STM32链接文件和启动文件分析
% E1 k3 J. y. B) PSOC: STM32F401CCU6 256K flash 64k ram6 A- [3 l# @; l: J! u: r
Mem map:
' h* M5 u2 z/ R0 o* k; `) \: u+ B3 u, U0 w8 |
8 a$ E) R: A6 i2 \9 B! b+ Y
1 A n. o6 s/ o1 q- M7 W, C链接文件部分:
9 t% c6 }" e& A, `; j8 q1 h. = ALIGN(4);是指4字节对齐: g8 A( d1 e# @8 ]8 N$ Z2 F
.,小数点表示当前的地址位置,例如__MALLOC_SYMBOLS = .;的意思是`__MALLOC_SYMBOLS 的地址就是.malloc段的地址
' o; B4 E \% z W+ |6 h一般的程序中包含常见的几个段:
( N" ]" I4 _+ r- M" ]$ A7 mtext(存放程序)) _: y& I5 S- {; ~7 A
rodata(存放被初始化的数据)
: p) e% E( }4 c4 w& odata(表示初始化不为0的变量)1 x3 Z4 |6 }6 @! i. c7 k$ s
bss(表示初始化值为默认的全局变量)
# V! ^3 [; ^5 J5 gtext,rodata放在flash中,而data中的初始化值作为rodata放在flash中,变量在ram中占有空间,bss占ram空间
: G% k# o, y7 j2 ]如果没有AT> FLASH,那么编译bin文件时地址是连续的4 Z8 z+ z. f5 `) J g d
- /*
! l; `: D; ~3 U8 ^% G( \ - *****************************************************************************7 ~" ~8 }' ]: U/ z( n0 ^
- **( [( U v. q& B
- ) e: g6 H- z1 q+ A# X) U3 E# Y
- ** File : stm32_flash.ld
9 B7 L. ?" x; ?2 i: ^+ Z - **
. L5 Z- @* C/ V) y - ** Abstract : Linker script for STM32F401VC Device with
9 t6 Q. k( ]# t- d: X9 C9 R) s - ** 256KByte FLASH, 64KByte RAM# \ x* D6 u. [% R7 B" Y" d b! L
- **
0 D# p1 p3 r% q6 y, j& } - ** Set heap size, stack size and stack location according& E: x9 v/ H/ K2 k8 p8 D
- ** to application requirements.
" q+ M, ]- J3 @% h6 }- p - **( w' A1 T+ u. g4 D/ w( V& J
- ** Set memory bank area and size if external memory is used.& \: g! y7 A% }, g
- **
- x' X. {9 W) U: e. d - ** Target : STMicroelectronics STM32
* A) ?6 N; `+ g8 `, i, N1 s) V. T - **8 O, w9 V( G1 |& c8 Q# _$ [! d- @
- ** Environment : Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R)
9 F1 ~! d& Y0 s9 P$ [) p - **
8 [. D( I2 L2 d6 i0 s. ^ - ** Distribution: The file is distributed as is, without any warranty9 b9 Q. F& r% D7 ], @. _0 `5 Y
- ** of any kind.) t# Z h" h. c
- **
( J7 J; B3 y% H5 V - ** (c)Copyright Atollic AB.7 V, l8 Z1 d/ p0 X' X* V
- ** You may use this file as-is or modify it according to the needs of your1 W0 ~3 f0 F3 r) ~. `3 O) n
- ** project. This file may only be built (assembled or compiled and linked)
' Y8 H8 d" \0 O3 D5 L9 [0 ] - ** using the Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) product. The use of this file together& @4 s7 h9 m: y
- ** with other tools than Atollic TrueSTUDIO(R) is not permitted.
/ X/ w) o2 y/ @ - **
- N. J! y# K3 E9 W - *****************************************************************************
7 G' b* ]4 H# {8 ~. a3 G - */& z- K5 H/ U: q& K/ R; t
- /* Entry Point */$ y6 N& q X- d3 o( U( b0 ~
- //指定入口地址为Reset_Handler& B6 F+ K# k; }- e; s6 }
- //ENTRY(SYMBOL) :将符号SYMBOL的值设置成入口地址。
3 ~3 L5 f2 G) R! w2 F - //入口地址(entry point)是指进程执行的第一条用户空间的指令在进程地址空间的地址
3 v9 t9 o$ w6 M/ [3 N* d - //ld有多种方法设置进程入口地址, 按一下顺序: (编号越前, 优先级越高)5 N6 R* U f K
- //1, ld命令行的-e选项9 H( f8 Z$ T4 ?" r
- //2, 连接脚本的ENTRY(SYMBOL)命令, V/ V9 _7 y/ g& c( n
- //3, 如果定义了start符号, 使用start符号值/ p2 T' W$ }( H1 h9 Y: C1 w+ k+ a
- //4, 如果存在.text section, 使用.text section的第一字节的位置值
3 k% S( N5 S7 z5 k - //5, 使用值03 k/ n' D* `/ ]7 {: Q% T# f
- ENTRY(Reset_Handler)3 r6 ]2 ^; Y( N- u
- 0 G1 E3 x5 T+ z5 a6 r) t
- /* Highest address of the user mode stack */: |! P) P- t0 q0 Y* I8 ^+ n2 T8 N
- //ram的结束地址 e! `0 L! T; Q0 D
- _estack = 0x20010000; /* end of RAM */+ P0 j6 J; _: ]4 P7 |# b! S
- /* Generate a link error if heap and stack don't fit into RAM */2 s! h/ W* s/ v2 E8 e; X: ?
