【经验分享】STM32 SPI相关函数和类型

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STMCU小助手发布时间：2022-6-16 18:00

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文章封面:
文章简介:	STM32 SPI相关函数和类型

01. SPI简介
SPI 是英语 Serial Peripheral interface 的缩写，顾名思义就是串行外围设备接口。是 Motorola首先在其 MC68HCXX 系列处理器上定义的。SPI 接口主要应用在 EEPROM，FLASH，实时时钟，AD 转换器，还有数字信号处理器和数字信号解码器之间。SPI，是一种高速的，全双工，同步的通信总线，并且在芯片的管脚上只占用四根线，节约了芯片的管脚，同时为 PCB 的布局上节省空间，提供方便，正是出于这种简单易用的特性，现在越来越多的芯片集成了这种通信协议，STM32F4 也有 SPI 接口。

02. 相关类型
SPI Init structure definition

/**
* @brief SPI Init structure definition
*/
typedef struct
{
uint16_t SPI_Direction; /*!< Specifies the SPI unidirectional or bidirectional data mode.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_data_direction */
uint16_t SPI_Mode; /*!< Specifies the SPI operating mode.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_mode */
uint16_t SPI_DataSize; /*!< Specifies the SPI data size.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_data_size */
uint16_t SPI_CPOL; /*!< Specifies the serial clock steady state.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_Clock_Polarity */
uint16_t SPI_CPHA; /*!< Specifies the clock active edge for the bit capture.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_Clock_Phase */
uint16_t SPI_NSS; /*!< Specifies whether the NSS signal is managed by
hardware (NSS pin) or by software using the SSI bit.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_Slave_Select_management */
uint16_t SPI_BaudRatePrescaler; /*!< Specifies the Baud Rate prescaler value which will be
used to configure the transmit and receive SCK clock.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_BaudRate_Prescaler
@note The communication clock is derived from the master
clock. The slave clock does not need to be set. */
uint16_t SPI_FirstBit; /*!< Specifies whether data transfers start from MSB or LSB bit.
This parameter can be a value of @ref SPI_MSB_LSB_transmission */
uint16_t SPI_CRCPolynomial; /*!< Specifies the polynomial used for the CRC calculation. */
}SPI_InitTypeDef;

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I2S Init structure definition

/**
* @brief I2S Init structure definition
*/
typedef struct
{
uint16_t I2S_Mode; /*!< Specifies the I2S operating mode.
This parameter can be a value of @ref I2S_Mode */
uint16_t I2S_Standard; /*!< Specifies the standard used for the I2S communication.
This parameter can be a value of @ref I2S_Standard */
uint16_t I2S_DataFormat; /*!< Specifies the data format for the I2S communication.
This parameter can be a value of @ref I2S_Data_Format */
uint16_t I2S_MCLKOutput; /*!< Specifies whether the I2S MCLK output is enabled or not.
This parameter can be a value of @ref I2S_MCLK_Output */
uint32_t I2S_AudioFreq; /*!< Specifies the frequency selected for the I2S communication.
This parameter can be a value of @ref I2S_Audio_Frequency */
uint16_t I2S_CPOL; /*!< Specifies the idle state of the I2S clock.
This parameter can be a value of @ref I2S_Clock_Polarity */
}I2S_InitTypeDef;

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SPI_Exported_Constants

/** @defgroup SPI_Exported_Constants
* @{
*/
#define IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH(PERIPH) (((PERIPH) == SPI1) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI2) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI3) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI4) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI5) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI6))
#define IS_SPI_ALL_PERIPH_EXT(PERIPH) (((PERIPH) == SPI1) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI2) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI3) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI4) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI5) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI6) || \
((PERIPH) == I2S2ext) || \
((PERIPH) == I2S3ext))
#define IS_SPI_23_PERIPH(PERIPH) (((PERIPH) == SPI2) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI3))
#define IS_SPI_23_PERIPH_EXT(PERIPH) (((PERIPH) == SPI2) || \
((PERIPH) == SPI3) || \
((PERIPH) == I2S2ext) || \
((PERIPH) == I2S3ext))
#define IS_I2S_EXT_PERIPH(PERIPH) (((PERIPH) == I2S2ext) || \
((PERIPH) == I2S3ext))

