIBUTES 00000000 020010 000030 00 0 0 1
: q- Y& r, o: L/ h5 V2 T - [10] .debug_line PROGBITS 00000000 020040 003936 00 0 0 1
6 C- U! i0 C# @% u Y+ E6 B0 g - [11] .debug_info PROGBITS 00000000 023976 003df2 00 0 0 1
3 s V' f, d9 Z! j" C - [12] .debug_abbrev PROGBITS 00000000 027768 000ace 00 0 0 11 ]+ _; C6 I# t7 K; ?
- [13] .debug_aranges PROGBITS 00000000 028238 000470 00 0 0 81 r c: _/ }+ E4 i( G. X
- [14] .debug_str PROGBITS 00000000 0286a8 064708 01 MS 0 0 1
z4 t( o9 C. e* A! y7 S - [15] .debug_ranges PROGBITS 00000000 08cdb0 0003f8 00 0 0 8
( A0 G! E; e: X q9 n - [16] .debug_loc PROGBITS 00000000 08d1a8 0027c4 00 0 0 18 K( d( b- s; P. y( c
- [17] .debug_macro PROGBITS 00000000 08f96c 00345e 00 0 0 1 S1 v) {/ ?# {6 \* q: R1 w
- [18] .comment PROGBITS 00000000 092dca 000049 01 MS 0 0 1' {! r6 Y2 K! m/ k o6 d
- [19] .debug_frame PROGBITS 00000000 092e14 00121c 00 0 0 4
" ]! S9 \# j( A L- [ - [20] .symtab SYMTAB 00000000 094030 000d00 10 21 105 4+ W ^# I6 D. S) Y3 |2 T4 M
- [21] .strtab STRTAB 00000000 094d30 000869 00 0 0 13 c* z9 t1 w& T) P) D
- [22] .shstrtab STRTAB 00000000 095599 0000f6 00 0 0 1
8 I/ }- }! r- p* K4 I% w& V) M - Key to Flags:0 {# s& e) @1 W
- W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),. K& }- k; a+ w! S3 J
- L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),7 M# U+ y, |! v$ t. G
- C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),9 a6 u% e; j$ [' @
- y (purecode), p (processor specific)* ~8 P- x0 ?; w: H h+ ~2 r% V) c
复制代码
0 L5 a9 B8 b" @ i所以上电后会从08000000 执行,对应的异常处理函数是Reset_Handler,Reset_Handler函数做的工作首先将flash中存放的初始化的data数据拷贝到sram中(0x20000000),然后将Bss段中的数据全部初始化为0,调用SystemInit 函数初始化时钟,最后跳转到Main函数执行。" w6 j# W3 ]& @3 m/ Q
startup.s中开头注释也有总结:9 n& \3 @0 r( c) o& \) q+ C2 E
- Set the initial SP
) ?6 h; u3 E3 G! [1 r7 Q- Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,; F% ^. u8 u6 b% t) ?
- Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address
+ J, f" Z I- h- \* |- Configure the clock system
* G+ N: t2 h; n- d5 f" k- Branches to main in the C library (which eventually calls main()).+ m! W- Z. H7 k+ U; A. p8 o
1.初始化堆栈寄存器,这里msp寄存器时机器上电后就由硬件将flash 08000000 中存的栈顶的值load到msp) s! k5 k' n1 L# C2 }
寄存器中。
' H2 S0 ]( u: e; K" x% w2.调用08000004 Reset_Handler异常处理函数# T h7 ^+ Q+ U
3.设置异常向量表
. V; V( Y; M& Z2 \, B4.配置系统时钟,SystemInit
. y6 y5 Q1 r2 }9 j0 a: X4 @- G- P, T5.调用Main
) a& {2 s& g- `, ?+ B2 l9 x0 g: f————————————————, z- l, ^& T% F. b0 C2 D! d
版权声明:tony++. X% R q2 o( s! E0 Z/ b! g% o
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