- //指定的最小的堆栈大小
; _# r* U6 w5 y: H - _Min_Heap_Size = 0x200; /* required amount of heap */
3 p: |6 c" q/ B - _Min_Stack_Size = 0x400; /* required amount of stack */
0 @. H& v% `3 V( u3 t$ z - 4 B& {* W2 S" y8 }
- /* Specify the memory areas */4 Z# I1 K% O' g4 e2 ]7 Q
- //指定flash和sram大小+ D; V1 ~/ \ A R+ n
- MEMORY* g' \& t& f4 Z1 {
- {
; Q4 a( Q% W7 I2 l6 V7 n Z" ` ` - FLASH (rx) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 256K3 D' p7 d2 m+ q, e+ Z4 ?/ S
- RAM (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 64K" I8 v* j5 l$ P4 o
- }: I B4 @! F0 J" W9 W% d) x* n3 r
- $ f$ ?. m, r8 R, w
- /* Define output sections */" t$ j1 W( L# e7 Q8 m1 J, h
- // 输出文件组合布局, M: R5 G6 q0 R K
- SECTIONS: p* q) D8 Z7 W: O c& v
- {4 w U1 D- m L2 t4 @6 a
- /* The startup code goes first into FLASH */
( E6 M8 p3 e1 v, {& h. N - //将向量表放在最前面,上电即可执行4 O9 ~" }! X% {( L" z7 i
- .isr_vector :' z: h; H2 o7 B6 Q, R
- {
! F7 M! X* U0 L2 B% q! G `9 m; ] - . = ALIGN(4);
' I+ e: J/ Z4 [8 ]( ^4 j - KEEP(*(.isr_vector)) /* Startup code */2 h( D6 ?4 b' |+ Y$ U: V
- . = ALIGN(4);9 G) a; v, H, Y: d H
- } >FLASH
2 r% s- l0 k$ Q& G9 ?! U6 U - 0 T" N! V( I' O3 E
- /* The program code and other data goes into FLASH */
+ z F" t5 P6 p1 o1 e - //指定text段,主要存放代码( S: f1 }8 s. g0 Y- B! V8 M
- .text :
8 c r: h/ t( f9 E% e/ Q/ @: r - {7 c f: W4 _6 N& n$ ?" ]
- . = ALIGN(4); C1 H& E; e6 \" ?% i& K. E7 e
- *(.text) /* .text sections (code) */5 P& t2 _+ Y! I$ _4 e' K9 ^
- *(.text*) /* .text* sections (code) */
" b A$ I' ~9 @- L. ]: K/ T P - *(.glue_7) /* glue arm to thumb code */
) I+ f, E$ u" v8 @$ o - *(.glue_7t) /* glue thumb to arm code */. s3 S3 ?9 _! E, k" N8 `0 b
- *(.eh_frame)
" `: M( p- x% H
( ^- P2 ]2 ? w0 u1 l) K- KEEP (*(.init))
4 k k w; M* |6 y - KEEP (*(.fini))" o' q: n) }( k8 h F
- / A" d8 I6 L$ i5 A- {8 p
- . = ALIGN(4);
3 i5 b% @: C5 E7 a - _etext = .; /* define a global symbols at end of code */& C# ^( n0 J( \9 q' w5 K
- } >FLASH, }7 r( y/ A. [+ c
- 9 o& z9 D/ M; y( e3 y
- /* Constant data goes into FLASH */
* r' G6 ~! D7 A5 d - //指定只读段
! j' s3 W, C G" |6 Y( C7 }6 w - .rodata :0 D( n* W" A( ]2 ]) T
- {
. o) A+ b) }: Z* n - . = ALIGN(4);# e4 W) H$ A0 v
- *(.rodata) /* .rodata sections (constants, strings, etc.) */
0 n3 ]' U' c1 g: e/ } - *(.rodata*) /* .rodata* sections (constants, strings, etc.) */( W% ]1 L8 C# t! f A; B
- . = ALIGN(4);6 T$ a" E/ E/ k; R% g: D
- } >FLASH6 }3 j; u/ [0 O2 F8 P
- 9 o% h: ~- E' f% q6 ]7 V5 \+ _+ G
- .ARM.extab : { *(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*) } >FLASH
2 `/ t% w# [! E) D8 r - .ARM : {0 N* N6 c8 s" r
- __exidx_start = .;6 A0 w: N! f0 {- ~2 b o$ j4 r m' ?
- *(.ARM.exidx*)
. p" ]% [1 u7 g5 [# t3 X - __exidx_end = .;' Z# W w! O# H; E3 K; _7 j
- } >FLASH; g3 |) J, c' [8 {
- . ~. o; B' _, y8 I* A
- .preinit_array :$ @( m h: b8 d# i/ V$ e6 g2 n* w8 E
- {
5 [7 k. u# ^2 o; J/ L - PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_start = .);( s* M6 h, q7 q# X( E" ~
- KEEP (*(.preinit_array*)). t- A s5 z A) v% }
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__preinit_array_end = .);* H- B% i( i' Z1 G+ {2 ?