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SPI_data_direction

/** @defgroup SPI_data_direction
* @{
*/
#define SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SPI_Direction_2Lines_RxOnly ((uint16_t)0x0400)
#define SPI_Direction_1Line_Rx ((uint16_t)0x8000)
#define SPI_Direction_1Line_Tx ((uint16_t)0xC000)
#define IS_SPI_DIRECTION_MODE(MODE) (((MODE) == SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex) || \
((MODE) == SPI_Direction_2Lines_RxOnly) || \
((MODE) == SPI_Direction_1Line_Rx) || \
((MODE) == SPI_Direction_1Line_Tx))

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SPI_mode

/** @defgroup SPI_mode
* @{
*/
#define SPI_Mode_Master ((uint16_t)0x0104)
#define SPI_Mode_Slave ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define IS_SPI_MODE(MODE) (((MODE) == SPI_Mode_Master) || \
((MODE) == SPI_Mode_Slave))

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SPI_data_size

/** @defgroup SPI_data_size
* @{
*/
#define SPI_DataSize_16b ((uint16_t)0x0800)
#define SPI_DataSize_8b ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define IS_SPI_DATASIZE(DATASIZE) (((DATASIZE) == SPI_DataSize_16b) || \
((DATASIZE) == SPI_DataSize_8b))

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SPI_Clock_Polarity

/** @defgroup SPI_Clock_Polarity
* @{
*/
#define SPI_CPOL_Low ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SPI_CPOL_High ((uint16_t)0x0002)
#define IS_SPI_CPOL(CPOL) (((CPOL) == SPI_CPOL_Low) || \
((CPOL) == SPI_CPOL_High))

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SPI_Clock_Phase

/** @defgroup SPI_Clock_Phase
* @{
*/
#define SPI_CPHA_1Edge ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SPI_CPHA_2Edge ((uint16_t)0x0001)
#define IS_SPI_CPHA(CPHA) (((CPHA) == SPI_CPHA_1Edge) || \
((CPHA) == SPI_CPHA_2Edge))

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SPI_Slave_Select_management

/** @defgroup SPI_Slave_Select_management
* @{
*/
#define SPI_NSS_Soft ((uint16_t)0x0200)
#define SPI_NSS_Hard ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define IS_SPI_NSS(NSS) (((NSS) == SPI_NSS_Soft) || \
((NSS) == SPI_NSS_Hard))

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SPI_BaudRate_Prescaler

/** @defgroup SPI_BaudRate_Prescaler
* @{
*/
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2 ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_4 ((uint16_t)0x0008)
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_8 ((uint16_t)0x0010)
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_16 ((uint16_t)0x0018)
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_32 ((uint16_t)0x0020)
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_64 ((uint16_t)0x0028)
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_128 ((uint16_t)0x0030)
#define SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_256 ((uint16_t)0x0038)
#define IS_SPI_BAUDRATE_PRESCALER(PRESCALER) (((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_2) || \
((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_4) || \
((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_8) || \
((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_16) || \
((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_32) || \
((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_64) || \
((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_128) || \
((PRESCALER) == SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_256))

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SPI_MSB_LSB_transmission

/** @defgroup SPI_MSB_LSB_transmission
* @{
*/
#define SPI_FirstBit_MSB ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define SPI_FirstBit_LSB ((uint16_t)0x0080)
#define IS_SPI_FIRST_BIT(BIT) (((BIT) == SPI_FirstBit_MSB) || \
((BIT) == SPI_FirstBit_LSB))