- } >FLASH
* R. m: G) Y8 e8 k. {$ a - .init_array :
* W( `# M( R! s! t% u' J - {7 n8 D; F9 ]: Z4 Y$ k0 K
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_start = .);# M# Q; r: u& h! o1 w/ N2 h% @: `" c0 L
- KEEP (*(SORT(.init_array.*)))
+ `& d+ _% p! H, p9 b' y$ b! G+ G - KEEP (*(.init_array*))
# X5 q& ~8 S% O' [4 U6 o8 P) O - PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__init_array_end = .);$ E% m3 W/ e6 a' }! l- q- v+ |
- } >FLASH0 Q& j0 X0 S+ W. G( u
- .fini_array :! X! M4 {/ f( B, D$ C: K# o
- {
! ?4 W- N x( u7 U* a - PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_start = .);
7 M! ]8 n4 E$ p9 }7 l/ U - KEEP (*(SORT(.fini_array.*)))
" [) x( N3 e3 C% ]& u9 b' j - KEEP (*(.fini_array*))( c% x% B4 u$ |" c
- PROVIDE_HIDDEN (__fini_array_end = .);7 L4 p1 n9 V- ^$ _' K
- } >FLASH
! Y# y: |8 G9 S) j% R+ i - ! g6 e4 I- D/ Q, r, V8 Z0 \9 e
- /* used by the startup to initialize data */: E' W b+ H" I+ z5 g0 w
- //_sidata 保存.data的地址相当于_sidata = & .data. M' s' n6 X# P- B! o
- _sidata = LOADADDR(.data);5 [' B D% A. m7 A" Z+ V
- * H! J0 U4 q( L, f. D: R x
- /* Initialized data sections goes into RAM, load LMA copy after code */
, q! ~2 ^0 R$ b$ ?$ s - //指定数据段在ram中,但是数据保存在flash中,在启动的时候需要将数据拷贝到ram中去。
& \6 ?- X' N+ e% a6 y% _ - .data : : n, ~+ R! }- i Y2 w+ ?
- {
$ T3 {6 W: X: \- w2 X) | - . = ALIGN(4);
" _8 Z1 @ ~" {+ m7 V3 N; N - _sdata = .; /* create a global symbol at data start */" `* n5 I+ R4 y
- *(.data) /* .data sections */
$ _7 U& `! B' I K1 z& G% D - *(.data*) /* .data* sections */ k4 m3 z) R/ P s* h. d3 [
- ' m2 c* x; b' N& v3 v1 E
- . = ALIGN(4);
+ ~3 y# v& ]: i! v( U - _edata = .; /* define a global symbol at data end */0 p, h- t) e# B% q5 d
- } >RAM AT> FLASH3 j) I0 s0 M$ u) J' j
" k [3 J" P. V% b6 w- q8 j3 H" S6 x-
n; D% \ G2 L - /* Uninitialized data section */" _7 o; N5 E; z4 b% F' \1 l) o1 v
- //指定bss段
5 n% `, O1 T' c# D: h% W% s7 z - . = ALIGN(4);1 O5 C3 U! `3 _) m3 q" a( R$ S
- .bss :- h# f& r2 Q, u+ O: H6 X
- {0 \1 k: e3 ~0 ]; n
- /* This is used by the startup in order to initialize the .bss secion */
( p* c% @8 ^4 A - _sbss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss start */5 q4 b7 m8 Q! u8 Z9 w9 M' M
- __bss_start__ = _sbss;4 s8 o3 U- s# f( \ R# P) H# v
- *(.bss)' {2 U1 x3 [% w: B; y% V4 o
- *(.bss*)
1 _& S) s$ [9 S" u( o( T" A1 x! h - *(COMMON)2 ^1 g% X+ h" H# Y
/ m* f4 C2 z R* K! Q- . = ALIGN(4);
+ @! `% h# A4 e' j0 c: R/ p& H - _ebss = .; /* define a global symbol at bss end */
0 y9 E' }1 T5 X5 a- z% h' z - __bss_end__ = _ebss;7 h8 E" O/ O6 i' h
- } >RAM3 E; M' x( S4 q Y+ i/ ?* |
4 V# J) I8 H6 \7 }% i- }1 L" ?- /* User_heap_stack section, used to check that there is enough RAM left *// u0 A7 [7 b$ s! W
- //指定堆栈段/ w5 l5 E. H' b( q: E
- ._user_heap_stack :. N) S, v4 C: I0 G
- {8 g6 W' [" s% }" [& f' j
- . = ALIGN(4);
2 Z8 w# B* o6 Y: A8 v7 X - PROVIDE ( end = . );& H6 f! |. d0 z, K" J! O" f
- PROVIDE ( _end = . );3 x/ B3 s+ D8 h+ G
- . = . + _Min_Heap_Size;
?& j% g y! N8 a8 P - . = . + _Min_Stack_Size;
" ^$ X% C% ~; Q% A, Y - . = ALIGN(4);
% [' ]1 ?6 l3 O6 l4 I; F2 J - } >RAM8 b4 r7 L. l! {% Z' M. \
- ( T( D$ U6 B. v5 \1 u: @$ ^
- /* Remove information from the standard libraries */- [* [; A6 i9 @: ]4 i8 f3 O) v" B: Q
- /DISCARD/ :1 n. h3 `2 \& Z( V" c) s
- {9 B. K) B' f6 b/ _3 ^) o
- libc.a ( * )
0 `5 j, m. y! d# q$ V* @ - libm.a ( * )
& n! ~0 n3 C8 a - libgcc.a ( * )6 Q3 N- _; h% q9 A
- }
+ F7 C( Y4 \: q$ E - .ARM.attributes 0 : { *(.ARM.attributes) }
/ M2 \$ I1 R& N1 F9 [ - }
, S- A- s4 Q Z
复制代码
5 I, ~7 ~7 F$ V* C O启动文件
: B9 B/ I8 {6 p% e- /**: Q" S- O$ a4 K% V# c, a
- ******************************************************************************
# [" T6 u& w) Y+ R' T3 i - * @file startup_stm32f401xx.s
4 [2 H& @0 B% y' a6 y - * @author MCD Application Team
5 L& s( j! f: i. I - * @version V1.8.0
( r! `- s' N3 {8 L. U: C - * @date 09-November-2016' c& `. L& z3 D+ d' A
- * @brief STM32F401xx Devices vector table for Atollic TrueSTUDIO toolchain.