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SPI_I2S_Mode

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_Mode
* @{
*/
#define I2S_Mode_SlaveTx ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define I2S_Mode_SlaveRx ((uint16_t)0x0100)
#define I2S_Mode_MasterTx ((uint16_t)0x0200)
#define I2S_Mode_MasterRx ((uint16_t)0x0300)
#define IS_I2S_MODE(MODE) (((MODE) == I2S_Mode_SlaveTx) || \
((MODE) == I2S_Mode_SlaveRx) || \
((MODE) == I2S_Mode_MasterTx)|| \
((MODE) == I2S_Mode_MasterRx))

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SPI_I2S_Standard

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_Standard
* @{
*/
#define I2S_Standard_Phillips ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define I2S_Standard_MSB ((uint16_t)0x0010)
#define I2S_Standard_LSB ((uint16_t)0x0020)
#define I2S_Standard_PCMShort ((uint16_t)0x0030)
#define I2S_Standard_PCMLong ((uint16_t)0x00B0)
#define IS_I2S_STANDARD(STANDARD) (((STANDARD) == I2S_Standard_Phillips) || \
((STANDARD) == I2S_Standard_MSB) || \
((STANDARD) == I2S_Standard_LSB) || \
((STANDARD) == I2S_Standard_PCMShort) || \
((STANDARD) == I2S_Standard_PCMLong))

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SPI_I2S_Data_Format

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_Data_Format
* @{
*/
#define I2S_DataFormat_16b ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define I2S_DataFormat_16bextended ((uint16_t)0x0001)
#define I2S_DataFormat_24b ((uint16_t)0x0003)
#define I2S_DataFormat_32b ((uint16_t)0x0005)
#define IS_I2S_DATA_FORMAT(FORMAT) (((FORMAT) == I2S_DataFormat_16b) || \
((FORMAT) == I2S_DataFormat_16bextended) || \
((FORMAT) == I2S_DataFormat_24b) || \
((FORMAT) == I2S_DataFormat_32b))

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SPI_I2S_MCLK_Output

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_MCLK_Output
* @{
*/
#define I2S_MCLKOutput_Enable ((uint16_t)0x0200)
#define I2S_MCLKOutput_Disable ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define IS_I2S_MCLK_OUTPUT(OUTPUT) (((OUTPUT) == I2S_MCLKOutput_Enable) || \
((OUTPUT) == I2S_MCLKOutput_Disable))

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SPI_I2S_Audio_Frequency

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_Audio_Frequency
* @{
*/
#define I2S_AudioFreq_192k ((uint32_t)192000)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_96k ((uint32_t)96000)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_48k ((uint32_t)48000)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_44k ((uint32_t)44100)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_32k ((uint32_t)32000)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_22k ((uint32_t)22050)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_16k ((uint32_t)16000)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_11k ((uint32_t)11025)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_8k ((uint32_t)8000)
#define I2S_AudioFreq_Default ((uint32_t)2)
#define IS_I2S_AUDIO_FREQ(FREQ) ((((FREQ) >= I2S_AudioFreq_8k) && \
((FREQ) <= I2S_AudioFreq_192k)) || \
((FREQ) == I2S_AudioFreq_Default))

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SPI_I2S_Clock_Polarity

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_Clock_Polarity
* @{
*/
#define I2S_CPOL_Low ((uint16_t)0x0000)
#define I2S_CPOL_High ((uint16_t)0x0008)
#define IS_I2S_CPOL(CPOL) (((CPOL) == I2S_CPOL_Low) || \
((CPOL) == I2S_CPOL_High))

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SPI_I2S_DMA_transfer_requests

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_DMA_transfer_requests
* @{
*/
#define SPI_I2S_DMAReq_Tx ((uint16_t)0x0002)
#define SPI_I2S_DMAReq_Rx ((uint16_t)0x0001)
#define IS_SPI_I2S_DMAREQ(DMAREQ) ((((DMAREQ) & (uint16_t)0xFFFC) == 0x00) && ((DMAREQ) != 0x00))

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SPI_NSS_internal_software_management