: D* Y, @% z, J. S7 m" a - * This module performs:
4 t( q4 V& D3 Q" v; d8 P - * - Set the initial SP
2 i% S( h( _" _ - * - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,# v8 j7 O$ e/ l# l( _6 X* ~
- * - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address
& z0 O3 i) s) k0 f: O% j# ]8 x5 ^ - * - Configure the clock system * J. _& ~# E! _, R# r
- * - Branches to main in the C library (which eventually% M( v& u% m3 l" M
- * calls main()).8 w- \' U4 A" i# B9 J' j- a0 a
- * After Reset the Cortex-M4 processor is in Thread mode,
7 _" Z0 i, A. k2 S% t2 j - * priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main.
2 J" J8 B; E% f% h& `: R' z - ******************************************************************************
- a7 p/ l% o' f* ?" s) h. W - * @attention
( o: ?+ D# ^& e" X d, r" h7 X8 { - *) h7 h! P6 _, x" y$ m
- * <h2><center>© COPYRIGHT 2016 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>3 j* _" Z/ A* o9 }: p
- *
& E& d& s* q3 X7 r - * Licensed under MCD-ST Liberty SW License Agreement V2, (the "License");# r l1 V2 J" f+ v9 d
- * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.: k9 G+ [+ I8 P; w- I- s
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
- y5 K% b+ H- {- T - *
( V- D0 y+ {9 z" M; A& [ - * http://www.st.com/software_license_agreement_liberty_v2
$ ]8 z$ V5 X) o/ k5 [& P - *
; R6 ^$ t# ]4 g# l" @ - * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 9 k$ D* Z3 m; z; B- }- |3 k
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
8 r' [+ D/ m' I2 v - * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.0 S/ R6 a' x/ d
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and) l: S" U8 I- ^6 G
- * limitations under the License.
U9 F0 o6 W% C8 ?( Y) t! ? - *
: J7 ] r- c: Z& M* i2 S7 Z$ r - ******************************************************************************
/ A( L" x: A* C" L0 m - */ I1 A- ?% j. }
- ) B$ m2 i& H4 T6 e" _" X
- .syntax unified //统一汇编语法-UAL# Z2 h) d/ N* n/ N! e
- .cpu cortex-m4 //CPU类型
: _5 }0 i- O y - .fpu softvfp //fpu 类型
$ i6 ~4 s/ o" g, |7 y - .thumb //thumb指令5 |5 G. v& v: h4 _: G# E/ C1 _0 w
' N: w" k& e' E5 @0 K1 u. A- .global g_pfnVectors //全局变量,外部可见* L! Q6 r; R6 \1 j8 U! b% @
- .global Default_Handler //全局变量
" [; z7 k4 c! f7 o5 e5 Y2 Z( u
/ S; z q1 T4 k9 C1 K1 x- /* start address for the initialization values of the .data section. ; q1 r/ p# ~+ ^5 r p; Z( Y
- defined in linker script */
( p6 x8 W! V, e4 {6 u6 F+ ? - .word _sidata //保存.data地址的变量
% w) |5 J1 X+ ^* @2 ^* m0 b9 R - /* start address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
/ M q7 s' e4 X6 u$ L - .word _sdata //data 段的起始地址,_sidata 4字节对齐后的地址,在链接脚本中定义. v$ O8 E: H2 W7 c+ ~* v: s
- /* end address for the .data section. defined in linker script */
& \" R9 z8 m$ L: ]0 l( _8 G - .word _edata //data段的结束地址2 E: k W! Q4 w: x6 z
- /* start address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
[5 s7 Z0 x* G) |( x - .word _sbss //bss的起始地址
5 [% \ [0 G0 w" u9 b& y5 g - /* end address for the .bss section. defined in linker script */
; ]! a B! [8 s8 t: ^' u3 [, G - .word _ebss //bss的结束地址/ x! w" k0 |3 f+ [8 ]. I; ^
- /* stack used for SystemInit_ExtMemCtl; always internal RAM used */
, C7 h' K" S# Q - 8 ^9 b1 `# f) o% a: @& r3 |& U
- /**
! K! ~3 ]0 ~6 \; i, c, ]- n# L - * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor first
; D2 a3 a# {" F/ W - * starts execution following a reset event. Only the absolutely* q6 g$ W" c; {7 b
- * necessary set is performed, after which the application6 b. Q! [+ @- K0 U3 ]% h" ^0 `
- * supplied main() routine is called.
# X: G+ [ t2 v9 a r w - * @param None
7 r! G i# T# ]( u' i" T, I - * @retval : None7 R; e1 y) B: B1 _6 o) r- i$ Z
- */
# q& c9 y3 _: w& j
6 l, f9 v/ y) q E8 _$ G6 O- .section .text.Reset_Handler //设置新的代码段0 O8 F6 g! [7 S% K6 b" t; Q
- .weak Reset_Handler //.weak 声明其他的同名标号优先于该标号被引用。
6 p8 Q1 h5 O& V( G0 j k - .type Reset_Handler, %function //.type将Reset_Handler 指定为函数
" ~" G. K# E: N* V7 C) A! v) l - Reset_Handler:
4 H2 L1 l4 d" m - # o. F* z4 ^+ F/ U
- /* Copy the data segment initializers from flash to SRAM */ N. R5 ?: Q, Z: E! l3 m( s6 f
- movs r1, #0 //将立即数0存放到r1( o* z$ ^) J I( I p
- b LoopCopyDataInit //跳转到LoopCopyDataInit 执行
4 j f3 t/ l8 a* V# U* b0 n- R+ T - //下面是将初始化的data数据拷贝到sram中去
# A& a& b& Y G0 \ - CopyDataInit:) `3 X- l9 R. R$ p9 [& t& J
- ldr r3, =_sidata //r3 = _sidata (flash中存放data的地址)0 Y0 A. \0 k( q- B: v) c* M, Y
- ldr r3, [r3, r1] //r3 = *(r3+r1) 取出该位置的数据
' O) A0 k8 _3 I* R- B - str r3, [r0, r1] //*(r0 + r1) = r3 将数据写入sram中r0 + r1的地方
6 G. B. @: Z- ]' K4 h - adds r1, r1, #4 //r1 += 4: I+ \& E& J- C4 L
- ' T6 k5 C8 G, x9 X
- LoopCopyDataInit:; U! K8 v! f7 W5 ?# v- L9 ~
- ldr r0, =_sdata //r0 = _sdata ld文件中定义; @- f* ]8 V; s: z+ p0 R6 B
- ldr r3, =_edata //r3 = _edata ld文件中定义( m j( e f1 X$ m8 k/ L
- adds r2, r0, r1 //r2 = r0+r1
/ e8 q6 t: K" g/ ]" n; I - cmp r2, r3 //比较r2和r3更新标志位
# z- I- j4 P, J$ l% a - bcc CopyDataInit //C is clear 就跳转(无符号数小r2 < r3)因为汇编是顺序执行,所以这里会被循环执行,直到r2 == r3
: u% u5 c% r, i0 |* { - ldr r2, =_sbss //r2 = _sbss ld文件中定义
' t7 T; b% ^* G: | - b LoopFillZerobss
3 m: V3 Q9 N% r9 O+ C1 U - /* Zero fill the bss segment. */
) g. L# g& f# y$ P2 I& Y - FillZerobss:
: H8 L1 z# B' d0 w1 b+ Q8 k4 e - movs r3, #0 //r3 = 0
6 A5 |: }) u' D& C1 W9 p/ h - str r3, [r2], #4 //*r2 = 0; r2 += 4;
! R# |' y" I: b9 F - : B/ J) K" X, D/ P" ^" P
- LoopFillZerobss: //将bss数据初始化为0. B( d8 C8 V2 {* y2 X, Y2 a
- ldr r3, = _ebss //r3 = _ebss ld文件中定义8 r' W6 r' p' u; p0 ~: d
- cmp r2, r3 //比较r2 r3
" B( k1 m, ^9 W( ^% g - bcc FillZerobss //r2 < r3跳转8 I% f- F0 i) m" v0 y5 b
0 j' e; R& Z% h4 D+ }- /* Call the clock system intitialization function.*/
* \; a& w( j' L* d: v - bl SystemInit //跳转到SystemInit
9 q, m" c1 s# r/ e* I7 k - /* Call static constructors */% {# I% p0 c& D2 |2 N1 T9 E" ?' M
- //__libc_init_array 这个函数中执行的关键过程如下:
: e. g! z: J3 |0 @3 L' ^, P - //调用 .preinit_array 段中的预初始化函数
# N) [- Y N0 w- i* r - //调用 .init 段中的 _init 函数* b' E- i) `2 c+ Q8 j
- //调用 .init_array 中的所有函数9 A8 x" z7 n3 R/ b, z
- bl __libc_init_array
/ b6 W. b U2 B7 E6 h - /* Call the application's entry point.*/# |/ g1 T" F: @' [% P4 m
- bl main
* x l; y2 j3 s1 K+ w - bx lr
b4 f' h3 o. j9 i6 c# R/ L - // .size name,expression:将符号name所占空间设为expression(就是Reset_Handler函数大小) 2 y/ Y1 c* {" J; \! D" w
- .size Reset_Handler, .-Reset_Handler
, ?/ h# \3 \, g9 t" F - 5 s. H! T" E( w1 O
- /**
: Q. c/ a4 B. B2 f& c8 d - * @brief This is the code that gets called when the processor receives an 8 x" q' _( ~/ N. A
- * unexpected interrupt. This simply enters an infinite loop, preserving
7 e( e4 ~& I1 v! F9 v9 k$ U4 p - * the system state for examination by a debugger.( J. T: e. t: J! @6 F6 o" @5 t