/** @defgroup SPI_NSS_internal_software_management
* @{
*/
#define SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Set ((uint16_t)0x0100)
#define SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Reset ((uint16_t)0xFEFF)
#define IS_SPI_NSS_INTERNAL(INTERNAL) (((INTERNAL) == SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Set) || \
((INTERNAL) == SPI_NSSInternalSoft_Reset))

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SPI_CRC_Transmit_Receive

/** @defgroup SPI_CRC_Transmit_Receive
* @{
*/
#define SPI_CRC_Tx ((uint8_t)0x00)
#define SPI_CRC_Rx ((uint8_t)0x01)
#define IS_SPI_CRC(CRC) (((CRC) == SPI_CRC_Tx) || ((CRC) == SPI_CRC_Rx))

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SPI_direction_transmit_receive

/** @defgroup SPI_direction_transmit_receive
* @{
*/
#define SPI_Direction_Rx ((uint16_t)0xBFFF)
#define SPI_Direction_Tx ((uint16_t)0x4000)
#define IS_SPI_DIRECTION(DIRECTION) (((DIRECTION) == SPI_Direction_Rx) || \
((DIRECTION) == SPI_Direction_Tx))

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SPI_I2S_interrupts_definition

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_interrupts_definition
* @{
*/
#define SPI_I2S_IT_TXE ((uint8_t)0x71)
#define SPI_I2S_IT_RXNE ((uint8_t)0x60)
#define SPI_I2S_IT_ERR ((uint8_t)0x50)
#define I2S_IT_UDR ((uint8_t)0x53)
#define SPI_I2S_IT_TIFRFE ((uint8_t)0x58)
#define IS_SPI_I2S_CONFIG_IT(IT) (((IT) == SPI_I2S_IT_TXE) || \
((IT) == SPI_I2S_IT_RXNE) || \
((IT) == SPI_I2S_IT_ERR))
#define SPI_I2S_IT_OVR ((uint8_t)0x56)
#define SPI_IT_MODF ((uint8_t)0x55)
#define SPI_IT_CRCERR ((uint8_t)0x54)
#define IS_SPI_I2S_CLEAR_IT(IT) (((IT) == SPI_IT_CRCERR))
#define IS_SPI_I2S_GET_IT(IT) (((IT) == SPI_I2S_IT_RXNE)|| ((IT) == SPI_I2S_IT_TXE) || \
((IT) == SPI_IT_CRCERR) || ((IT) == SPI_IT_MODF) || \
((IT) == SPI_I2S_IT_OVR) || ((IT) == I2S_IT_UDR) ||\
((IT) == SPI_I2S_IT_TIFRFE))

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SPI_I2S_flags_definition

/** @defgroup SPI_I2S_flags_definition
* @{
*/
#define SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE ((uint16_t)0x0001)
#define SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE ((uint16_t)0x0002)
#define I2S_FLAG_CHSIDE ((uint16_t)0x0004)
#define I2S_FLAG_UDR ((uint16_t)0x0008)
#define SPI_FLAG_CRCERR ((uint16_t)0x0010)
#define SPI_FLAG_MODF ((uint16_t)0x0020)
#define SPI_I2S_FLAG_OVR ((uint16_t)0x0040)
#define SPI_I2S_FLAG_BSY ((uint16_t)0x0080)
#define SPI_I2S_FLAG_TIFRFE ((uint16_t)0x0100)
#define IS_SPI_I2S_CLEAR_FLAG(FLAG) (((FLAG) == SPI_FLAG_CRCERR))
#define IS_SPI_I2S_GET_FLAG(FLAG) (((FLAG) == SPI_I2S_FLAG_BSY) || ((FLAG) == SPI_I2S_FLAG_OVR) || \
((FLAG) == SPI_FLAG_MODF) || ((FLAG) == SPI_FLAG_CRCERR) || \
((FLAG) == I2S_FLAG_UDR) || ((FLAG) == I2S_FLAG_CHSIDE) || \
((FLAG) == SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) || ((FLAG) == SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE)|| \
((FLAG) == SPI_I2S_FLAG_TIFRFE))