- * @param None - N1 f$ s6 y0 T4 b$ }
- * @retval None
! {# k4 y$ f/ _9 ~ - */% N' Y4 |" A+ n! M) V( \
- //Default_Handler是个死循环2 A1 h/ Z7 B) Y, L3 F6 w) [5 v
- .section .text.Default_Handler,"ax",%progbits
" @% _; @, H+ h- }4 ~. n - Default_Handler:
/ g; S9 y8 b. C W& ^, t" Z2 f$ u" B - Infinite_Loop:4 w( [5 G T+ y' [' C" q4 U
- b Infinite_Loop
+ R3 Y! R& s4 \# n/ o+ o1 x/ U - .size Default_Handler, .-Default_Handler B$ L4 `2 O* A ?0 R3 g7 _
- /******************************************************************************
! o2 l1 @" c) B, U1 g8 H7 C3 w - * B* t7 p& S4 E3 ^+ n2 C8 ?
- * The minimal vector table for a Cortex M3. Note that the proper constructs
: Z: w' x9 R& w5 h& M z - * must be placed on this to ensure that it ends up at physical address, V& q6 L5 T. E
- * 0x0000.0000.
3 a8 m' y! r! u2 P. J" ~6 T - *
* @1 ~% |7 \7 z8 c* s - *******************************************************************************/
) h3 v' v: A# b' _% U - .section .isr_vector,"a",%progbits
1 H' U' U) N: j- R. E. S! Q& y# l) i - .type g_pfnVectors, %object
+ \6 w) A, _. \" G- o9 k8 k4 p - .size g_pfnVectors, .-g_pfnVectors
+ o' L7 J9 x. z2 T) R -
8 ^) G7 g. N0 [8 x - // _estack是栈顶的值,这个值保存在flash的0地址处,flash的地址为0x08000000,9 J) ?' G7 c, r) M5 D
- // 所以0x08000000保存_estack的值
- ]( H( [7 I3 | - g_pfnVectors:
2 ]3 Q, {* p8 i0 F9 o - .word _estack
; V' x$ n$ Z3 m1 k/ d7 U - .word Reset_Handler
g8 r8 A2 m5 F7 M - .word NMI_Handler" I$ t* B, R8 y& {) c
- .word HardFault_Handler9 P# L+ V5 g5 S0 [
- .word MemManage_Handler
' \. c; D3 O' y a% |2 G - .word BusFault_Handler
3 g6 {5 v5 G( s1 t$ m8 `" {3 c - .word UsageFault_Handler7 C5 _* i j9 w* o# L
- .word 0
, a. d+ ^4 {. t& d& @ - .word 0+ D* K9 L! i5 L( |0 _
- .word 0
P! J0 p0 J* z! g. G$ o$ a: I - .word 0
" ^/ k+ `- E* F8 g8 b1 _% T8 t, l( S - .word SVC_Handler
' K: _/ k, n' A0 R7 A" I' p - .word DebugMon_Handler
+ j' x/ u9 w( w9 s3 d1 F6 z" A - .word 0
: O+ U U* C) J, j4 y - .word PendSV_Handler
& D! O9 M% D" }5 G8 h' }8 g - .word SysTick_Handler& C" O& y$ Q" {
- - f4 D& x1 o7 i* q
- /* External Interrupts */. s" O: c" t) J5 l: O8 k5 W$ d$ m' f
- .word WWDG_IRQHandler /* Window WatchDog */ & @: U6 W( Q; H3 c$ |
- .word PVD_IRQHandler /* PVD through EXTI Line detection */
9 `3 J7 \; W: M3 O, r/ T - .word TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler /* Tamper and TimeStamps through the EXTI line */ + h; Y3 u3 K/ }* R5 ]! I9 ^ G$ E
- .word RTC_WKUP_IRQHandler /* RTC Wakeup through the EXTI line */
& T9 d; S+ a5 b - .word FLASH_IRQHandler /* FLASH */ * U, w, U8 o, a3 }6 \$ F
- .word RCC_IRQHandler /* RCC */
: a4 H6 i3 v1 ?# a1 O- N4 L! n0 G - .word EXTI0_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line0 */
9 {8 B2 \- h% Q& \2 E - .word EXTI1_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line1 */
' ^7 I8 L7 [* X2 C( m - .word EXTI2_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line2 */ 1 a6 r( a6 Z/ W' q+ K/ b4 U% y
- .word EXTI3_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line3 */
# Z& p- p2 p G6 {# t - .word EXTI4_IRQHandler /* EXTI Line4 */
& Y5 y5 k; d3 O% s - //略...
$ z y" `: @0 i4 G( I% \+ l: `- g - , j/ k! U" M5 B8 E2 w
- /*******************************************************************************
* Y+ O( y; b7 t5 C; s - *4 D0 Z1 Q P+ X( E2 Y4 t+ N
- * Provide weak aliases for each Exception handler to the Default_Handler. 5 B. v. [9 B' M1 x7 ?+ Z. [4 M7 C/ s
- * As they are weak aliases, any function with the same name will override ( F K' N( q) i% {4 s3 Z
- * this definition.5 z0 P- V6 t/ J5 E9 V/ `7 I
- *
5 e; W/ I4 R9 I - *******************************************************************************/, h ~$ _( k4 ^) O1 k. T
- .weak NMI_Handler7 ]% t& U. I1 q W$ i/ B
- .thumb_set NMI_Handler,Default_Handler8 Y$ f1 }; G: Z
- ( |2 O Z$ [) U1 }) o4 q( k$ ]% A
- .weak HardFault_Handler! B: L. f0 b6 r7 p% a! s& D
- .thumb_set HardFault_Handler,Default_Handler
2 V3 {" }' a2 d' x, X } - ! K( o$ B; t2 E" Q' i! U, G
- .weak MemManage_Handler
4 S2 ^) i+ H4 L - .thumb_set MemManage_Handler,Default_Handler8 S' x3 a; |3 \, ^
-
) z% H8 G8 i: i; h% o7 M7 J - .weak BusFault_Handler3 \; G- O$ T7 Y6 G' d5 E
- .thumb_set BusFault_Handler,Default_Handler
8 i1 D& K" [; P6 k( Q
; I3 j6 Y& G- I7 E2 w* B- .weak UsageFault_Handler* b) L D8 J2 R/ p- D
- .thumb_set UsageFault_Handler,Default_Handler
0 J) Q, u; ]" z - 3 v5 U }- W! S/ t
- .weak SVC_Handler
" A6 ]: D+ q2 d" ~2 I - .thumb_set SVC_Handler,Default_Handler. H0 I/ B* ?* E
) ~3 f( B) i1 Z9 t5 g- .weak DebugMon_Handler5 t L/ @, C' k2 m" W
- .thumb_set DebugMon_Handler,Default_Handler q" {$ Y3 s8 x! N" a2 `' k
4 Q/ ?: `: J- b' \, `% c0 y- .weak PendSV_Handler. c: b9 C. u. f% y2 g9 k
- .thumb_set PendSV_Handler,Default_Handler/ t' x- z* g6 t# v- j
- 8 {; [* ?- j o. `" d
- .weak SysTick_Handler* q# c+ Y* E' b! N' {2 P
- .thumb_set SysTick_Handler,Default_Handler
2 z4 ]2 z* J6 c# I/ }0 a* ^ -
" S2 Y! X1 O J0 f6 A - .weak WWDG_IRQHandler 9 j! {& |" A6 l; S# V( V
- .thumb_set WWDG_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
: D0 F4 |$ w5 {; z7 ~1 L -
) q% q1 V9 _ ] P, H0 C2 d - .weak PVD_IRQHandler 4 ]( w5 j7 C- D
- .thumb_set PVD_IRQHandler,Default_Handler
) ]1 u: X0 b6 G8 {* T2 S7 X - 6 c3 e. K2 g# f& r; h' X6 P
- .weak TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler
( l/ z* [% j r+ o' K- q - .thumb_set TAMP_STAMP_IRQHandler,Default_Handler1 u" C1 I. @/ R: }' \/ Z