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03. 相关函数

/* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Function used to set the SPI configuration to the default reset state *****/
void SPI_I2S_DeInit(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx);
/* Initialization and Configuration functions *********************************/
void SPI_Init(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, SPI_InitTypeDef* SPI_InitStruct);
void I2S_Init(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, I2S_InitTypeDef* I2S_InitStruct);
void SPI_StructInit(SPI_InitTypeDef* SPI_InitStruct);
void I2S_StructInit(I2S_InitTypeDef* I2S_InitStruct);
void SPI_Cmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState);
void I2S_Cmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState);
void SPI_DataSizeConfig(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_DataSize);
void SPI_BiDirectionalLineConfig(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_Direction);
void SPI_NSSInternalSoftwareConfig(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_NSSInternalSoft);
void SPI_SSOutputCmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState);
void SPI_TIModeCmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState);
void I2S_FullDuplexConfig(SPI_TypeDef* I2Sxext, I2S_InitTypeDef* I2S_InitStruct);
/* Data transfers functions ***************************************************/
void SPI_I2S_SendData(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t Data);
uint16_t SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx);
/* Hardware CRC Calculation functions *****************************************/
void SPI_CalculateCRC(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, FunctionalState NewState);
void SPI_TransmitCRC(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx);
uint16_t SPI_GetCRC(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint8_t SPI_CRC);
uint16_t SPI_GetCRCPolynomial(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx);
/* DMA transfers management functions *****************************************/
void SPI_I2S_DMACmd(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_I2S_DMAReq, FunctionalState NewState);
/* Interrupts and flags management functions **********************************/
void SPI_I2S_ITConfig(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint8_t SPI_I2S_IT, FunctionalState NewState);
FlagStatus SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_I2S_FLAG);
void SPI_I2S_ClearFlag(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint16_t SPI_I2S_FLAG);
ITStatus SPI_I2S_GetITStatus(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint8_t SPI_I2S_IT);
void SPI_I2S_ClearITPendingBit(SPI_TypeDef* SPIx, uint8_t SPI_I2S_IT);

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04. 结构体封装

/**
* @brief Serial Peripheral Interface
*/
typedef struct
{
__IO uint16_t CR1; /*!< SPI control register 1 (not used in I2S mode), Address offset: 0x00 */
uint16_t RESERVED0; /*!< Reserved, 0x02 */
__IO uint16_t CR2; /*!< SPI control register 2, Address offset: 0x04 */
uint16_t RESERVED1; /*!< Reserved, 0x06 */
__IO uint16_t SR; /*!< SPI status register, Address offset: 0x08 */
uint16_t RESERVED2; /*!< Reserved, 0x0A */
__IO uint16_t DR; /*!< SPI data register, Address offset: 0x0C */
uint16_t RESERVED3; /*!< Reserved, 0x0E */
__IO uint16_t CRCPR; /*!< SPI CRC polynomial register (not used in I2S mode), Address offset: 0x10 */
uint16_t RESERVED4; /*!< Reserved, 0x12 */
__IO uint16_t RXCRCR; /*!< SPI RX CRC register (not used in I2S mode), Address offset: 0x14 */
uint16_t RESERVED5; /*!< Reserved, 0x16 */
__IO uint16_t TXCRCR; /*!< SPI TX CRC register (not used in I2S mode), Address offset: 0x18 */
uint16_t RESERVED6; /*!< Reserved, 0x1A */
__IO uint16_t I2SCFGR; /*!< SPI_I2S configuration register, Address offset: 0x1C */
uint16_t RESERVED7; /*!< Reserved, 0x1E */
__IO uint16_t I2SPR; /*!< SPI_I2S prescaler register, Address offset: 0x20 */
uint16_t RESERVED8; /*!< Reserved, 0x22 */
} SPI_TypeDef;