-
8 N' I0 K+ Q1 s1 i - //略...
4 \% a" U/ C6 Z# R6 [ - $ V; ]3 ]1 t# J! ^# \
- /************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/0 b& A5 }* ^+ P4 W& r2 p
- 1 } D, z ~! c2 m/ L
复制代码
$ W* N/ o' W: d" G# Z9 E7 t) I总结:stm32链接文件链接后布局如下,可以看到跟链接文件的配置是一致的,Flash的起始地址放的是.isr_vector,isr_vector的第一个地址放的是_estack,也就是msp(栈顶指针的值)# Q( Q; ]0 i) O/ Y; u2 H9 o* _
9 t u( T$ E0 r2 e' @- tony@DESKTOP-VP4O54O:~/workdir/tony_linux_stm32_cmake/build$ readelf -S USER.elf 9 L' N! e j2 _* Y4 X0 k
- There are 23 section headers, starting at offset 0x95690:
* Y1 d0 A$ u, q. j$ b }. S% b4 | - - j4 _' m- k0 K V E9 `
- Section Headers:9 @1 F$ A* ?# D n, x7 O6 y
- [Nr] Name Type Addr Off Size ES Flg Lk Inf Al: ?7 u2 H% T1 v( Z5 O
- [ 0] NULL 00000000 000000 000000 00 0 0 08 S, N, O$ n& E7 l
- [ 1] .isr_vector PROGBITS 08000000 010000 000194 00 A 0 0 1
0 V% h. t* V% B8 S% R4 v - [ 2] .text PROGBITS 08000194 010194 000afc 00 AX 0 0 4- s. Y* M' z8 o5 i# `
- [ 3] .rodata PROGBITS 08000c90 020010 000000 00 WA 0 0 1
+ w5 t! B$ q5 g e) k - [ 4] .init_array INIT_ARRAY 08000c90 010c90 000004 04 WA 0 0 4
' E3 h! n4 J' v* B - [ 5] .fini_array FINI_ARRAY 08000c94 010c94 000004 04 WA 0 0 4
' \- K: H! ?& g. `8 | - [ 6] .data PROGBITS 20000000 020000 000010 00 WA 0 0 4
C1 ?" x3 r/ E. O& G! n - [ 7] .bss NOBITS 20000010 020010 0000e8 00 WA 0 0 43 x+ |5 S4 p8 U- E, d& Z) I4 F& X
- [ 8] ._user_heap_stack NOBITS 200000f8 0200f8 000600 00 WA 0 0 1! P' P, K! y) S A+ V1 z) i
- [ 9] .ARM.attributes ARM_ATTRIBUTES 00000000 020010 000030 00 0 0 1
7 h' V) B0 k! m" m B# ^/ ]! J4 z$ O - [10] .debug_line PROGBITS 00000000 020040 003936 00 0 0 1
. _+ r4 Q+ ^+ L" D! B% e! ? - [11] .debug_info PROGBITS 00000000 023976 003df2 00 0 0 1! r1 I a! {7 n3 P) G' \- O
- [12] .debug_abbrev PROGBITS 00000000 027768 000ace 00 0 0 1; T l6 U( C X, |& G
- [13] .debug_aranges PROGBITS 00000000 028238 000470 00 0 0 8( T0 y$ X3 v7 Y$ _4 Z( i3 E# u: Z! ^
- [14] .debug_str PROGBITS 00000000 0286a8 064708 01 MS 0 0 1
; v' l$ w) M' ~% P: P# B1 S+ [' I' k - [15] .debug_ranges PROGBITS 00000000 08cdb0 0003f8 00 0 0 8: \& C0 q; @0 l1 @
- [16] .debug_loc PROGBITS 00000000 08d1a8 0027c4 00 0 0 1
) B0 J5 G3 K- T% Q5 ] - [17] .debug_macro PROGBITS 00000000 08f96c 00345e 00 0 0 1
5 s0 `9 L% x7 M1 [8 @+ i) o - [18] .comment PROGBITS 00000000 092dca 000049 01 MS 0 0 1
1 y( a# c- Y6 N& a - [19] .debug_frame PROGBITS 00000000 092e14 00121c 00 0 0 41 t3 D, U/ }. C4 F# A8 ~0 h
- [20] .symtab SYMTAB 00000000 094030 000d00 10 21 105 4
3 O, z; {+ B5 o5 n! P - [21] .strtab STRTAB 00000000 094d30 000869 00 0 0 1
) q- m% c' p2 j& b3 l- \ - [22] .shstrtab STRTAB 00000000 095599 0000f6 00 0 0 12 W1 x# ~$ x6 s- {
- Key to Flags:
* Z) Q4 I) }) J: H - W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),
) \0 A5 M5 `( k; I8 f K - L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),) O& s |: D6 b* Z5 R' O. P
- C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),3 u- y) B V/ l
- y (purecode), p (processor specific)
/ Z4 X1 [' g/ F3 P: z, M0 e5 r
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所以上电后会从08000000 执行,对应的异常处理函数是Reset_Handler,Reset_Handler函数做的工作首先将flash中存放的初始化的data数据拷贝到sram中(0x20000000),然后将Bss段中的数据全部初始化为0,调用SystemInit 函数初始化时钟,最后跳转到Main函数执行。# o# F" q5 J7 s/ [9 e6 v- x
startup.s中开头注释也有总结:) X# s# M. O& T1 t3 E
- Set the initial SP
$ p, l4 E2 E$ G+ R; t- Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler,5 ]2 M4 n* o: `0 c
- Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address7 x \- P5 q. ]9 w& i3 ~! b
- Configure the clock system$ C9 N/ j j0 ~ ]% c
- Branches to main in the C library (which eventually calls main()).
. [ Y1 n8 `& U1.初始化堆栈寄存器,这里msp寄存器时机器上电后就由硬件将flash 08000000 中存的栈顶的值load到msp$ _0 Z4 _% K4 U/ o% ?
寄存器中。3 @: B0 s! e6 h
2.调用08000004 Reset_Handler异常处理函数- g6 m) m1 ^3 s" c& m0 n# A: U/ {& {
3.设置异常向量表
6 n: R+ {/ n: M- o4.配置系统时钟,SystemInit
% t4 L) g1 i7 a: V4 X: }3 z/ }5.调用Main' \ {' p1 S7 T' Z
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版权声明:tony++, q& |% R3 h$ \
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